Bracciano

Bracciano
Comune
Comune di Bracciano
A view of the Castello Orsini-Odescalchi.
A view of the Castello Orsini-Odescalchi.
Coat of arms of Bracciano
Coat of arms
Location of Bracciano
Map
Bracciano is located in Italy
Bracciano
Bracciano
Location of Bracciano in Italy
Bracciano is located in Lazio
Bracciano
Bracciano
Bracciano (Lazio)
Coordinates: 42°06′N 12°11′E / 42.100°N 12.183°E / 42.100; 12.183
CountryItaly
RegionLazio
Metropolitan cityRome (RM)
FrazioniCastel Giuliano, Pisciarelli, Sambuco, Vicarello, Vigna di Valle
Government
 • MayorMarco Crocicchi
Area
[2]
 • Total
143.06 km2 (55.24 sq mi)
Elevation
280 m (920 ft)
Population
 (1 January 2024)[3]
 • Total
18,516 [1]
DemonymBraccianesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
00062
Dialing code06
Patron saintSt. Sebastian
Saint dayJanuary 20
WebsiteOfficial website
The historic center of Bracciano.

Bracciano[4] is a small town in the Italian region of Lazio, 30 kilometres (19 miles) northwest of Rome. The town is famous for its volcanic lake (Lago di Bracciano or "Sabatino", the eighth largest lake in Italy) and for a particularly well-preserved medieval castle Castello Orsini-Odescalchi. The lake is widely used for sailing and is popular with tourists; the castle has hosted a number of events, especially weddings of actors and singers.

The town is served by an urban railway (Line FR3) which connects it with Rome (stations of Ostiense and Valle Aurelia) in about 55 minutes. Close to it lie the two medieval towns of Anguillara Sabazia and Trevignano Romano.

Geography

Bracciano's territory lies on the western edge of the Sabatine Hills, a low volcanic hills range encircling Lake Bracciano.

History

There is no certain information about the origins of Bracciano, on the Via Cassia overlooking the lake.[5] It probably rose from one of the numerous towers built in the tenth century as a defence against the Saracen attacks, as implied by the ancient name of Castrum Brachiani. In the eleventh century the neighbouring territory was acquired by the Prefetti di Vico family, who turned the tower into a castle. Ferdinand Gregorovius dated the possession of Bracciano by the Orsini to 1234. The area was later acquired by the Roman hospital of Santo Spirito in Sassia and, from 1375, was a Papal possession.

In 1419 the Colonna Pope Martin V confirmed the fief of Bracciano in the Orsini family branch of Tagliacozzo. Under this powerful family the city developed into a flourishing town, famous in the whole of Italy for its castle, which was enlarged, starting from 1470, by Napoleone Orsini and his son Virginio. In 1481 it housed Pope Sixtus IV, who had fled from the plague in Rome; the Sala Papalina in one of the corner towers commemorates the event. Four years later, however, the city and the castle were ravaged by Papal troops under Prospero Colonna, and subsequently a new line of walls was built.

In 1494 Charles VIII of France and his troops marching against Rome stopped at Bracciano. This act led to the excommunication of the Orsini, and in 1496 the city was besieged by a papal army headed by Giovanni di Candia, son of Pope Alexander VI Borgia, though it resisted successfully. Cesare Borgia, another of Alexander's natural sons, was unsuccessful in his attempt to take the Orsini stronghold a few years later. The sixteenth century was a period of splendour for Bracciano. The notorious spendthrift and libertine Paolo Giordano I Orsini, having married in 1558 Isabella de' Medici, daughter of Cosimo I, Grand Duke of Tuscany, received the title of duke of Bracciano in 1560. The castello received some modernization for the brief visit of the Medici that year. He hired the most prestigious painter available in Rome, Taddeo Zuccaro, to fresco with allegories and coats-of-arms the fortress's most prestigious room, the Sala Papalinia that had been occupied by Sixtus IV.[6] Isabella spent the remainder of her life avoiding a return to the castle, which a modern tourist tradition would have her haunting.[7]

The economy was boosted by the exploitation of sulphur and iron, the production of tapestries and paper. The latter was favoured by the construction of an aqueduct whose ruins can still be seen in the city. Bracciano in this period had some 4,500 inhabitants.

