Sruth na Murascaille

WD Bosca Tíreolaíocht FhisiceachSruth na Murascaille
Íomhá
CineálFeacht aigéin Cuir in eagar ar Wikidata
Ainmnithe in ómósMurascaill Mheicsiceo Cuir in eagar ar Wikidata
Cuid deMórghuairneán an Atlantaigh Thuaidh Cuir in eagar ar Wikidata
Suíomh
Limistéar riaracháinluach ar iarraidh Cuir in eagar ar Wikidata
Map
35° N, 70° O / 35°N,70°W / 35; -70
35° N, 70° O / 35°N,70°W / 35; -70
Suite i nó in aice le limistéar uiscean tAigéan Atlantach Cuir in eagar ar Wikidata
Stair
Blian aimsithe1512 Cuir in eagar ar Wikidata

Sruth d’uisce teolaí a shreabhann an tslí ar fad ó Mhurascaill Mheicsice go dtí cósta na hÉireann is ea Sruth na Murascaille. [1]

Téann eolaithe amach ar an bhfarraige chun staidéar a dhéanamh ar Shruth na Murascaille, ach anois is féidir leo sruthanna agus feachtaí1 a leanúint ón spás freisin

Míniú

Farraigí uile an domhain, is cuid de chrios mór iompair iad, crios a bhíonn ag sreabhadh mórthimpeall an domhain. Is cuid den chrios mór iompair iad na sruthanna móra sna farraigí, Sruth na Murascaille san áireamh.

Sreabhann an sruth soir ó Mhurascaill Mheicsiceo agus ansin soir ó thuaidh san Atlantach Thuaidh. Ní hé gur aon ribín mór amháin d’uisce atá ann ach gréasán de shruthanna éagsúla a bhíonn ag gluaiseacht leo. Iompraíonn Sruth na Murascaille 113 milliún m3 (méadar ciúbach) d’uisce in aghaidh an tsoicind, sin níos mó uisce ná mar a iompraítear in aibhneacha uile an domhain. Sreabhann sé 300 uair níos tapúla ná abhainn na hAmasóine.[1]

Is sruth aigéanach é Sruth na Murascaille, a éiríonn i Murascaill Mheicsiceo, a ritheann thar Florida agus ar feadh cósta thoir na Stát Aontaithe go sraontar é ag Rinn Hatteras. Gar do Thalamh an Éisc, casann an sruth soir ó thuaidh i dtreo na hÉireann.

Glaotar Síobadh Mór an Atlantaigh ThuaidhSruth an Atlantaigh Thuaidh air as sin amach. Trasnaíonn Sruth an Atlantaigh Thuaidh seo Aigéin an Atlantaigh Thuaidh, i dtreo iarthar na hEorpa. Is píosa den córas aigéin, a glaotar Iompú Imshruthú na Mara air, an sruth seo.

Aeráid

Iarmhairt láidir fhabhrach atá ag Iompú Imshruthú na Mara ar aeráid iarthuaisceart na hEorpa, Éire go háirithe. Ionas gur aimsir bog tais is mó a bhíonn ar iarthar na mór-roinne agus na hoileáin atá suite roimpi.

Ardaíonn an t-uisce teolaí sin teocht na farraige agus teocht an aeir araon thart ar Éirinn. Fágann sé sin go mbíonn aeráid na hÉireann 10o C níos teo ar an meán sa gheimhreadh ná mar a bheadh mura mbeadh Sruth na Murascaille ag sreabhadh timpeall na hÉireann.

