Acide xénonucléique

Page d’aide sur l’homonymie

Pour les articles homonymes, voir AXN.

Le glycérol est une alternative au désoxyribose dans l'ADN

Un acide xénonucléique (AXN) est un polymère synthétique, porteur d'information géne glyceétique et permettant sa prolifération et son expression selon les mêmes principes que les acides nucléiques.

Le stockage et la gestion génétiques chez les êtres vivants reposent sur seulement deux polymères nucléiques, l'ADN et l'ARN.

Une première découverte[1] publiée en montre que les informations génétiques peuvent être portées par un polymère nucléique constitué de bases différentes. Cette découverte a permis de fabriquer une bactérie Escherichia coli dans laquelle la thymine de son ADN est remplacée par le 5-chloro-uracile, une molécule toxique pour les êtres vivants (les trois autres bases, adénine, guanine et cytosine, restant les mêmes que celles de l'ADN).

Une seconde découverte[2] publiée en montre que des informations génétiques peuvent être portées par six polymères génétiques non-naturels, basés sur des structures simples de type nucléique. On les appelle des acides xénonucléiques (abrégés en AXN). Il est également possible de réaliser des aptamères d'acides xénonucléiques capables de se lier à leur cible AXN avec une grande affinité et de manière tout à fait spécifique. Cette découverte majeure démontre qu'il est possible de construire un nouveau génie génétique capable d'une évolution de type darwinien, qui échapperaient par là aux seuls procédés du laboratoire.

Fin 2014[3], des acides nucléiques artificiels ont été créés ; ces nouveaux acides nucléiques sont capables d'activité enzymatique analogue à celle de l'ARN, et ils peuvent en outre catalyser des réactions chimiques sur de l'ARN naturel.

Références

  1. ↑ (en) Philippe Marlière, Julien Patrouix, Volker Döring, Piet Herdewijn, Sabine Tricot, Stéphane Cruveiller, Madeleine Bouzon et Rupert Mutzel, « Chemical Evolution of a Bacterium’s Genome », Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol. 50, no 31,‎ , p. 7109–7114 (DOI 10.1002/anie.201100535, résumé)
  2. ↑ (en) Vitor B. Pinheiro, Alexander I. Taylor, Christopher Cozens, Mikhail Abramov, Marleen Renders, Su Zhang, John C. Chaput, Jesper Wenge, Sew-Yeu Peak-Chew, Stephen H. McLaughlin et Piet Herdewijn, « Synthetic Genetic Polymers Capable of Heredity and Evolution », Science, vol. 336, no 6079,‎ , p. 341–344 (DOI 10.1126/science.1217622)
  3. ↑ « Quand la biologie de synthèse suggère d’autres voies chimiques possibles aux origines de la vie », sur CNRS, (consulté le ).

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

v · m
Bases nucléiques
Nucléosides
Ribonucléosides
Désoxyribonucléosides
Nucléosides modifiés
Nucléotides
Ribonucléotides
Désoxyribonucléotides
Acides nucléiques
Analogues
non ribosidiques
Vecteurs de clonage
v · m
Introduction à la génétique
Transcription
Régulation de la transcription
Régulation post-transcriptionnelle
Traduction
Régulation de la traduction
Régulation post-traductionnelle
Contrôle épigénétique

Read other articles:

Pembakaran salib

Para anggota Ku Klux Klan membakar salib pada 2005 Pembakaran salib atau penyalaan salib adalah sebuah praktik yang banyak dikaitkan dengan Ku Klux Klan, meskipun praktiknya dalam sejarah telah ada sejak lama sebelum pembentukan Klan–seperti Petrus dari Bruys (1117–1131). Pada awal abad ke-20, Klan membakar salib-salib di sisi bukit atau dekat rumah orang yang mereka harap terintimidasi. Lambang Ku Klux Klan Salib-salib dibakar pada pemboikotan bus Tallahassee tahun 1956.[1] Refer...

