Abaga (dialecte)

Abaga
Pays Chine
Région Mongolie-Intérieure
Classification par famille
Codes de langue
IETF mvf[1]
ISO 639-3 mvf [1]

L'abaga (en mongol littéraire, abaγ-a ded aman ayalγu) est un dialecte mongol parlé dans la bannière d'Abag située en Mongolie-Intérieure, en Chine.

Phonologie

Voyelles

Antérieure Centrale Postérieure
Fermée i [i] ʊ [ʊ] u [u]
Moyenne e [e] o [o]
Ouverte a [ɑ] ɔ [ɔ]

Les voyelles de l'abaga peuvent toutes être longues.

Consonnes

    Bilabiale Dentale Latérale Palatale Vélaire
Occlusives Sourdes b [b̥] d [d̥]
Aspirées p [] t []
Fricatives s [s] ʃ [ʃ] x [x]
Affriquées Sourdes dz [d̥͡z̥] [d̥͡ʒ̥]
Aspirée ts [t͡sʰ] [t͡ʃʰ]
Nasales m [m] n [n]   ŋ [ŋ]
Liquides r [r] l [l]
Semi-voyelles j [j]

Palatalisation

Certaines consonnes sont palatalisées devant un ancien [i]:

anʲaː, adresse de politesse aux plus âgés, mongol littéraire: aniy-a
ɛmʲ, vie, mongol littéraire: ami
xɔlʲmɔg ~ xœlʲmɔg, mêlé, mongol littéraire: qolimaγ
tʃʊlʊːtɛː, pierreux, mongol littéraire: čilaγu-tai

L'abaga a les affriquées [ts] et [dz], comme le khalkha de Mongolie. Les affriquées palatales sont issues de la palatalisation. La sourde [ts] est voisée à l'initiale, quand la deuxième syllabe commence par une fricative où une affriquée.

dzɑs, neige, - mongol littéraire: časun
tsɑrtsɑːxɑi, sauterelle, mongol littéraire: čarčaqai

Notes et références

  1. a et b Code générique du mongol de Mongolie-Intérieure.

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

  • (mvf) San Yüwè, Abaγ-a-yin yariyan-u ončaliγ, Mongγol Kele Bičig 2002:7, p. 16-21.

Liens externes

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