However, the expensive tenor of life of the Orsini eventually damaged the economic conditions of the city. The last great ruler was probably Paolo Giordano II, a patron of arts and literature who made Bracciano a center of culture in Italy. The decline culminated in 1696 when the castle was sold to Livio Odescalchi, nephew of Pope Innocent XI; the Odescalchi family still retain the castle.

In the castle, richly frescoed friezes and ceilings now contrast with blank walls, which were hung with richly coloured tapestries when the lords of Bracciano were in residence. The important late-15th century frieze showing the labours of Hercules[8] is still visible.

The castle seen from the hospital parking lot.

The main economic activities are tourism, services and agriculture. Until the twentieth century the region was notoriously unhealthy for its malaria, now eradicated; as a result, none of the fine villas were built at the water's edge, but all stood on healthier rises of ground.

Main sights

The main monument of Bracciano is its castle, Castello Orsini-Odescalchi, one of the most noteworthy examples of Renaissance military architecture in Italy.

3 km (2 mi) outside the city, alongside the road leading to Trevignano Romano, is the ancient church of San Liberato (ninth century). It occupies what was once the Roman settlement of Forum Clodii, now surrounded by an herb garden, part of the complex of English-style gardens at the adjoining Villa San Librato, designed by Russell Page in 1965 for the art historian conte Donato Sanminatelli and his contessa, Maria Odescalchi, and carried out over the following decade.

On the same road are the ruins of the Aquae Apollinaris, a complex of baths famous in the Roman age.

At Vigna di Valle, next to the lake, the former seaplane base today houses the Italian Air Force Museum.[9] The museum's four hangars hold a number of historical military aircraft, including famous planes such as the MC. 202, the Supermarine Spitfire, the Savoia Marchetti S.79, the F-104 Starfighter, the Caproni Ca.100 and the Panavia Tornado. Also on view is a remarkable collection of three Schneider Cup racers, including the Macchi M.C.72. The museum stages an annual 'Giornata Azzura' airshow at Pratica di Mare airport.

Climate

The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Csa" (Mediterranean climate).[10]

Climate data for Bracciano (Vigna di Valle) (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.7
(65.7) 		19.3
(66.7) 		23.8
(74.8) 		27.2
(81.0) 		31.4
(88.5) 		36.0
(96.8) 		37.6
(99.7) 		39.8
(103.6) 		33.4
(92.1) 		28.4
(83.1) 		24.4
(75.9) 		18.8
(65.8) 		39.8
(103.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 10.6
(51.1) 		11.6
(52.9) 		14.4
(57.9) 		17.4
(63.3) 		21.9
(71.4) 		26.5
(79.7) 		29.7
(85.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		25.0
(77.0) 		20.3
(68.5) 		15.2
(59.4) 		11.3
(52.3) 		19.5
(67.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.5
(45.5) 		7.9
(46.2) 		10.2
(50.4) 		12.9
(55.2) 		17.2
(63.0) 		21.5
(70.7) 		24.3
(75.7) 		24.7
(76.5) 		20.4
(68.7) 		16.4
(61.5) 		12.0
(53.6) 		8.5
(47.3) 		15.3
(59.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 4.8
(40.6) 		4.7
(40.5) 		6.6
(43.9) 		8.8
(47.8) 		12.8
(55.0) 		16.8
(62.2) 		19.4
(66.9) 		20.0
(68.0) 		16.5
(61.7) 		13.2
(55.8) 		9.3
(48.7) 		5.9
(42.6) 		11.6
(52.9)
Record low °C (°F) −4.0
(24.8) 		−5.0
(23.0) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		5.1
(41.2) 		9.8
(49.6) 		11.0
(51.8) 		12.4
(54.3) 		8.7
(47.7) 		4.6
(40.3) 		0.0
(32.0) 		−4.2
(24.4) 		−5.0
(23.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 70.4
(2.77) 		68.2
(2.69) 		67.6
(2.66) 		63.6
(2.50) 		54.1
(2.13) 		31.2
(1.23) 		24.0
(0.94) 		29.1
(1.15) 		76.0
(2.99) 		126.4
(4.98) 		143.2
(5.64) 		98.7
(3.89) 		852.4
(33.56)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 7.3 6.8 6.8 7.0 6.3 3.5 2.1 2.6 5.8 7.8 10.3 8.7 74.9
Average relative humidity (%) 77.5 73.6 72.7 72.8 72.0 68.6 65.2 65.9 70.9 76.9 80.3 78.3 72.9
Average dew point °C (°F) 3.8
(38.8) 		3.4
(38.1) 		5.4
(41.7) 		8.2
(46.8) 		12.1
(53.8) 		15.0
(59.0) 		16.4
(61.5) 		17.0
(62.6) 		15.0
(59.0) 		12.5
(54.5) 		8.9
(48.0) 		4.9
(40.8) 		10.2
(50.4)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 155.6 171.6 201.8 225.6 279.3 298.5 335.7 316.2 242.7 183.2 146.4 146.9 2,703.7
Source: NOAA[11]

