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May 1947
May 1, 1947 (Thursday)
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May 1947
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The following events occurred in
May 1947
:
May 1
, 1947 (Thursday)
Portella della Ginestra massacre
: 11 people were killed and 27 wounded during
May Day
celebrations in
Sicily
. The attack was attributed to the bandit and separatist leader
Salvatore Giuliano
.
Singapore Airlines
was founded.
Died:
Evelyn McHale
, 23, American bookkeeper, committed suicide by jumping off the
Empire State Building
. Minutes after her death a famous photograph was taken of her peaceful-looking body, referred to as "the most beautiful suicide".
Jack Malone
, 34, former Australian
rugby union
international, was killed on duty as a police constable in a motorcycle accident.
[1]
May 2
, 1947 (Friday)
A fistfight broke out in the Italian
Chamber of Deputies
over who was to blame for the Portella della Ginestra massacre.
[2]
New York City
concluded a three-week campaign against
smallpox
after dispensing six million vaccinations.
[3]
The comedy-drama film
Miracle on 34th Street
starring
Maureen O'Hara
and
John Payne
was released.
Died:
Dorothea Binz
, 27, German SS supervisor at
Ravensbrück concentration camp
(executed by hanging);
William Moulton Marston
, 53, American psychologist and comic book writer who created the character
Wonder Woman
May 3
, 1947 (Saturday)
The
Constitution of Japan
went into effect, replacing the old
Meiji Constitution
.
Jet Pilot
won the
Kentucky Derby
.
[4]
Bradford Northern
defeated
Leeds
8-4 to win the
Challenge Cup
of rugby before 77,605 at
Wembley Stadium
.
[5]
Born:
Richard Jenkins
, actor, in
DeKalb, Illinois
May 4
, 1947 (Sunday)
The
Acre Prison break
occurred in
Acre, Palestine
when the
Irgun
broke through the prison's walls and freed 28 incarcerated Irgun and
Lehi
members.
Born:
Theda Skocpol
, sociologist and political scientist, in
Detroit
,
Michigan
May 5
, 1947 (Monday)
May 1947 crises
: French Prime Minister
Paul Ramadier
dismissed all five Communists in his cabinet because they had voted against him in a confidence motion, leaving no Communist membership in the coalition government for the first time since liberation.
[6]
The 1947
Pulitzer Prizes
were announced.
Arnold Hardy
became the first amateur to win a Pulitzer when he was named in
Photography
for his picture capturing a woman falling from Atlanta's
Winecoff Hotel
during the
disastrous fire
there on December 7, 1946. Other winners included
Brooks Atkinson
of
The New York Times
for
Correspondence
and
Robert Penn Warren
in the
Fiction
category for his novel
All the King's Men
.
[7]
The United States Supreme Court decided
Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp.
.
May 6
, 1947 (Tuesday)
The war crimes trial of
Albert Kesselring
ended in a death sentence.
[8]
Born:
Martha Nussbaum
, philosopher, in
New York City
May 7
, 1947 (Wednesday)
Nine miners died in a pit explosion at
Barnsley
, England.
[9]
The TV anthology series
Kraft Television Theatre
premiered on
NBC
.
May 8
, 1947 (Thursday)
The
House Un-American Activities Committee
chaired by
J. Parnell Thomas
convened in Hollywood to investigate allegations of communism in the film industry.
[10]
National League
President
Ford C. Frick
reported that the
St. Louis Cardinals
management had put down a players' strike protesting
Jackie Robinson
being allowed to play in the major leagues. Cardinals players denied the incident had occurred.
[3]
Born:
H. Robert Horvitz
, Nobel prize winning biologist, in
Chicago
, Illinois
Died:
Harry Gordon Selfridge
, 89, American retail magnate and founder of the
Selfridges
department store chain
May 9
, 1947 (Friday)
Over 100,000 trade unionists in
Hamburg
, Germany and their supporters gathered to protest food shortages in the British-occupied zone. The population of the city was only receiving about 800 calories of food per day instead of the prescribed 1500.
[11]
The
Brooklyn Dodgers
paid their first visit of the season to
Shibe Park
in Philadelphia. To make amends for the negative publicity generated by the racist taunting incident of April 22,
Phillies
manager
Ben Chapman
was coaxed into standing next to
Jackie Robinson
for a photograph in which both men posed stiffly while holding the same bat.
[12]
[13]
Died:
Willie Francis
, 18, American convicted murderer who survived a failed execution by electric chair on May 3, 1946 (executed by electric chair)
May 10
, 1947 (Saturday)
Twelve German generals, including
Wilhelm List
and
Maximilian von Weichs
, were indicted at
Nuremberg
on charges of war crimes.
[14]
Faultless
won the
Preakness Stakes
.