 

Crime Boss (film)

1972 filmCrime BossDirected byAlberto De MartinoScreenplay by Lucio Manlio Battistrada Alberto De Martino[1] Story by Lucio Manlio Battisrada Luigi Mordini[1] Produced byGino Mordini[1]Starring Antonio Sabàto Telly Savalas Paola Tedesco CinematographyAristide Massaccesi[1]Edited byOtello Colangeli[1]Music byFrancesco De Masi[1]ProductioncompanyClaudia Cinematografica[1]Distributed byP.A.C.Release date 8 August 1972 (1972-...

 

Suara Karya

Suara KaryaSuara Rakyat MembangunTipeSurat kabar harianPenerbitPT Suara Rakyat MembangunDidirikan11 Maret 1971Pandangan politikPartai Golongan KaryaBahasaIndonesiaSitus webwww.suarakarya.idArsip daring gratisE-PAPER Suara Karya Suara Karya adalah surat kabar harian di Indonesia yang diterbitkan oleh PT Suara Rakyat Membangun sejak 11 Maret 1971. Surat kabar ini merupakan salah satu corong media Partai Golongan Karya.[1] Pranala luar Situs resmi E-PAPER Suara Karya Diarsipkan 2015-09-3...

العلاقات الأرمينية النمساوية

العلاقات الأرمينية النمساوية أرمينيا النمسا   أرمينيا   النمسا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الأرمينية النمساوية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين أرمينيا والنمسا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقا...

 

Columbia Records

American record label Not to be confused with Columbia Record. This article is about the American record label active worldwide. For the former record company owned by EMI, see Columbia Graphophone Company. For the Japanese record label, see Nippon Columbia. Columbia RecordsLogo since 1999Parent companyColumbia Graphophone Company(October 5, 1925 (1925-10-05) – March 31, 1931 (1931-03-31))Grigsby-Grunow Company (December 1931 (1931-12) – May 19...

 

Order of Katonga

AwardOrder of KatongaTypeSingle grade OrderAwarded for'extraordinary heroism in the army'Presented byUgandaStatusCurrently constitutedFirst awarded2004Total2Total awarded posthumously1Ribbon bar PrecedenceNext (higher)NoneNext (lower)Kabalega Star The Order of Katonga (Swahili: Nishani ya Katonga) is the highest military decoration of the Ugandan Honours System. It is a very rare award that recognises its recipients for extraordinary heroism.[1] History The order is named af...

Auguste Herbin

French painter (1882–1960) Auguste HerbinAuguste Herbin in Pablo Picasso's studio, Boulevard de Clichy, early 1911Born(1882-04-29)29 April 1882Quiévy, NordDied31 January 1960(1960-01-31) (aged 77)ParisNationalityFrenchEducationÉcole des Beaux-Arts de LilleKnown forPainting, printmaking, sculpture, drawing, collageMovementPost-Impressionism, Cubism, Abstract art Auguste Herbin (29 April 1882 – 31 January 1960) was a French painter of modern art. He is best known for his Cubist ...

 

Education in Georgia (U.S. state)

See also: List of colleges and universities in Georgia (U.S. state), List of schools in Georgia (U.S. state), and List of school districts in Georgia (U.S. state) This article's factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (January 2018) Georgia Tech's Tech Tower Anderson Hall at Savannah College of Art and Design This article is part of a series onEducation in theUnited States Summ...

 

Royal family

Family of a monarchThis article is about the monarchy-related concept. For other uses, see Royal family (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Royal Household. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Royal family – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2008) (Learn how and when to remo...

Kedungwuni, Pekalongan

KedungwuniKecamatanPeta lokasi Kecamatan KedungwuniNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa TengahKabupatenPekalonganPemerintahan • CamatImam Nasa'iPopulasi • Total93,544 jiwa (2.012) jiwaKode Kemendagri33.26.13 Kode BPS3326130 Luas22,93 km²Desa/kelurahan16 desa4 kelurahan Kedungwuni (bahasa Jawa: ꦏꦼꦝꦸꦁꦮꦸꦤꦶ, translit. Kedhungwuni) adalah sebuah kecamatan di Kabupaten Pekalongan, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Kecamatan ini berjarak sekitar 13 Km ...

