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August 1947
August 1, 1947 (Friday)
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August 1947
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The following events occurred in
August 1947
:
August 1
, 1947 (Friday)
Bulgarian leader
Georgi Dimitrov
and Yugoslav leader
Josip Broz Tito
signed the
Bled agreement
, an alliance treaty paving the way for future unification between the states in a new
Balkan Federative Republic
.
Anti-British riots broke out in
Tel Aviv
during a funeral procession for the five Jews killed by British soldiers the previous day.
[1]
Born:
Lorna Goodison
, poet, in
Kingston, Jamaica
August 2
, 1947 (Saturday)
1947 BSAA Avro Lancastrian
Star Dust
accident
: A
British South American Airways
Avro Lancastrian
airliner crashed into Mount
Tupungato
in the Argentine Andes during a flight from Buenos Aires to Santiago, killing all 11 aboard. Due to the remote location of the crash site and the effect of glacial ice, wreckage from the plane was not recovered until 1998.
August 3
, 1947 (Sunday)
The
Nicaraguan Constitutional Assembly election
was held. Only
Anastasio Somoza García
's
Nationalist Liberal Party
ticket offered any candidates, and voter turnout appears to have been so low that official tallies were not even published.
Born:
Colleen Corby
, model, in
Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
Died:
Vic Willis
, 71, American baseball player
August 4
, 1947 (Monday)
Argentina
and
Ireland
established full diplomatic relations.
[2]
The Technicolor comedy film
The Secret Life of Walter Mitty
starring
Danny Kaye
and
Virginia Mayo
was released.
Born:
Hubert Ingraham
, two-time prime minister of the Bahamas, in
Pine Ridge
,
the Bahamas
August 5
, 1947 (Tuesday)
35 Zionist leaders in Palestine were detained for terrorist activities.
[3]
Australia
formally joined the World Bank and
International Monetary Fund
.
[2]
Dutch troops in Indonesia completed
Operation Product
, taking over large parts of
Java
and
Sumatra
from Republican forces.
North Carolina Governor
R. Gregg Cherry
called the failure of a grand jury in
Jackson, North Carolina
to indict seven white men on charges of lynching an African-American a "miscarriage of justice" and said he would order the case reopened.
[4]
Born:
Rick Derringer
, rock guitarist and singer, in
Fort Recovery, Ohio
August 6
, 1947 (Wednesday)
The
UK Treasury
imposed a 75 percent customs duty on the value of imported films under the
Import Duties Act 1932
.
[5]
Howard Hughes
made his first appearance before a senatorial inquiry into wartime contracts and testified that committee chairman
Owen Brewster
had offered to kill the investigation if Hughes would agree to merge
TWA
with
Pan-American Airlines
, which Brewster had part interest in.
[6]
Died:
Alan Sullivan
, 78, Canadian poet and short story author
August 7
, 1947 (Thursday)
After 101 days and 4,300 miles, the raft of the
Kon-Tiki
expedition
led by
Thor Heyerdahl
smashed into a reef at
Raroia
in the
Tuamotus
. Heyerdahl demonstrated that there were no technical reasons preventing South Americans of
pre-Columbian times
from settling Polynesia.
The
Bombay Municipal Corporation
formally took over the
Bombay Electric Supply and Transport
(BEST).
Born:
Franciscus Henri
, musician and children's entertainer, in
The Hague
, Netherlands
August 8
, 1947 (Friday)
The British House of Commons on second reading passed a bill to give the Labour government sweeping powers to deal with Britain's economic crisis. Opposition leader
Winston Churchill
accused the government of seeking a "blank check for totalitarianism."
[4]
Born:
George Costigan
, actor, in
Portsmouth
, England;
José Cruz
, baseball player, in
Arroyo, Puerto Rico
;
Ken Dryden
, ice hockey player and politician, in
Hamilton, Ontario
, Canada
Died:
Anton Denikin
, 74, Russian general
August 9
, 1947 (Saturday)
The
Motion Picture Association of America
suspended all shipments of films to the UK in reaction to the new customs duty.
