Kénesd

Kénesd (Trâmpoiele)
Közigazgatás
Ország Románia
Történelmi régióErdély
Fejlesztési régióKözép-romániai fejlesztési régió
MegyeFehér
Rangfalu
KözségközpontZalatna
Irányítószám516116
SIRUTA-kód2103
Népesség
Népesség315 fő (2021. dec. 1.)
Magyar lakosság– (2011)[1]
Földrajzi adatok
Tszf. magasság570-700 m
IdőzónaEET, UTC+2
Elhelyezkedése
Térkép
é. sz. 46° 08′ 53″, k. h. 23° 09′ 01″46.148019°N 23.150278°EKoordináták: é. sz. 46° 08′ 53″, k. h. 23° 09′ 01″46.148019°N 23.150278°E
Sablon • Wikidata • Segítség

Kénesd, 1910-ig Trimpoel vagy Trempoele (pecsétjén) (románul: Trâmpoiele) falu Romániában, Erdélyben, Fehér megyében.

Nevének eredete

Nevét először 1733-ban Tompojetye, 1805-ben Trimpojile, 1808-ban Trimpoel alakban írták. A román (în)tre Ampoiele szószerkezetből ered, melynek jelentése 'Ompolyok köze'.[2] Arra utal, hogy a név eredetileg az Ompoly folyó két ága között elszórt házakat jelölte. A Kénesd nevet a helyi főszolgabíró ötletéből 1910-ben a magyar hatóságok vezették be, utalva a falu mellett lévő kén- (helyesebben pirit-) bányára.[3] A magyar kén szó más nyomot is hagyott a környék helynévanyagán: Cheneș a helyi neve a Zalatna és Nagyompoly között, az Ompoly jobb partján elhelyezkedő házcsoportnak (hivatalos neve Pirita).[4] Ezt az ompoly-völgyi vasút megállójának magyar neve után kapta.[5]

Fekvése

Az Erdélyi-érchegységben, Zalatnától négy kilométerre északnyugatra fekszik. Egy falumagból és a körülötte szórtan elhelyezkedő tanyákból áll.

Népesség

  • 1880-ban 936 lakosából 890 volt román és 46 egyéb (cigány) anyanyelvű; 936 ortodox vallású.
  • 2002-ben (az 1956-ban különvált Dealu Roatei és Dobrot nélkül) 519 román nemzetiségű lakosa volt, közülük 510 ortodox vallású.

Története

Alsó-Fehér vármegyei román falu volt, az 1850-es évekig a zalatnai Felső uradalomhoz, a 20. század elején a Magyarigeni járáshoz tartozott.

A Valea Dosului-völgyben és a Băbuia-hegy oldalában az új- és a modern korban cinnabaritot bányásztak (lásd Nagyompolynál). A modern korban ezenkívül arany-, ezüst- és piritbányái is működtek. Az 1900-at megelőző években a helyi bányavállalat 137 munkást foglalkoztatott és évi mintegy hét tonna piritet termelt ki, amelyből Zalatnán kénsavat gyártottak.[6] 1931-ben a Mica vállalat a falutól északra fekvő Breaza hegy oldalában nyitott új aranybányát (Fața Băii).[7]

Jegyzetek

  1. ↑ Varga E. Árpád: Erdély etnikai és felekezeti statisztikái a népszámlálási adatok alapján, 1852–2011: Fehér megye. adatbank.ro
  2. ↑ Categorii de toponime întâlnite în denumire unor localităţi din judeţul Alba[halott link]
  3. ↑ Mező András: Adatok a magyar hivatalos helynévadáshoz. Nyíregyháza, 1999, 396. o.
  4. ↑ Valer Petru Olea: Scurtă contribuţie la istoria Văii Ampoiului. Apulum 39 (2002)[halott link] PDF
  5. ↑ Mező, i. h. és Traian Pătrășcanu: Toponimia comunelor Zlatna și Ciugud din raionul Alba. Apulum 6 (1967), 12. o.
  6. ↑ Magyar bánya-kalauz / Ungarisches Montan-Handbuch 1900 PDF
  7. ↑ Ion Rusu Abrudeanu, Aurul românesc: istoria lui din vechime până azi. București, 1933, 264–65. o.

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