 

List of Tampa Bay Buccaneers starting quarterbacks

These quarterbacks have started at least one game for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League. They are listed in order of the date of each player's first start at quarterback for the Buccaneers. Through the 2023 season, the Buccaneers have had 40 different starting quarterbacks since their inaugural season in 1976. Regular season Tom Brady (2020–2022) Jameis Winston (2015–2019) Josh Freeman (2009–2013) Ryan Fitzpatrick (2017–2018) Brad Johnson (2001–2004) Vinny Te...

 

National Institute for Nanotechnology

Canadian research institution NINT redirects here. For the “Nederlands Instituut voor Nijverheid en Techniek” (NINT), see NEMO (museum). Not to be confused with the U.S. government program National Nanotechnology Initiative. Nanotechnology Research Centre, Edmonton Alberta The National Research Council of Canada Nanotechnology Research Centre (formerly National Institute for Nanotechnology)[citation needed] is a research institution located on the University of Alberta main campus...

College Football Hall of Fame

College sports hall of fame in Atlanta, GeorgiaCollege Football Hall of FameThe College Football Hall of Fame in AtlantaEstablishedAugust 23, 2014Location250 Marietta St. NWAtlanta, Georgia 30313Coordinates33°45′35″N 84°23′42″W / 33.75972°N 84.39500°W / 33.75972; -84.39500TypeCollege sports hall of fameVisitors250,000CEOKimberly BeaudinCuratorDenis CrawfordWebsitewww.cfbhall.com The College Football Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and interactive attraction...

 

Israeli Network

International television network This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Israeli Network – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Television channel Israeli NetworkCountryIsraelBroadcast areaIsraelNorth AmericaEuropeAfricaOwnershipOwnerprivateHistoryLaun...

 

Поплавский (Самарская область)

У этого топонима есть и другие значения, см. Поплавский. ПосёлокПоплавский 52°58′52″ с. ш. 50°50′07″ в. д.HGЯO Страна  Россия Субъект Федерации Самарская область Муниципальный район Кинельский Сельское поселение Красносамарское История и география Часовой пояс UT...

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk

English nobleman and statesman This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (December 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Not to be confused with Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk. His GraceThe Duke of NorfolkKG PC1907 copy of a contemporary depictionLord High TreasurerIn office16 June 1501 – 4 De...

 

Scene graph

Form of data structure Architecture of OpenSceneGraph, an open-source 3D graphics API supporting feature-rich and widely adopted scene graph implementation. A scene graph is a general data structure commonly used by vector-based graphics editing applications and modern computer games, which arranges the logical and often spatial representation of a graphical scene. It is a collection of nodes in a graph or tree structure. A tree node may have many children but only a single parent, with the e...

 

Melvin T. Mason

American politician Melvin T. MasonMason in 2019Born (1943-01-07) January 7, 1943 (age 81)Providence, Kentucky, U.S.Occupation(s)Civil rights activist, social workerKnown for1984 presidential candidacy (SWP)MovementCivil Rights MovementSpouseRegina Mason Melvin T. Mason (born January 7, 1943) is an American politician who ran as Socialist Workers Party candidate for President of the United States in the 1984 United States presidential election.[1][2][3] Early...

Феминизм

Запрос «Женский вопрос» перенаправляется сюда. На эту тему нужно создать отдельную статью.Символ феминистского движения — сжатый кулак (символ борьбы и сопротивления), заключённый в зеркало Венеры (символ женщины). Лиловый цвет фона — традиционный цвет феминизма �...

 

Robert W. Hunt

Robert Woolston HuntBorn(1838-12-09)December 9, 1838Fallsington, PennsylvaniaDiedJuly 11, 1923 (1923-07-12) (aged 84)Chicago, IllinoisNationalityAmericanOccupationEngineerSpouseEleanor ClarkParent(s)Robert A. HuntMartha Lancaster WoolstonAwardsJohn Fritz Medal (1912) Robert Woolston Hunt (December 9, 1838 – July 11, 1923) was an American metallurgical engineer, inventor, and superintendent in the steel industry. He is known as president of the American Institute of Mining Enginee...