Grand Conseil des Cris

Logo du Grand Conseil

Le Grand Conseil des Cris (GCC), Eeyou Istchee en cri, représente et gouverne neuf communautés cries du Nord-du-Québec au Canada. Les élus du Grand Conseil des Cris sont les mêmes que ceux du Gouvernement de la nation crie. Depuis 2017, une Entente sur la gouvernance de la Nation crie signée entre le gouvernement du Canada et les Cris d'Eeyou Istchee garantit à ces derniers l'autonomie gouvernementale et un gouvernement responsable.

Histoire

Le Grand Conseil des Cris a été créé en 1974 pendant les négociations au sujet de la réalisation du projet hydroélectrique de la Baie-James. Lors de l'annonce par le gouvernement du Québec de son intention de développer le potentiel hydraulique des rivières de la région de la Baie-James, en , les Cris (Eeyouch en cri) de la région étaient gouvernés par des structures politiques traditionnelles locales. Les structures des huit villages cris étaient axées sur l'exploitation de la faune (la chasse, la pêche et le piégeage). Les terres étaient partagées en territoires familiaux dirigés par un maître-trappeur (Outchimau en cri).

De 1971 à 1974, les Cris du Québec participaient à l'Association des Indiens du Québec et, à ce titre, ont joué un rôle clé dans l'opposition des autochtones du Québec au Projet de la Baie-James. Avant le mois de , le gouvernement du Québec et Hydro-Québec envisageaient deux projets distincts. Un projet était centré sur la Grande Rivière dans le Nord et devait affecter directement le village et les territoires de chasse de Fort George. L'autre projet, le Complexe Nottaway-Broadback-Rupert (NBR), était centré sur les rivières méridionales de la région où se trouvent la plupart des villages cris de la région.

Le Grand Conseil des Cris représentait les Cris du Québec lors des négociations avec le gouvernement du Québec et le gouvernement du Canada sur la réalisation du projet hydro-électrique et sur la reconnaissance de leur droit, en tant qu'autochtones, sur les terres de la région de la Baie-James. C'est aussi le Grand Conseil qui a signé en la Convention de la Baie-James et du Nord québécois.

Communautés

La Grand Conseil des cris rassemble neuf communautés[1] :

  1. Chisasibi
  2. Eastmain
  3. Mistissini
  4. Nemaska
  5. Oujé-Bougoumou
  6. Waskaganish
  7. Whapmagoostui
  8. Waswanipi
  9. Wemindji

Grand Chef

Notes et références

  1. ↑ (en) « Communities », sur Grand Council of the Crees (consulté le ).
  2. ↑ « Mandy Gull-Masty, première femme élue grande cheffe des Cris du Québec », sur Radio-Canada, (consulté le )

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