Pompeo Venturi

Pompeo Venturi (Siena, 1693 – Ancona, 1752) è stato un letterato, critico letterario e religioso italiano, autore di un'edizione critica della Divina Commedia di Dante Alighieri, verso il quale non risparmiò critiche di natura politica e religiosa.

Biografia

Senese, entrò nella Compagnia di Gesù e fu docente in varie città italiane, tra cui la città natale, Firenze, Prato e Roma. Scrittore e poeta sia in latino che in volgare[1], Pompeo Venturi è noto soprattutto per la pubblicazione di un'edizione critica della Divina Commedia, apparsa per la prima volta in forma anonima a Lucca nel 1732, con una dedica a Clemente XII, poi riedita a Venezia nel 1739[2], e infine a Verona nel 1749.

L'edizione del Venturi, che s'inserisce nella critica verso la figura e l'opera di Dante tipica del Settecento (da ricordarsi le Lettere virgiliane del confratello del Venturi, Saverio Bettinelli), «privilegia il versante confessionale ai danni di quello filologico-letterario, poiché mira ad un'esegesi esplicativa "al servizio di Dio"»[3]. Difatti, l'opera di Dante è criticata sul piano dottrinale e personale più che su quello della critica[4], in quanto il padre gesuita mira a difendere il potere temporale dei papi e la loro autorità dalle critiche mosse dal poeta fiorentino[5]. Inoltre, il Venturi critica il pluristilismo dantesco, riallacciandosi così alla dottrina bembiana: egli disapprova l'uso di parole non ammesse dall'Accademia della Crusca[3].

L'edizione del Venturi, benché critica verso Dante, ebbe grande fortuna fino agl'inizi dell'Ottocento[1], e fu soppiantata solo dall'edizione curata dal frate minore Baldassarre Lombardi (la Lombardina, 1791), tesa a rivalutare l'opera dantesca e in polemica aperta con quella del Venturi[6].

Note

  1. ^ a b Treccani.
  2. ^ Vallone.
  3. ^ a b Spera, p. 180.
  4. ^ Vallone: «Vi si dichiara che dei versi si vuol dare solo il senso letterale "con brevità e sufficienza"...»; Spera, p. 130
  5. ^ Roda: «P[ompeo] Venturi, ostile a Dante Alighieri per le sue critiche al Papato, al potere temporale e alla Chiesa».
  6. ^ Roda.

Bibliografia

Voci correlate

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 22491995 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 8101 7621 · SBN RAVV069231 · BAV 495/184364 · CERL cnp00958465 · LCCN (EN) n86054285 · GND (DE) 1055191968 · J9U (EN, HE) 987007280260705171
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