List of elements by atomic properties

This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z).

Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.

Table[1]

Z Name Symbol Average
atomic mass 		Electronegativity
(Pauling) 		First Ionization
Energy (eV) 		Radii (pm) Valence
electrons
Atomic Van der Waals Covalent
1 Hydrogen H 1.008[2] 2.2 13.59844 25 120 38 1
2 Helium He 4.002602(2) — 24.58741 31 140 32 2
3 Lithium Li 6.941(2) 0.98 5.39172 145 182 134 1
4 Beryllium Be 9.012182(3) 1.57 9.3227 105 — 90 2
5 Boron B 10.811(7) 2.04 8.29803 85 — 82 3
6 Carbon C 12.0107(8) 2.55 11.2603 70 170 77 4
7 Nitrogen N 14.0067(2) 3.04 14.53414 65 155 75 5
8 Oxygen O 15.9994(3) 3.44 13.61806 60 152 73 6
9 Fluorine F 18.9984032(5) 3.98 17.42282 50 147 71 7
10 Neon Ne 20.1797(6) — 21.5646 38 154 69 8
11 Sodium Na 22.98976928(2) 0.93 5.13908 180 227 154 1
12 Magnesium Mg 24.3050(6) 1.31 7.64624 150 173 130 2
13 Aluminium Al 26.9815386(8) 1.61 5.98577 125 — 118 3
14 Silicon Si 28.0855(3) 1.9 8.15169 110 210 111 4
15 Phosphorus P 30.973762(2) 2.19 10.48669 100 180 106 5
16 Sulfur S 32.065(5) 2.58 10.36001 100 180 102 6
17 Chlorine Cl 35.453(2) 3.16 12.96764 100 175 99 7
18 Argon Ar 39.948(1) — 15.75962 71 188 97 8
19 Potassium K 39.0983(1) 0.82 4.34066 220 275 196 1
20 Calcium Ca 40.078(4) 1 6.11316 180 — 174 2
21 Scandium Sc 44.955912(6) 1.36 6.5615 160 — 144 2
22 Titanium Ti 47.867(1) 1.54 6.8281 140 — 136 2
23 Vanadium V 50.9415(1) 1.63 6.7462 135 — 125 2
24 Chromium Cr 51.9961(6) 1.66 6.7665 140 — 127 1
25 Manganese Mn 54.938045(5) 1.55 7.43402 140 — 139 2
26 Iron Fe 55.845(2) 1.83 7.9024 140 — 125 2
27 Cobalt Co 58.933195(5) 1.91 7.6398 135 163 121 2
28 Nickel Ni 58.6934(4) 1.88 7.881 135 — 126 2
29 Copper Cu 63.546(3) 1.9 7.72638 135 140 138 1
30 Zinc Zn 65.38(2) 1.65 9.3942 135 139 131 2
31 Gallium Ga 69.723(1) 1.81 5.9993 130 187 126 3
32 Germanium Ge 72.63(1) 2.01 7.8994 125 — 122 4
33 Arsenic As 74.92160(2) 2.18 9.7886 115 185 119 5
34 Selenium Se 78.96(3) 2.55 9.75238 115 190 116 6
35 Bromine Br 79.904(1) 2.96 11.81381 115 185 114 7
36 Krypton Kr 83.798(2) 3 13.99961 88 202 110 8
37 Rubidium Rb 85.4678(3) 0.82 4.17713 235 — 211 1
38 Strontium Sr 87.62(1) 0.95 5.6949 200 — 192 2
39 Yttrium Y 88.90585(2) 1.22 6.2171 180 — 162 2
40 Zirconium Zr 91.224(2) 1.33 6.6339 155 — 148 2
41 Niobium Nb 92.90638(2) 1.6 6.75885 145 — 137 1
42 Molybdenum Mo 95.96(2) 2.16 7.09243 145 — 145 1
43 Technetium Tc [98] 1.9 7.28 135 — 156 1
44 Ruthenium Ru 101.07(2) 2.2 7.3605 130 — 126 1
45 Rhodium Rh 102.90550(2) 2.28 7.4589 135 — 135 1
46 Palladium Pd 106.42(1) 2.2 8.3369 140 163 131
47 Silver Ag 107.8682(2) 1.93 7.5762 160 172 153 1
48 Cadmium Cd 112.411(8) 1.69 8.9938 155 158 148 2
49 Indium In 114.818(3) 1.78 5.78636 155 193 144 3
50 Tin Sn 118.710(7) 1.96 7.3439 145 217 141 4
51 Antimony Sb 121.760(1) 2.05 8.6084 145 — 138 5
52 Tellurium Te 127.60(3) 2.1 9.0096 140 206 135 6
53 Iodine I 126.90447(3) 2.66 10.45126 140 198 133 7