[5]
"
Smoke! Smoke! Smoke! (That Cigarette)
" by
Tex Williams
hit #1 on the
Billboard
Best Sellers in Stores record chart.
Born:
John Varley
, science fiction author, in
Austin, Texas
August 10
, 1947 (Sunday)
General
Lucius D. Clay
reported the release of the last 8 million German prisoners of war and the complete destruction or conversion of all armaments plants in the US-occupied zone. The United States became the first of the four occupying powers to release all of its German POWs.
[7]
William Odom landed in Chicago after a record 73-hour solo flight around the world in the
Reynolds
Bombshell
, a converted A-26 bomber.
[8]
In
Karachi
, the
Parliament of Pakistan
met for the first time.
[3]
Born:
Ian Anderson
, rock musician (
Jethro Tull
), in
Dunfermline
,
Scotland
;
Drupi
, pop-rock singer, as Giampiero Anelli in
Pavia
,
Italy
;
Anwar Ibrahim
, politician, in
Bukit Mertajam
,
Penang
,
Malayan Union
August 11
, 1947 (Monday)
Senator
Homer S. Ferguson
suddenly called a suspension of the senatorial inquiry into Howard Hughes' war contracts, reportedly due to the bad publicity it was generating. Hughes claimed that the move was a "vindication" of his conduct.
[4]
[8]
Born:
Diether Krebs
, actor, cabaret artist and comedian, in
Essen
, Germany (d. 2000)
Died:
Harry Davis
, 74, American baseball player
August 12
, 1947 (Tuesday)
Huge fires raged in
Lahore
following a full day of arson, killings and other crimes on the eve of the announcement of how the Punjab boundary commission would partition the province. At least 100 people died in the violence.
[9]
The
Philadelphia Chewing Gum Corporation
was formed.
Born:
William Hartston
, chess player, in
London
, England
August 13
, 1947 (Wednesday)
The two-day riot total in
Lahore
rose to over 200 dead.
[10]
General
Lucius D. Clay
testified before the UN Palestine Inquiry Commission in Berlin that the German economy probably could not absorb many displaced persons without causing an increase in anti-Semitism.
[11]
Born:
John Stocker
, voice actor, in
Toronto
, Canada
Died:
Iha Fuyū
, 71, Japanese scholar;
George Godfrey
, 50, American heavyweight boxer
August 14
, 1947 (Thursday)
The
Buchenwald Trial
ended. 22 of the 31 convicted staff members of
Buchenwald concentration camp
received death sentences, five were sentenced to life imprisonment, and the remaining four were given sentences of 10 to 20 years.
[1]
The
Dominion of Pakistan
was formed when the Muslim majority region formed by the
Partition of India
gained independence.
The Technicolor comedy film
Life with Father
starring
William Powell
,
Irene Dunne
and
Elizabeth Taylor
had its world premiere in
Skowhegan, Maine
, the same town where the original play had first been performed eight years earlier.
[12]
Shortly before the stroke of midnight on the eve of India's independence,
Jawaharlal Nehru
delivered the famous
Tryst with Destiny
speech.
Born:
Maddy Prior
, folk singer (
Steeleye Span
), in
Blackpool
, England;
Danielle Steel
, romance novelist, in
New York City
August 15
, 1947 (Friday)
India
became an
independent country
.
Jawaharlal Nehru
became the nation's first prime minister and participated in the official raising of the
Indian flag
in
New Delhi
's War Memorial Square in front of half a million people.
[13]
Liaquat Ali Khan
took office as the 1st
Prime Minister of Pakistan
.
GLEEP
, Britain's first
atomic reactor
, started up at
Harwell
.
[3]
Twenty nations of the Americas gathered in
Petrópolis
, Brazil to draft a new defense pact formalizing the
Act of Chapultepec
.
[14]
Born:
Rakhee Gulzar
, actress, in
Ranaghat
, India
August 16
, 1947 (Saturday)
Nikola Petkov
was sentenced to death on charges of conspiracy against the Bulgarian government.
