Villeneuve-Saint-Georges

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Commune
The town hall of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
The town hall of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Coat of arms of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Coat of arms
Paris and inner ring departments
Paris and inner ring departments
Location of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Map
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is located in France
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is located in Île-de-France (region)
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Coordinates: 48°43′57″N 2°26′59″E / 48.7325°N 2.4497°E / 48.7325; 2.4497
CountryFrance
RegionÎle-de-France
DepartmentVal-de-Marne
ArrondissementL'Haÿ-les-Roses
CantonVilleneuve-Saint-Georges and Choisy-le-Roi
IntercommunalityGrand Paris
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Philippe Gaudin[1]
Area
1
8.75 km2 (3.38 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
35,492
 • Density4,100/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
94078 /94190
Elevation30–93 m (98–305 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges (French pronunciation: [vilnœv sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ] ⓘ) is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 15.5 kilometres (9.6 miles) from the centre of Paris. People from Villeneuve-Saint-Georges are called Villeneuvois in French.

Aerial view of Villeneuve-Saint-Georges

History

Prehistory and Antiquity

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was settled during the Paleolithic and the Neolithic ages at the meeting of the Yerres and the Seine rivers, as well at Triage, with evidence from archeological remains found by Francis Martin in the 19th century, which includes flints and some stone tools.

After the battle of Melun during the Roman Empire, the area was integrated into the Roman Empire. A small town was built around the area, with the name of Villa Nova (Latin for new house).[3]

Middle Ages

In the Middle Ages, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges was a possession of the abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. The addition of "Saint-Georges" in the name of the commune was after the remains of Saint George was brought back in AD 858. The strategic position on the road between Paris towards the cities of Melun, Clermont-Ferrand and Lyon made it a transport hub and wan regularly visited and traversed by kings and dukes. The importance of the towns led it to be plundered, raided and besieged many times, including during the Hundred Years' War.

The city mostly relied on farming and wine-making for income.

Renaissance and Modern Times

During the Siege of Paris in 1590, Captain Saint-Paul forced his way into Villeneuve-Saint-Georges and killed the 200-300 men under the name of Henry IV of France who were garrisoned there, whilst delivering food and assistance to the besieged people in Paris.

During the modern times, Villeneuve became a bourgeois city. Mansions, like the castles of Beauregard and Bellevue were built in the area, and people of the higher classes visited Villeneuve, like Henry IV of France, Catherine de' Medici and Mme of Sévigné.

In 1652, The Prince of Condé rebelled, and Charles IV sent Turenne to confront him. A battle took place between them in the area.

Revolution and the 19th Century

During the Revolution, the national guard was created and the church was looted. Shortly after that Villeneuve became a quiet town again. Many people came to live in Villeneuve, including composers (Boieldieu), painters (Francesco Casanova, Karl Joseph Kuwasseg) naturalists (Charles Athanase Walckenaer), ministers (Victor Duruy), ceramists (Jean-Paul Louis Chesnel-Larossière), and ambassadors (Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini). Many personalities, such as Napoleon, Joachim Murat and Prince Eugène, also stopped in Villeneuve. In 1876, Fort Villeneuve was built to protect Paris in anticipation of a future war. The establishment of the railway in 1847 transformed the city, with the agricultural village very quickly became a working-class town.

20th Century

The front gate of Villeneuve Saint Georges station, flooded during the 1910 Great Flood of Paris.

On the eve of the First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges had more than 10,000 inhabitants. It was the first railway town in the country with the largest sorting in Europe. The Foyer and HBM sets were built at this time.

On 30 July 1908, following the calls for a 24-hour general strike launched by the General Confederation of Labour to demand a 10-hour day, weekly rest, a salary increase and the end of Piece work, thousands of demonstrators gathered in Vigneux-sur-Seine and Draveil, then converged in the town where a violent confrontation took place between the National Gendarmerie and the workers. The result fight left four dead and more than 200 injured among the workers, and 69 injured on the side of the forces of order. A local odonym (“Place du 30-Juillet-1908”) recalls these events. The next day, Georges Clemenceau ordered the arrest of thirty leaders of the CGT, including its general secretary Victor Griffuelhes, to neutralize the union.