Twin towns

Bracciano is twinned with

Filmography

See also

The lake as seen from Largo Falcone and Borsellino, near the castle.

Notes

  1. ^ "Resident population on 1st January: Lazio". Istituto nazionale di statistica. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  2. ^ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  3. ^ "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  4. ^ Bracciano is pronounced in three syllables: "Bra-CHA-no"
  5. ^ The modern history is Carla Micheli Giaccone, Bracciano e il suo castelloRome, 1990.
  6. ^ Caroline P. Murphy, Murder of a Medici Princess 2008:80f.
  7. ^ "Given that Isabella could not bear the idea of living in Bracciano when she was alive, it seems unlikely she would choose to haunt the castle dead," observes Caroline P. Murphy, Murder of a Medici Princess 2008:351.
  8. ^ Malcolm Bull, The Mirror of the Gods, How Renaissance Artists Rediscovered the Pagan Gods, Oxford UP, 2005, ISBN 0-19-521923-6
  9. ^ url=http://aeroweb.lucia.it/en/museums/vigna.htm Archived 2010-01-16 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ Climate Summary for Bracciano
  11. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Vigna di Valle". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved February 3, 2024.
  12. ^ "Wolaita Sodo establishes sister city network with Bracciano". Ethiopian press agency.
  13. ^ "I Medici Masters of Florence tv series location: Castle Orsini Odescalchi in Bracciano". Archived from the original on 2019-09-25. Retrieved 2017-03-06.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Bracciano".

Read other articles:

Batuan julang

Batuan julang di Taman Nasional Bryce Canyon, Utah Batuan julang atau batuan jamur (Inggris: hoodoocode: en is deprecated ) adalah julangan batu yang tinggi dan tipis yang dibentuk oleh pengikisan, biasanya dengan puncak atau kepala yang lebih besar (maka itu dinamakan batuan jamur). Batuan julang biasanya terdiri dari batuan yang relatif lunak di atasnya dengan batuan lebih keras dan tidak mudah terkikis yang melindungi setiap kolom dari unsur. Mereka umumnya terbentuk di dalam batuan endapa...

 

 

Karbida

Kalsium karbida. Dalam kimia, karbida adalah istilah yang diberikan pada senyawa yang terdiri dari atom karbon dan elemen yang nilai keelektronegatifannya kecil. Klasifikasi dari karbida biasanya dikelompokkan dalam tipe ikatan kimianya: (i) seperti-garam, (ii) senyawa kovalen, (iii) senyawa interstitial, dan (iv) logam transisi intermediate.[1] each used in key industrial applications. Contoh senyawa karbida adalah kalsium karbida (CaC2) dan silikon karbida. Referensi ^ Greenwood, No...

 

 

التحالف الكبير (عصبة أوغسبورغ)

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (ديسمبر 2021) التحالف الكبير (عصبة أوغسبورغ)التأسيسالنوع ائتلاف التأسيس 1686 الشخصياتالمؤسس ليوبولد الأول، إمبراطور روماني مقدس تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات كا�...

KAWO

For the airport in Arlington, Washington, assigned ICAO code KAWO, see Arlington Municipal Airport (Washington). Radio station in Boise, IdahoKAWOBoise, IdahoBroadcast areaBoise metropolitan areaFrequency104.3 MHzBrandingWow Country 104.3ProgrammingFormatCountryAffiliationsCompass Media NetworksPremiere NetworksOwnershipOwnerTownsquare Media(Townsquare License, LLC)Sister stationsKCIX, KFXD, KIDO, KSAS-FM, KXLT-FMHistoryFirst air dateJuly 15, 1979 (as KIDQ)Former call signsKIDQ (1979-1985)KUU...