[4]
Indian Prime Minister Nehru declared in a broadcast that it was "the first and sacred duty of this Government to restore peace and order in the country." Nehru warned that rioting must cease and that his government would spare no one who participated in disorders "whether he be Hindu, Muslim or Sikh."
[15]
Born:
Marc Messier
, actor and filmmaker, in
Granby, Quebec
, Canada;
Carol Moseley Braun
, politician, in
Chicago
,
Illinois
August 17
, 1947 (Sunday)
Soviet authorities in Germany passed their own version of a law already adopted on the American side by declaring an amnesty for all Nazis except important party officials.
[16]
Minister of Overseas France
Marius Moutet
announced that
French India
would become an establishment of five
free cities
within the
French Union
.
[17]
Died:
Wilhelm Uhde
, 72, German art collector, dealer, author and critic
August 18
, 1947 (Monday)
Cádiz Explosion
: at least 147 people were killed and 5,000 injured in
Cádiz
, Spain when munitions in a storage depot exploded for reasons that were never determined.
The
United Nations Security Council
voted unanimously to admit
Yemen
and
Pakistan
to membership.
[18]
The US government called the Petkov sentence a "gross miscarriage of justice" and called on the USSR to pressure the Bulgarian government to suspend the sentence pending review of the case.
[4]
August 19
, 1947 (Tuesday)
A US offer to settle the Indonesian-Netherlands dispute was rejected by Indonesian representative
Sutan Sjahrir
, who renewed his demand that the UN Security Council set up an arbitration commission to settle the matter.
[4]
Born:
Terry Hoeppner
, American college football coach, in
Woodburn, Indiana
(d. 2007);
Gerard Schwarz
, conductor and trumpeter, in
Weehawken, New Jersey
August 20
, 1947 (Wednesday)
The
Doctors' trial
ended in
Nuremberg
. Seven high-ranking medical officials of Nazi Germany, including Hitler's personal physician
Karl Brandt
, were sentenced to death for having been involved in human experimentation and other crimes against humanity.
[1]
President Truman estimated in his annual mid-year review of the US budget that the government would end its 1948 fiscal year June 30 with a record surplus of $4.7 billion, which he asserted would be used to pay down the national debt and provide a reserve against emergencies.
[19]
Died:
Franz Cumont
, 79, Belgian archaeologist and historian;
Max Gaines
, 53?, American comic book publisher and founder of
EC Comics
;
James Harbord
, 81, American general and President and Chairman of the Board of
RCA
August 21
, 1947 (Thursday)
Soviet UN delegate
Andrei Gromyko
vetoed the applications of
Italy
and
Austria
for UN membership, on the grounds that the Italian peace treaty had not yet been ratified and that treaty negotiations with Austria had not yet been started.
[4]
Chile's Chamber of Deputies authorized the government to suspend civil liberties to deal with a wave of Communist-led strikes.
[20]
Died:
Theodore G. Bilbo
, 69, American politician and white supremacist
August 22
, 1947 (Friday)
In
Cairo
, 1 person was killed and 75 injured in clashes between police and 5,000 demonstrators protesting the United States' support for a Brazilian proposal in the UN Security Council to refer Egypt's demand for Britain to leave the Nile valley back to Britain and Egypt for direct negotiations.
[21]
British transport ships with 4,500 refugees from the
SS
Exodus
left Port de Bouc, France and sailed for
Hamburg
after the passengers refused to disembark.
[22]
Born:
Cindy Williams
, actress (
Laverne & Shirley
), in
Van Nuys, Los Angeles
, California (d. 2023)
August 23
, 1947 (Saturday)
Ecuadoran Defense Minister
Carlos Mancheno Cajas
overthrew President
José María Velasco Ibarra
and seized power in a bloodless coup.
[22]
24 people were killed in a suburb of
Berlin
in the Soviet zone when a train burst into flames. It was believed that sparks from the engine ignited reels of film in the carriage while the train was moving.
