2005年、ペンタゴンのイラン問題の専門家であるローレンス・フランクリンとAIPACのロビイスト、スティーブ・ローゼンとキース・ワイスマンはスパイ活動法違反によって起訴された。フランクリンは国防に関する情報をロビイストやイスラエル政府の政治家に開示したと噂されていたが、罪を認めた[88]。フランクリンは12年以上の懲役を言い渡されたが、判決は10か月の自宅軟禁[89]と社会貢献への従事に減刑された。In 2007 the trial became the first to successfully use the controversial silent witness rule. 2009年、ローゼンとワイスマンはにかけられていた容疑はなくなった。
^Harold Edgar and Benno C. Schmidt, Jr., "The Espionage Statutes and the Publication of Defense Information", Columbia Law Review. v. 73. no. 5, May 1973, 950–951
^Geoffrey R. Stone, Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime from the Sedition Act of 1798 to the War on Terrorism (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2004), 231–232
^Ann Hagedorn, Savage Peace: Hope and Fear in America, 1919 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007), 29
^Jean Edward Smith, FDR (New York: Random House, 2007), 467, 755n54
^Moynihan, Secrecy, 97; Herbert Yardley, The American Black Chamber (Bobbs-Merrill, 1931)
^C. William Michaels, No Greater Threat: America after September 11 and the Rise of a National Security State (Algora Publishing, 2002), 21, available online, accessed December 1, 2010
^Christopher Cappozolla, Uncle Sam Wants You: World War I and the Making of the Modern American Citizen (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 151–152
^Chafee's treatise Free Speech in the United States included a lengthy attack on the Schenck decision. Zechariah Chafee, Free Speech in the United States (New York: Harcourt, Brace 1920)
^Stone, Goeffrey R. (2004). “Free Speech in World War II: When are you going to indict the seditionists?”. International Journal of Constitutional Law.
Scheiber, Harry N. The Wilson Administration and Civil Liberties 1917-1921 Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1960
Thomas, William H., Jr. Unsafe for Democracy: World War I and the U.S. Justice Department's Covert Campaign to Suppress Dissent Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2008
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