République transpadane

République transpadane
(it) Repubblica Transpadana

17961797

Drapeau
Drapeau
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Italie du Nord en 1796 : le duché de Milan devient la République transpadane après l'occupation française de 1796.
Informations générales
Statut République sœur de la Drapeau de la France République française
Capitale Milan
Langue(s) Italien
Histoire et événements
Proclamation de la république
Dissolution
Traité de Campo-Formio

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La République transpadane (de Padus, ) est une « république sœur » de la République française, proclamée par le général Bonaparte, le à Milan. Son territoire correspond à l'ancien duché de Milan (Lombardie).

Le , les républiques cispadane et transpadane furent réunies en une République cisalpine.

Histoire

Après l'entrée de Bonaparte en Italie, le , les troupes françaises envahirent la Lombardie, et occupèrent des villes qui dépendaient tant de l'empire d'Autriche (Mantoue) que des États pontificaux (Bologne, Ferrare). À l'automne 1796, les États héréditaires de la maison d'Este (Modène, Reggio, Massa-et-Carrare) furent également occupés.

Au fur et à mesure, des républiques locales furent proclamées : républiques ferraraise, bolonaise, reggiane, modénaise, etc.

Tandis que se constituait au sud du la république cispadane, une République transpadane fut proclamée au nord du Pô, succédant à l'Administration générale de la Lombardie créée par Bonaparte en mai (limitée à Milan et au Mantouan).

Au printemps suivant, Brescia, Bergame et Crema, villes dépendant de Venise, se proclamèrent républiques indépendantes. Le , Milan, Bergame, Crema et leurs dépendances s'unirent à la république cispadane (Modène, Bologne, Reggio, Massa et Carrare) pour donner naissance à la République cisalpine, à laquelle Brescia, le Mantouan, Ferrare et la Romagne s'unirent plus tard.

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