[23]
Prominent American liberals marked the 20th anniversary of the
Sacco-Vanzetti
execution with a manifesto warning against all forms of tyranny. "The twenty years since that execution night in August 1927," the manifesto read, "have brought upon the world mass slaughter and human suffering on a scale staggering to human reason. In retrospect we now see that the fate of the good shoemaker and the poor fish peddler was an omen of this worldwide tragedy from which the human family has scarcely yet begun to emerge." Signers included
Eleanor Roosevelt
,
Helen Gahagan Douglas
and her husband
Melvyn Douglas
,
Herbert H. Lehman
and
Robert Maynard Hutchins
.
[24]
Born:
Willy Russell
, dramatist, lyricist and composer, in
Whiston
, England
August 24
, 1947 (Sunday)
European officials reported that a large part of the continent was experiencing its worst drought in ten years and that near-famine conditions would exist over the winter if rain did not fall soon. The situation was particularly serious in Germany, which was going through its worst drought in 50 years.
[25]
In Scotland, the first
Edinburgh International Festival
opened at
Usher Hall
.
[5]
Born:
Roger De Vlaeminck
, racing cyclist, in
Eeklo
,
Belgium
August 25
, 1947 (Monday)
A
Douglas D-558-1 Skystreak
set a new air speed record of 650.6 miles per hour at the
U.S. Army air base
in
Muroc, California
.
[26]
Died:
Clark Wissler
, 76, American anthropologist
August 26
, 1947 (Tuesday)
Moscow rejected the American proposal that Nikola Petkov's death sentence be reviewed, calling it "interference" in Bulgarian affairs.
[4]
Born:
Nicolae Dobrin
, footballer, in
Pitești
,
Romania
(d. 2007)
August 27
, 1947 (Wednesday)
The
IG Farben Trial
began in
Nuremberg
. 24
IG Farben
industrialists went on trial for their conduct in Nazi Germany.
The British government ordered "siege economy" measures
rationing
food, motoring and foreign travel.
[4]
Born:
Barbara Bach
, actress and model, as Barbara Goldbach in
Queens
, New York
August 28
, 1947 (Thursday)
Kvitbjørn
disaster
: A
Norwegian Air Lines
Short Sandringham
flying boat crashed into a mountain near
Lødingen
, Norway, killing all 35 aboard.
Ecuador's new dictator Carlos Mancheno abolished the country's 1944 constitution and proclaimed himself president under the 1906 charter with sweeping powers of decree.
[27]
[28]
In the Dutch town of
Beek
, 17,000 karats of cut diamonds worth $2.5 million US that had been taken by the Nazis from Dutch merchants during the occupation were returned to the Netherlands by a heavily armed US convoy.
[29]
Born:
Liza Wang
, actress, in
Chongming County
,
China
August 29
, 1947 (Friday)
Konstantinos Tsaldaris
became
Prime Minister of Greece
for the second time.
Three British transports carrying SS
Exodus
refugees sailed on from
Gibraltar
to
Hamburg
when the passengers maintained their refusal to disembark.
[22]
Born:
Temple Grandin
, professor of animal science and autism spokesperson, in
Boston
,
Massachusetts
Died:
Manolete
, 30, Spanish bullfighter (killed in the arena);
Kōtarō Nakamura
, 66, Japanese general
August 30
, 1947 (Saturday)
About 90 people were killed and 60 injured in a movie theater fire in the
Rueil
district of Paris, France. Police said the blaze was caused by a wire in the second balcony that short-circuited.
[30]
The Inter-American Defense Conference in Brazil concluded with the approval of a joint defense treaty for the entire Western hemisphere.
[31]
Paul Mantz
repeated as the winner of the
Bendix Trophy
air race, making his run at an average speed of 460.423 miles per hour.