 

 

Лампа обратной волны

Ла́мпа обра́тной волны́ (ЛОВ) — электровакуумный прибор, в котором для генерирования электромагнитных колебаний СВЧ используется взаимодействие электронного потока с электромагнитной волной, бегущей по замедляющей системе в направлении, обратном направлению движ�...

 

 

Barnes Bridge railway station

National Rail station in London, England Barnes Bridge Barnes BridgeLocation of Barnes Bridge in Greater LondonLocationBarnesLocal authorityLondon Borough of Richmond upon ThamesManaged bySouth Western RailwayOwnerNetwork RailStation codeBNIDfT categoryF1Number of platforms2Fare zone3National Rail annual entry and exit2018–19 0.923 million[1]2019–20 1.019 million[1]2020–21 0.286 million[1]2021–22 0.604 million[1]2022–23 0.685 million[1]Key dat...

Coeur d'Alene, Idaho

City in Idaho, United States City in Idaho, United StatesCoeur d'AleneCityAerial view of Coeur d'AleneCoeur d'Alene Resort and marinaFloating boardwalkIndependence PointCoeur d'Alene Resort floating greenCoeur d'Alene and Tubbs Hill from City Park and Beach FlagLogoNickname(s): Lake City; CDAMotto: City with a Heart[1]Location of Coeur d'Alene in Kootenai County, IdahoCoeur d'AleneShow map of IdahoCoeur d'AleneShow map of the United StatesCoordinates: 47°41′34″N 116°46...

 

 

Несторианство

ХристианствоБиблия Ветхий Завет Новый Завет Евангелие Десять заповедей Нагорная проповедь Апокрифы Бог, Троица Бог Отец Иисус Христос Святой Дух История христианства Апостолы Хронология христианства Раннее христианство Гностическое христианство Вселенские соборы Н...

 

 

Gregory House

Gregory House, diperankan oleh Hugh Laurie. Gregory House (lengkapnya Dr. Gregory House, M.D.) adalah tokoh fiksi utama dalam film seri House yang diperankan oleh Hugh Laurie. Ia adalah seorang dokter dalam bidang penyakit menular dan ahli ginjal. Ia dianggap sebagai seorang jenius yang sering melontarkan komentar sinis. House memimpin sekelompok dokter muda di Rumah Sakit Princeton-Plainsboro. House sering menelan vicodin untuk mengatasi nyeri di kakinya. Ia mengakui bahwa ia ketagihan obat ...

أتراك

هذه المقالة عن المجموعة العرقية الأتراك وليس عن من يحملون جنسية الجمهورية التركية أتراكTürkler (بالتركية) التعداد الكليالتعداد 70~83 مليون نسمةمناطق الوجود المميزةالبلد  القائمة ... تركياألمانياسورياالعراقبلغارياالولايات المتحدةفرنساالمملكة المتحدةهولنداالنمساأسترالي�...

 

 

Sitakant Mahapatra

Sitakant Mahapatra ଶୀତାକାନ୍ତ ମହାପାତ୍ରSri Mohapatra pada 2015Lahir17 September 1937 (umur 86)Mahanga, Cuttack, OdishaKebangsaanIndiaPekerjaanpenyair, kritikus sastra, birokratKarya terkenalSabdar Akash (Langit Kata-Kata) (1971)Samudra (1977) Sitakant Mahapatra (lahir 17 September 1937) adalah seorang penyair dan kritikus sastra India terkenal[1] dalam bahasa Odia serta Inggris.[2][3] Ia juga masuk Layanan Administratif India sejak...

 

 

Ascot–Ash Vale line

Railway line in southern England Ascot–Ash Vale lineA Class 450 calls at Frimley stationOverviewStatusOperationalOwnerNetwork RailLocaleSouth East EnglandTerminiAscotAsh ValeServiceTypeHeavy rail, Commuter RailSystemNational RailOperator(s)South Western RailwayTechnicalNumber of tracks1–2Track gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gaugeElectrification750v DC 3rd rail The Ascot–Ash Vale line is an 11-mile-58-chain (18.9 km) railway line in Berkshire and Su...