[15]
May 11
, 1947 (Sunday)
The
B.F. Goodrich
company announced the development of the
tubeless tire
, a technological innovation that would make automobiles safer and more efficient.
[16]
Born:
Walter Selke
, theoretical physicist, in
Hanover
, Germany (d. 2023)
May 12
, 1947 (Monday)
Syrian delegate to the United Nations
Fares al-Khoury
told the General Assembly's Political Committee that Zionism was a "fatal dream" and that the Arabs "will never permit it to succeed."
[17]
Born:
Michael Ignatieff
, author, academic and politician, in
Toronto
, Canada
May 13
, 1947 (Tuesday)
Chinese Communist forces initiated the
Summer Offensive of 1947 in Northeast China
.
By a vote of 68–24, the US Senate passed the
Taft-Hartley Bill
, revising the
National Labor Relations Act of 1935
. The bill outlawed
closed shop
and
jurisdictional strikes
, among other union practices.
[18]
Francoist Spain
was kicked out of the
International Civil Aviation Organization
, in accordance with a recommendation from the United Nations General Assembly that Spain be debarred from membership in international agencies affiliated with the UN.
[19]
Born:
Stephen R. Donaldson
, fantasy novelist, in
Cleveland
, Ohio
Died:
Sukanta Bhattacharya
, 20, Benghali poet and playwright (tuberculosis)
May 14
, 1947 (Wednesday)
A "united Europe" meeting was held at the
Royal Albert Hall
in London.
Winston Churchill
spoke in favour of a European union and urged Britain and France to take the lead in restoring Germany's economy before the German people "turn their thoughts to revolt and revenge."
[20]
The
Parliament of Canada
repealed the
Chinese Immigration Act of 1923
, which had banned most forms of Chinese immigration to Canada.
[21]
Died:
John R. Sinnock
, 58, eighth Chief Engraver of the United States Mint
May 15
, 1947 (Thursday)
The United Nations General Assembly formally established
an 11-nation committee of inquiry
into the Palestine question. Palestinians were urged to refrain from violence pending a decision in autumn 1947.
[14]
15th century Swiss hermit and ascetic
Nicholas of Flüe
was canonized as a saint by
Pope Pius XII
.
[22]
May 16
, 1947 (Friday)
General elections
were held in the
Dominican Republic
. For the first time since 1924 there was more than one presidential candidate, but the incumbent
Rafael Trujillo
remained in power after claiming 93% of the vote.
Three days after booting Spain, the
International Civil Aviation Organization
unanimously voted to accept
Italy
to its membership.
[23]
Died:
Frederick Gowland Hopkins
, 85, English biochemist and Nobel laureate;
Kalle Hakala
, 67, Finnish politician;
Zhang Lingfu
, 43, Chinese general of the
National Revolutionary Army
(killed in action during
Menglianggu campaign
)
May 17
, 1947 (Saturday)
Japanese Finance Minister
Tanzan Ishibashi
, Justice Minister Tokutaro Kimura and Commerce and Industry Minister Mitsujirō Ishii were purged from cabinet and forbidden any further political activity because of their roles in the time of the Empire.
[24]
Died:
George Forbes
, 78, Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1930 to 1935;
Seabiscuit
, 13, American champion Thoroughbred racehorse
May 18
, 1947 (Sunday)
The American Association of Scientific Workers issued a 40,000-word technical summary warning that the United States would be especially vulnerable to biological warfare.
[14]
Wrigley Field
in Chicago recorded the largest regular season paid attendance in its history when 46,572 people came out to see
Jackie Robinson
make his first appearance at the ballpark for the
Brooklyn Dodgers
against the
Cubs
(A Ladies Day at Wrigley in 1930 had recorded an attendance of 51,556, but that was not the paid attendance record since women got in free.) Robinson went 0-for-4 but the Dodgers won, 4–2.
[25]
Died:
Hal Chase
, 64, American baseball player;
Edmund FitzAlan-Howard, 1st Viscount FitzAlan of Derwent
, 91, British politician;
Lucile Gleason
, 59, American actress
May 19
, 1947 (Monday)
Italy
formally applied for UN membership.
[26]
The US Supreme Court decided
Craig v. Harney
, ruling 6–3 that news stories criticizing a trial judge did not constitute
contempt of court
, thus setting aside the convictions of three Texas newspapermen.
[27]
[14]
BJK İnönü Stadium
opened in
Istanbul
, Turkey.
Born:
Paul Brady
, singer-songwriter, in
Strabane
,
Northern Ireland
May 20
, 1947 (Tuesday)
The
Viet Minh
announced the execution of
Hòa Hảo
leader
Huỳnh Phú Sổ
.
[28]
The US telephone operators' strike ended after six weeks when the last remaining strikers agreed to a two-year, no-strike contract with an average wage increase of 11½ cents an hour.