A painting by Théodore Rousseau, titled La Seine à Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, which was in the Palais des Beaux-Arts in Lille was destroyed in 1916.[4]

La Seine à Villeneuve-Saint-Georges
Théodore Rousseau (1812-1867)

During the First World War, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges hosted the 232nd Territorial Infantry Regiment (normally quartered in Argentan). The school hospital becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Military Wounded Relief Society (HASSBM) No.42, while the Ferry School Group becomes the Auxiliary Hospital of the Ladies of France Association (HAADF) No.248.

After the introduction of paid leave, at the time of the great departures on vacation, a derailment on 30 July 1937 left twenty-nine dead and one hundred and eleven injured at the junction between the Brunoy and Corbeil lines.

During the Second World War, the city was bombarded by Allied aircraft because the Wehrmacht used the railway installations. Many Resistance fighters are also killed after the “Triage sabotage”. After these events, a new demographic surge saw the construction of large housing estates in the North part of Villeneuve.

On 1 January 1968 Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, which until then had been part of the department of Seine-et-Oise, became one of the municipalities of the new Val-de-Marne.

21st Century

The town, compared to the rest of Val-de-Marne, is perceived as noisy and undesirable place to go. It has lost its charm during the 18th and 19th centuries, and starting from 1980 workers have deserted the city, leaving a mostly immigrant population, most from the Maghreb and Subsaharan Africa.

The Route Nationale 6 cuts through the commune and runs parallel to the RER line, producing much noise. The N6 is also famous for having long traffic jams at the junction between the N6, N406 and the A86 Ring road.

Transport

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is served by two stations on Paris RER line D: Villeneuve-Triage and Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. It is also the site of the 170 ha (420 acres) Villeneuve-Saint-Georges marshalling yard.

Demography

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 1,088—    
1800 939−2.08%
1806 964+0.44%
1821 953−0.08%
1831 1,090+1.35%
1836 1,083−0.13%
1841 1,035−0.90%
1846 1,071+0.69%
1851 1,069−0.04%
1856 1,031−0.72%
1861 1,069+0.73%
1866 1,758+10.46%
1872 1,627−1.28%
1876 2,262+8.59%
1881 2,588+2.73%
1886 4,315+10.77%
1891 5,193+3.77%
1896 6,485+4.54%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 8,178+4.75%
1906 9,661+3.39%
1911 11,393+3.35%
1921 14,034+2.11%
1926 16,477+3.26%
1931 19,625+3.56%
1936 21,237+1.59%
1946 18,299−1.48%
1954 21,596+2.09%
1962 28,091+3.34%
1968 30,467+1.36%
1975 31,664+0.55%
1982 28,119−1.68%
1990 26,952−0.53%
1999 28,361+0.57%
2007 30,609+0.96%
2012 32,994+1.51%
2017 33,545+0.33%
Source: EHESS[5] and INSEE (1968-2017)[6]

Education

The commune is served by multiple primary schools.[7]

Secondary schools:[8]

  • Three junior high schools: Collège Pierre-Brossolette, Collège Jules-Ferry, Collège Roland-Garros
  • One senior high school: Lycée François Arago

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Villeneuve-Saint-Georges is twinned with:[9]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ Carte archéologique de la Gaule (English: Archeologic Map of Gaul), Val-de-Marne, François Naudet pages 145 to 149
  4. ^ La Seine, Th. Rousseau
  5. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, EHESS (in French).
  6. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  7. ^ "Écoles maternelles et élémentaires." Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. Retrieved on September 11, 2016.
  8. ^ "Enseignement secondaire & supérieur Les établissements." Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. Retrieved on September 11, 2016.
  9. ^ "Chiffres-clés". villeneuve-saint-georges.fr (in French). Villeneuve-Saint-Georges. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
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