Gaspar Sanz

Spanish guitarist and composer Gaspar SanzGaspar Sanz. A detail from the dedication page of Instrucción de música may be an image of SanzBornFrancisco Bartolomé Sanz Celmabaptized April 4, 1640 (birth date unknown)Calanda, Bajo Aragón, SpainDied1710 (aged 70)Madrid, SpainOccupation(s)composer and priest Francisco Bartolomé Sanz Celma (April 4, 1640 (baptized) – 1710), better known as Gaspar Sanz, was a Spanish composer, guitarist, and priest born to a wealthy family in Calanda in the c...

 

 

List of R-7 launches (1995–1999)

This is a list of launches made by the R-7 Semyorka ICBM, and its derivatives between 1995 and 1999. All launches are orbital satellite launches, unless stated otherwise. Contents 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2...

 

 

Indang, Cavite

Peta menunjukan lokasi Indang Indang adalah munisipalitas yang terletak di provinsi Cavite, Filipina. Pada tahun 2007, munisipalitas ini memiliki populasi sebesar 60.755 jiwa. Pembagian wilayah Secara politis Indang terbagi menjadi 36 barangay, yaitu: Alulod Banaba Lejos Banaba Cerca Bancod Buna Cerca Buna Lejos 1 Buna Lejos 2 Calumpang Cerca Calumpang Lejos 1 Carasuchi Magigilas Agus-os Daine 1 Guyam Malaki Guyam Munti Harasan Kaytambog Limbon Lumampong Balagbag Lumampong Halayhay Mahabang K...

Nunavut

Nunavutterritorio(IU) ᓄᓇᕗᑦ(FR, EN) Nunavut (dettagli) Nunavut – VedutaIqaluit LocalizzazioneStato Canada AmministrazioneCapoluogoIqaluit Luogotenente GovernatoreEva Aariak dal 14 gennaio 2021 Primo ministroPJ Akeeagok (indipendente) dal 25 ottobre 2021 Lingue ufficialiinuktitut, inuinnaqtun, inglese, francese Data di istituzione1º aprile 1999 TerritorioCoordinatedel capoluogo63°44′55″N 68°31′01″W63°44′55″N, 68°31′01″W (Nunavut) S...

 

 

Erwin Oehme

In der Bergstadt Graupen, 1902 Wandgemälde Altenburger Prinzenraub auf der Albrechtsburg Ernst Erwin Oehme (* 18. September 1831 in Dresden; † 10. Oktober 1907 in Blasewitz) war ein deutscher Maler. Leben Oehme war der Sohn und Schüler des Landschaftsmalers Ernst Ferdinand Oehme. Er besuchte die Dresdner Kunstakademie und wurde 1864 deren Ehrenmitglied. Er arbeitete anschließend eine kurze Zeit unter Ludwig Richter und bildete sich dann auf Studienreisen in Deutschland, der Schweiz, Engl...

 

 

Fort of Carvalha

19th-century fort in Portugal Fort of CarvalhaForte da CarvalhaLisbon District,Near Arruda dos Vinhos in PortugalCoordinates38°58′22″N 9°06′13″W / 38.97278°N 9.10361°W / 38.97278; -9.10361TypeFortSite informationOpen tothe publicYes.ConditionPartly restored.Site historyBuilt1809-10Built byDuke of WellingtonBattles/warsUnused in battleGarrison informationGarrison400 The Fort of Carvalha is located in the parish of São Tiago dos Velhos, a...

Didhawa

Former Village Development Committee in Nepal Rajbiraj Municipality in Province 02 Madhesh, NepalDighawa दिघवाRajbiraj MunicipalityDighawaCoordinates: 26°34′N 86°46′E / 26.57°N 86.77°E / 26.57; 86.77CountryNepal[Province of Nepal]Province 02 MadheshDistrictSaptari DistrictGovernment • TypeRajbiraj Municipality • MayorBhim Raj Yadav • Ward PresidentGanga Khang KhatwePopulation (2011)[1] • Tot...

 

 

.276 Enfield

British experimental rifle cartridge Not to be confused with .276 Pedersen. .276 Enfield.276 Enfield experimental rifle cartridgeTypeRiflePlace of originUnited KingdomProduction historyDesignerRoyal LaboratoryDesigned1912Produced1912–1916SpecificationsCase typeRebated, tapered, bottleneckBullet diameter.282 in (7.2 mm)Neck diameter.323 in (8.2 mm)Shoulder diameter.460 in (11.7 mm)Base diameter.528 in (13.4 mm)Rim...