[29]
Died:
Bruno Bräuer
, 54, German paratrooper (executed by firing squad in Greece for war crimes);
Philipp Lenard
, 84, German physicist and Nobel laureate;
Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller
, 49, German general (executed by firing squad in Greece for war crimes)
May 21
, 1947 (Wednesday)
In
Greenville, South Carolina
, a case that drew national attention came to an end when 28 men charged with murder and conspiracy in the February 17
lynching of Willie Earle
, an African-American man, were acquitted by an all-white jury. Pandemonium broke out on the floor of the courtroom, but once order was restored Judge J. Robert Martin expressed displeasure with the verdict by leaving without the customary courtesy of thanking the jury for their service.
[30]
[31]
May 22
, 1947 (Thursday)
President
Harry S. Truman
signed the
Truman Doctrine
into law, granting $400 million in aid to stabilize the Turkish and Greek governments in an effort to contain communism.
[32]
The USA's first guided ballistic missile, the 45-foot long
Corporal
, was first fired.
[33]
May 23
, 1947 (Friday)
The British cabinet agreed to Viceroy
Mountbatten
's plan to
partition India into two states
, one Muslim and one Hindu.
[9]
Aerobatics pilot
Thea Rasche
was cleared by a German
denazification
court. Rasche admitted to holding a Nazi Party membership card since 1933, but her flying comrades testified that she had only been a nominal member and that she had a reputation among German sportsmen as an anti-Nazi.
[34]
Born:
Ken Westerfield
, pioneering Frisbee player, in
Detroit
, Michigan
Died:
Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz
, 68, Swiss writer
May 24
, 1947 (Saturday)
Tetsu Katayama
replaced
Shigeru Yoshida
as Prime Minister of Japan.
Born:
Maude Barlow
, author, in
Toronto
, Canada
May 25
, 1947 (Sunday)
Finland
announced that it planned to experiment with Soviet-style
collective farming
.
[9]
13,000 coal miners of the
Dominion Steel and Coal Corporation
in
Nova Scotia
, Canada ended a 99-day strike pending a final settlement that would give them a $1 per day wage increase.
[35]
May 26
, 1947 (Monday)
Leonardo Argüello Barreto
was ousted from the presidency of Nicaragua in a bloodless coup initiated by units of the
Nicaraguan National Guard
.
[36]
Moscow radio announced that the
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
had abolished
capital punishment
.
[37]
Born:
Darrell Evans
, baseball player, in
Pasadena, California
;
Glenn Turner
, cricketer, in
Dunedin
,
New Zealand
May 27
, 1947 (Tuesday)
22 Germans convicted of atrocities at
Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp
were hanged at
Landsberg Prison
.
[38]
Born:
Peter DeFazio
, politician, in
Needham, Massachusetts
;
Branko Oblak
, footballer and coach, in
Ljubljana
,
SFR Yugoslavia
Died:
Ed Konetchy
, 61, American baseball player
May 28
, 1947 (Wednesday)
The
House Un-American Activities Committee
ordered an investigation to follow up a sub-committee report that "some of the most flagrant Communist propaganda films were produced as a result of White House pressure."
[39]
Born:
Lynn Johnston
, cartoonist and creator of the comic strip
For Better or For Worse
, in
Collingwood, Ontario
,
Canada
Died:
August Eigruber
, 40, Austrian-born Nazi Gauleiter (hanged at Landsberg Prison)
May 29
, 1947 (Thursday)
Three major plane crashes occurred on the same day.
United Airlines Flight 521
, a
Douglas DC-4
, crashed attempting to take off from
LaGuardia Airport
for Cleveland, killing 43 of the 48 aboard. It was the worst commercial aviation disaster in United States history at the time, although this record only stood for one day. A Douglas DC-4 of the U.S. Army crashed into a mountain near
Atsugi Naval Base
while attempting to land, killing all 40 aboard.
[40]
Finally, a
Flugfélag Íslands
Douglas DC-3
crashed in northern
Iceland
in poor weather, killing all 25 aboard.
[41]
The
Office of Price Administration
was dissolved in the United States.
Born:
Stan Zemanek
, radio broadcaster, in
Sydney
, Australia (died 2007)
Died:
Franz Böhme
, 62, Austrian military officer and Commander-in-Chief in Nazi-occupied Norway (committed suicide in prison in Nuremberg)
May 30
, 1947 (Friday)
Eastern Air Lines Flight 605
: A
Douglas C-54 Skymaster
crashed near
Bainbridge, Maryland
en route from Newark to Miami, killing all 53 aboard. It was the worst commercial aviation disaster in US history.
Died:
Georg von Trapp
, 67, Austro-Hungarian Navy officer and patriarch of the Von Trapp family of
The Sound of Music
fame
Circa May 30, 1947, a German V-2 sounding rocket fired from White Sands Proving Ground veered off course, crashed and exploded on top of a rocky knoll 3.5 miles south of the Juarez, Mexico business district
[42]
May 31
, 1947 (Saturday)
Ferenc Nagy
was ousted as Prime Minister of Hungary while vacationing in Switzerland, under blackmail of being accused as part of an anti-state plot. He was replaced by
Lajos Dinnyés
.
