Connettivite indifferenziata

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Connettivite indifferenziata
Specialitàimmunologia e reumatologia
Classificazione e risorse esterne (EN)
MeSHD000074079
Sinonimi
UCTD
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

Per connettivite indifferenziata si intende un insieme di patologie autoimmuni che colpiscono i tessuti connettivi, ma che non soddisfano i criteri diagnostici richiesti per le classiche connettivopatie quali il lupus eritematoso sistemico, la sclerosi sistemica, la polimiosite-dermatomiosite, la sindrome di Sjögren e l'artrite reumatoide. I primi studi specifici sull'epidemiologia e sulle caratteristiche cliniche di queste malattie risalgono agli anni ottanta.[1]

Epidemiologia

L'incidenza rispetto al totale delle connettiviti risulta essere circa il 60%, mentre le forme indifferenziate nella metà dei casi si evolvono in forme conosciute. Ma altri studi dimostrano che tale percentuale è molto più bassa.

Sintomatologia

Dal punto di vista clinico e laboratoristico le connettiviti indifferenziate possono presentarsi con astenia, artrite e artralgia, febbre, leucopenia, anemia, fenomeno di Raynaud; talvolta risultano positivi gli anticorpi antinucleo.

Terapia

Le terapie sono in base ai sintomi evidenziati, da somministrare calcioantagonisti se si evidenzia il fenomeno di Raynaud, mentre analgesici e alcuni antinfiammatori nel caso si manifestino febbre alta e poliartriti. Vengono impiegati principalmente steroidi per via orale o in bolo endovenoso nei casi di gravità maggiore. Viene inoltre utilizzata la idrossiclorochina e nel caso di resistenza agli steroidi si utilizza thalidomide e methotrexate.

Prognosi

La prognosi risulta essere solitamente buona.

Note

  1. ^ Mosca M, Tani C, Bombardieri S., Undifferentiated connective tissue diseases (UCTD): a new frontier for rheumatology., in Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol., vol. 21, 2007, pp. 1011-1023.

Bibliografia

  • Giovanni Bonsignore, Bellia Vincenzo, Malattie dell’apparato respiratorio terza edizione, Milano, McGraw-Hill, 2006, ISBN 978-88-386-2390-5.

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  Portale Medicina: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di medicina

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