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C-1
C-1
	A Civia train on a C-1 at Puente de los Fierros terminal station in 2012.
Overview
Service type	Commuter rail
System	Cercanías Asturias
Status	Operational
Locale	Asturias, Spain
Current operator(s)	Renfe Operadora
Route
Termini	Puente de los Fierros; Gijón
Stops	27
Distance travelled	23.6 km
Line(s) used	León-Gijón railway line
Technical
Rolling stock	Civia EMUs
Track gauge	1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in) Iberian gauge
Electrification	3kV AC overhead line
Track owner(s)	Adif

The C-1 line is a rail service of Cercanías Asturias commuter rail network, operated by Renfe Operadora, connecting the most populated urban areas in Asturias. Its termini are Gijón and Puente de los Fierros stations.

History

In the 19th century, the government and local companies wanted to build a railway to link Asturias with the rest of the country, so that Castile's agricultural products could be exported via the port of Gijón and Asturian coal could be easily transported to the rest of the country. After decades of planning, construction began in 1864 by the Compañía de Ferrocarril del Noroeste de España, which went bankrupt in 1878. At that time, the sections between Leon and Busdongo and between Pola de Lena and Gijón had already been built. These sections were connected in 1884, after the Compañía de los Ferrocarriles de Asturias, Galicia y León had completed the Rampa de Pajares, which crosses the Pajares Pass, a sinuous mountain pass in the Cantabrian Mountains at 1,379 metres. In 1885, the Compañía de los Caminos de Hierro del Norte de España, popularly known as Norte, took control of this line.^[1]

In the decades that followed, Norte opened several sections that split off from the main line in Asturias.^[2] In 1924, the segment between Gijón and Uxo was electrified at 3kV AC in order to increase the amount of coal that the company's trains could transport.^[3] In 1936, during the Spanish Civil War, the company suffered serious economic damage.^[4] After the war, the company's financial situation was extremely poor and in 1941 the new Francoist regime nationalised all the Iberian gauge railways in Spain and incorporated them into the newly formed Renfe.^[5]

In the following decades this line was used for freight and passengers transportation and its services were commonly known as "Cercanías", but it was perceived as unreliable, so Renfe began plans to create a defined and organised service.^[6] However, it was not until 1989 that this name became official, when Renfe created a division responsible for planning and organising these services.^[7]

Future

An extension of this line is expected in the future, which would start at Gijón station and cross Gijón underground to reach the Cabueñes Hospital in the easternmost part of the city. Construction began in 2003 and the main tunnels of this extension were completed in 2006.^[8] The old Feve and Renfe stations were closed and replaced by a temporary Gijón station in 2011.^[9] After a decade of no new progress on this project, a plan assessing the impact of building new tunnels under the city was published in 2024, and it is expected that a construction project and the details on the tendering process will soon be published.^[10]

Rolling Stock

Nowadays all services are operated by Civia models ^[11]

Stations

Legend:

CIVIS (express train service) :

●: Stops, ｜: Does not stop *Only the first service in the morning

Station	CIVIS	Transfers (Other services)	Location	Fare Zone
Gijón/Xixón	●	Regional	Gijón	4D
La Calzada	●	Regional		4D
Veriña	｜			3/4D
Montiana	｜			3
Serín	｜			3
Tabladiello	｜		Llanera	2/3
Villabona	｜			2
Lugo de Llanera	●*			2
Lugones/Llugones	●*		Siero	1/2
La Corredoria	●*		Oviedo	1
Oviedo/Uviéu	●	Regional		1
Llamaquique	●	Regional		1
El Caleyu	｜			1
Les Segaes/Las Segadas	｜		Ribera de Arriba	1
Soto Rei/Soto del Rey	｜		Ribera de Arriba	1/2
Olloniego/Lluniego	｜		Oviedo	2
La Perea	｜		Mieres	2
Ablaña	｜			2
Mieres-Puente	｜	Regional		2/3
Santuyano	｜			3
Uxo	｜	Regional		3
Viḷḷayana	｜		Lena	3
La Pola	｜	Regional		4
La Cobertoria	｜			4
Campumanes	｜	Regional		4
La Frecha	｜			4
Fierros	｜	Regional		4

References

^ Nárdiz, Carlos.(1996). "Desarrollo histórico de la red ferroviaria del noroeste de España." El Ferrocarril en el Noroeste de España (in Spanish)
^ Comín Comín, Francisco; Martín-Aceña, Pablo; Muñoz Rubio, Miguel; Vidal Olivares, Javier (1998). 150 Años de Historia de los Ferrocarriles Españoles. Fundación de los Ferrocarriles Españoles y Anaya. (in Spanish) ISBN 84-88675-496
^ Cuéllar, Domingo; Méndez, Ramón (2012). "Las primeras alternativas en la electrificación de los ferrocarriles de vía ancha en España (1907-1930)" (PDF). Globalización, innovación y construcción de redes técnicas urbanas en América y Europa, 1890-1930. Brazilian Traction, Barcelona Traction y otros conglomerados financieros y técnicos. Universidad de Barcelona.
^ Martín Aceña, Pablo; Martínez Ruiz, Elena (2006). La economía de la guerra civil (in Spanish). Marcial Pons Historia.
^ Wais, Francisco (1974). Historia de los Ferrocarriles Españoles (in Spanish). Madrid: Editora Nacional.
^ "Edición del sábado, 22 marzo 1980, página 4 - Hemeroteca - Lavanguardia.es". 2018-10-26. Archived from the original on 2018-10-26. Retrieved 2024-09-10.
^ Sáenz López, V. M. (1998). RENFE, en el camino de la calidad total. Destino la excelencia. Ferroviaria '98 (in Spanish)
^ "Metrotren: servicio unificado de Renfe y Feve para las cercanías de Asturias" (PDF). Vialibre. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
^ "El Ayuntamiento ultima los preparativos para la nueva estación de tren". La Nueva España (in Spanish). 2011-01-24. Retrieved 2024-09-10.
^ Nortes, Redacción (2024-03-13). "El Ministerio publica la declaración de impacto ambiental del Metrotrén hasta Cabueñes". Nortes | Centradas en la periferia (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-09-10.
^ ""¿Quién va a esperar un tren que nunca llega?": el declive de las cercanías en Asturias". La Voz de Asturias (in Spanish). 2021-11-15. Retrieved 2024-09-10.