Tá Éire ar an domhanleithead céanna le Talamh an Éisc, le deisceart Alasca agus le cuid den Rúis. Is áiteanna iad sin ina mbíonn an aeráid an-fhuar. Ach bíonn an aeráid i bhfad níos teo in Éirinn in ainneoin go bhfuil an tír suite ar an domhanleithead céanna leo. Sruth na Murascaille is cúis leis sin.[1]

Fágann sé gur féidir le báid dul i gcalafort in iarthar na hEorpa ar feadh an gheimhridh ar fad, chomh fada aduaidh leis an Iorua.[2]

Fásann crainn phailme i Sligeach ar an gcósta thiar ó thuaidh. Ar an leithead céanna, i nGrytviken, sa tSeoirsia Theas, feictear oighearshruthanna, cé go bhfuil siad ag cúlú de bharr athrú aeráide.[3]

sruthanna

Eisceachtúlachas Atlantaigh

Glaotar imshruthú teirmeahailíneach ar an gcóras aigéin a bhogann an teas seo i dtreo iarthuaisceart na hEorpa. Is córas sruthanna aigéin é Iompú Imshruthú na Mara a bhogann uisce te ó thuaidh, i Sruth na Murascaille mar shampla.

Tá an t-uisce seo te agus goirt. Agus an t-uisce seo ag cailliúint teasa de bharr próiseas éagsúla, cruthaíonn sé uisce fuar, domhain a fhilleann ó theas. Cruthaíonn an malartú den uisce fuar agus uisce te seo an iompar teasa is mó san aigéan. Scaoiltear an teas seo ón Atlantach agus iompaítear é i dtreo na hEorpa ag na príomhghaotha.

‘Sé meascán an aigéan agus an ghaoth cúis don aeráid chineálta eisceachtúil atá in iarthuaisceart na hEorpa.[3]

Athrú aeráide

Bíonn braiteoirí ar shatailítí anois atá ábalta teocht an uisce a thomhas ón spás. Tá na heolaithe buartha faoi Shruth na Murascaille agus coinníonn siad taifead ar athrú ar bith a thagann ar theocht na farraige. Agus na hoighearchaidhpeanna ag leá, tá imní orthu go gcuirfidh an t-uisce fuar sin ar fad isteach ar Shruth na Murascaille. Creideann eolaithe áirithe go bhfuil Sruth na Murascaille ag moilliú síos, rud a chuirfeadh isteach ar ghluaiseacht an uisce sna farraigí ar fad agus ar na hainmhithe ar fad san fharraige.[1]

Tá na heolaithe ag dúil le hathruithe suntasacha a fheiceáil sa sruth luath nó mall leis an athrú aeráide.[4] Tá Iompú an Atlantaigh athruithe, le luaineacht mór san aeráid san oighearthréimhse deireanach ceangailte le titim agus athbheochan an sruthú iompaithe. Táthar ag tuar go dtiocfaidh meath ar an sruthú sa todhchaí – deir an Painéal Idir Rialtais don Athrú Aeráide go bhfuil an-seans go laghdóidh an Sruthú Iompaithe de 30% sa chéad atá amach romhainn.

Má thagann an meath seo ar an sruthú, beidh tionchar ollmhór ar aeráid na hÉireann. Tá fianaise de seo ag méadú cheana féin. Tá teochtaí domhanda ag ardú ar bhonn leanúnach de bharr téamh domhanda antrapaigineach ach, san Atlantach Thuaidh, feictear spota fuar áit a bhfuil teocht íseal ag tarlú.[3][5][6]

Féach freisin

Tagairtí

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Foras na Gaeilge. "Líon an Dúlra". Dáta rochtana: 2023.
  2. Hussey, Matt (2011). "Sruth na Murascaille". Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim. p. 623.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Gerard Mccarthy (2018-01-10). "Irish Climate Analysis and Research Units: The Atlantic Overturning Circulation and Ireland". Irish Climate Analysis and Research Units. Dáta rochtana: 2023-07-26.
  4. Damian Carrington, Damian Carrington Environment editor (2023-07-25). "Gulf Stream could collapse as early as 2025, study suggests" (en-GB). The Guardian. Dáta rochtana: 2023-07-26.
  5. Prof. Rahmstorf (Earth System Analysis - Potsdam Institute) (2024-06-07). "Tipping risk of the Atlantic Ocean's overturning circulation, AMOC.". 
  6. Stefan Rahmstorf (2024-04-10). "Is the Atlantic Overturning Circulation Approaching a Tipping Point?". Oceanography: 0–0. doi:10.5670/oceanog.2024.501. 
  7. "Atlantic meridional overturning circulation" (as en) (2024-05-12). Wikipedia. 

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