54 Xenon Xe 131.293(6) 2.6 12.1298 108 216 130 8
55 Caesium Cs 132.9054519(2) 0.79 3.8939 260 — 225 1
56 Barium Ba 137.327(7) 0.89 5.2117 215 — 198 2
57 Lanthanum La 138.90547(7) 1.1 5.5769 195 — 169 2
58 Cerium Ce 140.116(1) 1.12 5.5387 185 — — 2
59 Praseodymium Pr 140.90765(2) 1.13 5.473 185 — — 2
60 Neodymium Nd 144.242(3) 1.14 5.525 185 — — 2
61 Promethium Pm [145] — 5.582 185 — — 2
62 Samarium Sm 150.36(2) 1.17 5.6436 185 — — 2
63 Europium Eu 151.964(1) — 5.6704 185 — — 2
64 Gadolinium Gd 157.25(3) 1.2 6.1501 180 — — 2
65 Terbium Tb 158.92535(2) — 5.8638 175 — — 2
66 Dysprosium Dy 162.500(1) 1.22 5.9389 175 — — 2
67 Holmium Ho 164.93032(2) 1.23 6.0215 175 — — 2
68 Erbium Er 167.259(3) 1.24 6.1077 175 — — 2
69 Thulium Tm 168.93421(2) 1.25 6.18431 175 — — 2
70 Ytterbium Yb 173.054(5) — 6.25416 175 — — 2
71 Lutetium Lu 174.9668(1) 1.27 5.4259 175 — 160 2
72 Hafnium Hf 178.49(2) 1.3 6.82507 155 — 150 2
73 Tantalum Ta 180.94788(2) 1.5 7.5496 145 — 138 2
74 Tungsten W 183.84(1) 2.36 7.864 135 — 146 2
75 Rhenium Re 186.207(1) 1.9 7.8335 135 — 159 2
76 Osmium Os 190.23(3) 2.2 8.4382 130 — 128 2
77 Iridium Ir 192.217(3) 2.2 8.967 135 — 137 2
78 Platinum Pt 195.084(9) 2.28 8.9587 135 175 128 1
79 Gold Au 196.966569(4) 2.54 9.2255 135 166 144 1
80 Mercury Hg 200.59(2) 2 10.4375 150 155 149 2
81 Thallium Tl 204.3833(2) 1.62 6.1082 190 196 148 3
82 Lead Pb 207.2(1) 2.33 7.41666 180 202 147 4
83 Bismuth Bi 208.98040(1) 2.02 7.2856 160 — 146 5
84 Polonium Po [209] 2 8.417 190 — — 6
85 Astatine At [210] 2.2 — — — 7
86 Radon Rn [222] — 10.7485 120 — 145 8
87 Francium Fr [223] 0.7 4.0727 — — — 1
88 Radium Ra [226] 0.9 5.2784 215 — — 2
89 Actinium Ac [227] 1.1 5.17 195 — — 2
90 Thorium Th 232.03806(2) 1.3 6.3067 180 — — 2
91 Protactinium Pa 231.03588(2) 1.5 5.89 180 — — 2
92 Uranium U 238.02891(3) 1.38 6.19405 175 186 — 2
93 Neptunium Np [237] 1.36 6.2657 175 — — 2
94 Plutonium Pu [244] 1.28 6.0262 175 — — 2
95 Americium Am [243] 1.3 5.9738 175 — — 2
96 Curium Cm [247] 1.3 5.9915 2
97 Berkelium Bk [247] 1.3 6.1979 2
98 Californium Cf [251] 1.3 6.2817 2
99 Einsteinium Es [252] 1.3 6.42 2
100 Fermium Fm [257] 1.3 6.5 2
101 Mendelevium Md [258] 1.3 6.58 2
102 Nobelium No [259] 1.3 6.65 2
103 Lawrencium Lr [266] 1.3 4.9 3
104 Rutherfordium Rf [267] 6 2
105 Dubnium Db [268] 2
106 Seaborgium Sg [269] 2
107 Bohrium Bh [270] 2
108 Hassium Hs [277] 2
109 Meitnerium Mt [278]
110 Darmstadtium Ds [281]
111 Roentgenium Rg [282]
112 Copernicium Cn [285]
113 Nihonium Nh [286]
114 Flerovium Fl [289]
115 Moscovium Mc [290]
116 Livermorium Lv [293]
117 Tennessine Ts [294]
118 Oganesson Og [294]
[*] a few atomic radii are calculated, not experimental
[—] a long dash marks properties for which there is no data available
[ ] a blank marks properties for which no data has been found

References

  1. ^ PubChem. "Periodic Table of Elements". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
  2. ^ [1]