[14]
Phalanx
won the
Belmont Stakes
.
[43]
Died:
Adrienne Ames
, 40, American film actress;
Jimmy Wilson
, 46, American soccer and baseball player
References
^
"CONSTABLE KILLED ON PATROL DUTY"
.
The Canberra Times
. 2 May 1947. Page 2, column 3
. Retrieved
20 April
2024
– via
Trove
.
^
Korman, Seymour (May 3, 1947). "Fight in Italian 'Congress' Over Sicilian Ambush".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago: 6.
^
a
b
Leonard, Thomas M. (1977).
Day By Day: The Forties
. New York: Facts On File, Inc. p. 695.
ISBN
0-87196-375-2
.
^
"Jet Pilot Wins Kentucky Derby in Photo Finish".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago: 1. May 4, 1947.
^
"Challenge Cup 1946/47"
.
Rugby League Project
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
"France Ruled by Coalition, 5 Reds Fired".
Brooklyn Eagle
. Brooklyn: 1. May 5, 1947.
^
"Amateur Wins Photo Honor In Award of Pulitzer Prizes".
The New York Times
: 1. May 6, 1947.
^
Battistelli, Pier Paolo (2012).
Albert Kesselring
. Osprey Publishing. p. 60.
ISBN
9781849087353
.
^
a
b
c
Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989).
Chronicle of the 20th Century
. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 655.
ISBN
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.
^
"Chronomedia: 1947"
.
Terra Media
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
"End Starvation Ration, German Strikers Plead".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago: 6. May 10, 1947.
^
Tracy, Marc (April 14, 2016).
"69 Years Later, Philadelphia Apologizes to Jackie Robinson"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
Robinson, Ray (May 18, 2013).
"Jackie Robinson and a Barrier Unbroken"
.
The New York Times
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
a
b
c
d
e
Yust, Walter, ed. (1948).
1948 Britannica Book of the Year
. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. pp. 6–7.
^
"Faultless Wins Preakness; On Trust 2d".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago: Part 2, p. 1. May 11, 1947.
^
"B.F. Goodrich Co. announces development of tubeless tire"
.
History
.
A&E Networks
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
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Brooklyn Eagle
. Brooklyn: 1. May 12, 1947.
^
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Brooklyn Eagle
. Brooklyn: 1. May 13, 1947.
^
Peaslee, Amos J. (1956).
International Governmental Organizations: Constitutional Documents, Volume 2
. Martinus Nijhoff. p. 72.
^
"Churchill Asks Support for United States of Europe".
Chillicothe Constitution-Tribune
. Chillicothe, Missouri: 8. May 14, 1947.
^
"Today in Canadian History – May 14"
.
Canada Channel
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
Holböck, Ferdinand (2001).
Married Saints and Blesseds: Through the Centuries
. Ignatius Press. p. 294.
ISBN
9780898708431
.
^
"I.C.A.O. Votes Admittance of Italy to Its Membership; Peruvian Delegation Quits".
The Montreal Gazette
: 1. May 17, 1947.
^
"3 Ousted From Cabinet For Jap War-Making Roles".
Brooklyn Eagle
. Brooklyn: 1. May 18, 1947.
^
Heaphy, Leslie A., ed. (2006).
Black Baseball and Chicago
. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 184.
ISBN
9780786426744
.
^
"Italy Goes to U. N. for Membership".
The New York Times
: 4. May 20, 1947.
^
Hindman, Elizabeth Banks (1997).
Rights Vs. Responsibilities: The Supreme Court and the Media
. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p.
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.
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.
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. Greenwood Press. p.
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.
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.
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The New York Times
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.
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December 23,
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.
^
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^
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"May 22, 1947: The Cold War Begins"
.
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. Retrieved
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.
^
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.
^
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. Reno, Nevada: 1. May 23, 1947.
^
"99-Day Strike in Coal Mines is Concluded".
The Montreal Gazette
: 1. May 26, 1947.
^
Leonard, p. 698.
^
"Supreme Soviet of Russia Ends Death Penalty".
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. Chicago: 1. May 27, 1947.
^
"Allies Hang 22 Nazis as War Criminals".
Brooklyn Eagle
. Brooklyn: 1. December 27, 1947.
^
"Probe Ordered of Red Propaganda In Movies at White House Desire".
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: 1. May 29, 1947.
^
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.
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.
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.
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.
^
Remember the time we bombed Mexico with German rockets?
^
"Phalanx Wins Belmont Stakes; Faultless Fifth".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago: Part 2, p. 1. June 1, 1947.
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