[32]
Born:
Allan Rock
, politician and diplomat, in
Ottawa
, Canada
August 31
, 1947 (Sunday)
Parliamentary elections
were held in
Hungary
. The
Hungarian Communist Party
gained 30 seats, having consolidated its power in the two years since the last election by using
salami tactics
. This was the last remotely competitive election in Hungary until 1990.
Born:
Ramón Castellano de Torres
, artist, in
Ceuta
,
Spain
;
Billy Marshall Stoneking
, American-born Australian poet, playwright, filmmaker and teacher, in
Orlando, Florida
(d. 2016);
Somchai Wongsawat
, 26th prime minister of Thailand, in
Chawang
,
Thailand
References
^
a
b
c
"1947"
.
MusicAndHistory.com
. Archived from
the original
on August 28, 2012
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
a
b
Leonard, Thomas M. (1977).
Day By Day: The Forties
. New York: Facts On File, Inc. p. 714.
ISBN
0-87196-375-2
.
^
a
b
c
Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989).
Chronicle of the 20th Century
. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 660.
ISBN
9-780582-039193
.
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
Yust, Walter, ed. (1948).
1948 Britannica Book of the Year
. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. pp. 10–11.
^
a
b
c
"Chronomedia: 1947"
.
Terra Media
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
Leonard, p. 715.
^
"Last of 8,010,008 Captives Freed in Germany, Clay Says".
The New York Times
. August 11, 1947. p. 1.
^
a
b
Leonard, p. 717.
^
"100 Die in India Rioting; Fires Sweep Lahore".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago. August 13, 1947. p. 1.
^
"Fiery Clashes Sweep Punjab; 105 Are Killed".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago. August 14, 1947. p. 1.
^
"Clay Sees a Limit to DP's in Germany".
The New York Times
. August 14, 1947. p. 11.
^
"
'Father' Pic Premiere At Skowhegan Aug. 14".
Billboard
. July 12, 1947. p. 43.
^
Trumbull, Robert (August 16, 1947). "Pageant at New Delhi".
The New York Times
. p. 3.
^
Leonard, p. 718.
^
"India and Pakistan Unite to End Riots".
The New York Times
. August 17, 1947. p. 41.
^
Clark, Delbert (August 18, 1947). "U. S. Law on Nazis Adopted by Soviet".
The New York Times
. p. 3.
^
"France to Readjust Her Regime in India".
The New York Times
. August 18, 1947. p. 2.
^
Hamilton, Thomas J. (August 19, 1947). "U. N. Again Bars 5 States; Approves Yemen, Pakistan".
The New York Times
. p. 1.
^
Morris, John D. (August 21, 1947). "Truman Estimates Surplus for Year at $4,700,00,000; Foreign Aid May Reduce It".
The New York Times
. p. 1.
^
"Extra-Power Law for Chile is Sped".
The New York Times
. August 22, 1947. p. 7.
^
"1 Dead, 75 Hurt in Anti-British Riots in Egypt".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago. August 23, 1947. p. 4.
^
a
b
c
Leonard, p. 720.
^
"24 Die in Berlin Train Fire"
.
The Advertiser
. Adelaide. August 25, 1947. p. 4.
^
"Sacco Manifesto Attacks Tyranny".
The New York Times
. August 24, 1947. p. 16.
^
"Drought Imperils Crops of Europe".
The New York Times
. August 25, 1947. p. 5.
^
"650.6 M.P.H. Shatters Air Record Again".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago. August 26, 1947. p. 1.
^
"Mancheno to Govern Ecuador by Decree".
The New York Times
. August 29, 1947. p. 10.
^
"Ecuador (1905-present)"
.
Department of Political Science
.
University of Central Arkansas
. Retrieved
December 23,
2016
.
^
"$2,500,000 in Gems Returned to Dutch".
The New York Times
. August 29, 1947. p. 1.
^
"Take 89 Bodies From Fire Ruins of French Movies".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. Chicago. September 1, 1947. p. 19.
^
Leonard, p. 722.
^
Stuart, John (August 31, 1947). "Paul Mantz Wins Bendix Air Race Again".
The New York Times
. p. 1.
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