Uridina

Uridina
Identificadores
Número CAS 58-96-8
ChemSpider 5807
UNII WHI7HQ7H85
DrugBank DB02745
MeSH Uridine
ChEMBL CHEMBL100259
Imaxes 3D Jmol Image 1
Propiedades
Fórmula molecular C9H12N2O6
Masa molar 244,20 g mol−1
Aspecto sólido
Densidade 0,99308g/cm3
Punto de fusión 167,2 °C
log P -1,98

Se non se indica outra cousa, os datos están tomados en condicións estándar de 25 °C e 100 kPa.
Estrutura química da desoxiuridina, formada por uracilo e desoxirribosa e menos común ca a uridina.

A uridina é un nucleósido formado pola base nitroxenada pirimidínica uracilo unida ao azucre ribosa (ribofuranosa) por medio dun enlace β-N1-glicosídico.

Se a uridina se une a un fosfato en posición 5' convértese no nucleótido UMP, que é exclusivo do ARN, onde aparece xunto co AMP, CMP e GMP.

Se o uracilo está unido á 2-desoxirribosa en lugar de á ribosa, orixínase o nucleósido desoxiuridina, que non é moi común. Existen unhas variantes da desoxiuridina, a idoxiuridina e a trifluridina, usadas como fármacos antivirais, que se poden incorporar ao ADN, pero que non forman pontes de hidróxeno correctamente coas bases coas que se emparellan.

Fontes de uridina

O ARN contén grandes cantidades de uridina en forma do nucleótido UMP. Ao dixerir os alimentos o ARN libera a uridina e é absorbida no intestino. Alimentos con alto contido de uridina son:

  • Extracto de cana de azucre[1]
  • Tomates (de 0,5 a 1,0 g de uridina por kg de peso seco)[2]
  • Lévedo de cervexa (3% de uridina do peso seco)[3]
  • Cervexa[4]
  • Brócoli[3]
  • Carne de vísceras como o fígado, páncreas etc.[3]

Porén, un consumo excesivo de alimentos ricos en ARN pode orixinar un aumento de purinas (adenosina e guanosina) no sangue, xa que estas son tamén abundantes no ARN, o que pode producir ácido úrico e gota, polo que se recomendan consumos moderados de alimentos como o lévedo de cervexa.

Informes de nvestigadores da universidade de Harvard indican que en ratas o suplemento alimentario combinado de uridina e ácidos graxos omega-3 EPA/DHA ten unha actividade antidepresiva equivalente ao de medicamentos antidepresivos como o Prozac.[5]

Notas

  1. "Thebody.com". Arquivado dende o orixinal o 06 de xuño de 2011. Consultado o 15 de xullo de 2011. 
  2. "Aseanfood.info" (PDF). Arquivado dende o orixinal (PDF) o 21 de xullo de 2011. Consultado o 15 de xullo de 2011. 
  3. 3,0 3,1 3,2 Jonas DA, Elmadfa I, Engel KH, Heller KJ, Kozianowski G, König A, Müller D, Narbonne JF, Wackernagel W, Kleiner J (2001). "Safety considerations of DNA in food". Ann Nutr Metab 45 (6): 235–54. PMID 11786646. doi:10.1159/000046734. 
  4. Yamamoto T, Moriwaki Y, Takahashi S, Tsutsumi Z, Ka T, Fukuchi M, Hada T (2002). "Effect of beer on the plasma concentrations of uridine and purine bases". Metab Clin Exp 51 (10): 1317–23. PMID 12370853. doi:10.1053/meta.2002.34041. 
  5. Carlezon WA, Mague SD, Parow AM, Stoll AL, Cohen BM, Renshaw PF (2005). "Antidepressant-like effects of uridine and omega-3 fatty acids are potentiated by combined treatment in rats". Biol Psychiatry 57 (4): 343–50. PMID 15705349. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.038. 

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