Literature of the 20th century refers to world literature produced during the 20th century (1901 to 2000).
The main periods in question are often grouped by scholars as Modernist literature, Postmodern literature, flowering from roughly 1900 to 1940 and 1960 to 1990[1] respectively, roughly using World War II as a transition point. After 1960, the somewhat malleable term "contemporary literature" widely appears.
Although these terms (modern, contemporary and postmodern) are generally applicable to and stem from Western literary history, scholars often use them in reference to Asian, Latin American and African literatures. Non-western writers, in particular in Postcolonial literature, have been at the forefront of literary evolution during the twentieth century.
Technological advances facilitated lower production cost for books, coupled with rising populations and literacy rates, which resulted in a significant rise in production of popular literature and trivial literature, comparable to the similar developments in music. The division of "popular literature" and "high literature" in the 20th century is overlapped by genres such as detectives or science fiction, despite being largely ignored by mainstream literary criticism for the most of the century. These genres developed their own establishments and critical awards; these include the Nebula Award (since 1965), the British Fantasy Award (since 1971) or the Mythopoeic Awards (since 1971).
Towards the end of the 20th century, electronic literature grew in importance in light of the development of hypertext and later the World Wide Web.
The Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded annually throughout the century (with the exception of 1914, 1918, 1935 and 1940–1943), the first laureate (1901) being Sully Prudhomme. The New York Times Best Seller list has been published since 1942.
The best-selling literary works of the 20th century are estimated to be The Lord of the Rings (1954/55, 150 million copies), Le Petit Prince (The Little Prince, 1943, 140 million copies), Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997, 120 million copies) and And Then There Were None (1939, 115 million copies). The Lord of the Rings was also voted "book of the century" in various surveys.[2][3][4][5] Perry Rhodan (1961 to present) proclaimed as the best-selling book series, with an estimated total of 1 billion copies sold.
The Fin de siècle movement of the Belle Époque persisted into the 20th century, but was brutally cut short with the outbreak of World War I (an effect depicted e.g. in Thomas Mann's The Magic Mountain, published 1924). The Dada movement of 1916–1920 was at least in part a protest against the bourgeois nationalist and colonialist interests which many Dadaists believed were the root cause of the war; the movement heralded the Surrealism movement of the 1920s.
1900
Genre fiction
1901
1902
Plays
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
Poetry
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
Non-fiction
1918
The 1920s were a period of literary creativity, and works of several notable authors appeared during the period. D. H. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover was a scandal at the time because of its explicit descriptions of sex. James Joyce's novel, Ulysses, published in 1922 in Paris, was one of the most important achievements of literary modernism.
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
The intermediate postwar period separating "Modernism" from "Postmodernism" (1950s literature) is the floruit of the beat generation and the classical science fiction of Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke and Robert A. Heinlein. This period also saw the publication of Samuel Beckett's trilogy of novels, Molloy, Malone Dies, and The Unnameable, which enacted the dissolution of the self-identical human subject and inspired later novelists such as Thomas Bernhard, John Banville, and David Markson. The first works of electronic literature were written in the 1950s.
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
Non-fiction and Quasi-fiction
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
Non-fiction and quasi-fiction
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
Drama
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1994
1996
1997
Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Lema Alma Terra MaterTipo AgronómicaFundación 4 de marzo de 1923 (100 años)LocalizaciónDirección Calz Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, 25315 Saltillo, Coah.México Coordenadas 25°23′36″N 101°00′02″O / 25.3934, -101.0005AdministraciónRector Dr. Alberto Flores OlivasDirector Dr Ramón Alfredo Delgado GonzalezAcademiaColores académicos Dorado y negroSitio web UAAAN[editar datos en Wikidata] La Universidad Aut…
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Artikel ini bukan mengenai Stasiun Bagor atau Halte Kalibagor. Stasiun Bogor B26PG00 Stasiun KA BogorLokasi Jalan Nyi Raja Permas (pintu timur) Jalan Mayor Oking (pintu barat)Cibogor, Bogor Tengah, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16124Indonesia Koordinat6°35′39″S 106°47′27″E / 6.5942707°S 106.7908108°E / -6.5942707; 106.7908108Koordinat: 6°35′39″S 106°47′27″E / 6.5942707°S 106.7908108°E / -6.5942707; 106.7908108Ketinggian+246 mOperatorKer…
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Halte Jambean Jambean+36 m Tampak samar-samar Halte Jambean, dipotret dari dalam kereta api Joglosemarkerto, 2019LokasiSuru, Geyer, Grobogan, Jawa Tengah 57391IndonesiaKetinggian+36 mOperatorKereta Api IndonesiaDaerah Operasi IV SemarangLetak dari pangkalkm 58+721 lintas Semarang Tawang-Brumbung-Gundih-Solo Balapan-Solo Jebres/Yogyakarta[1]Jumlah jalur1Informasi lainKode stasiunJBE3206[3]KlasifikasiPerhentian dilayani agen[2]SejarahDitutupTak diketahui (paruh awal dekade …
Pesona IndonesiaGenreDokumenterNaratorBervariasiNegara asalIndonesiaBahasa asliBahasa IndonesiaProduksiLokasi produksiIndonesia (bervariasi)Pengaturan kameraMultikameraDurasi30 menitRumah produksiLPP TVRI stasiun daerahRilisJaringan asliTVRI/TVRI daerahRilis asli2018 (2018)[butuh rujukan] –sekarangPranala luarSitus web Pesona Indonesia adalah acara dokumenter televisi asal Indonesia yang tayang di TVRI sejak 2018.[butuh rujukan] Acara ini menampilkan keindahan alam da…
Finnish swimmer Tanja KylliäinenTanja Kylliäinen in 2016Personal informationBorn (1993-01-30) 30 January 1993 (age 30)Baltimore, Maryland, United StatesSportSportSwimming Tanja Kylliäinen (born 30 January 1993) is a Finnish swimmer. She competed in the women's 400 metre individual medley event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.[1] Kylliäinen was born in Baltimore, Maryland to an American mother and a Finnish father. She has lived her whole life in the United States and speaks only a f…
سلطانغة سلطانگه - قرية - تقسيم إداري البلد إيران [1] الدولة إيران المحافظة أذربيجان الشرقية المقاطعة مقاطعة بستان أباد الناحية ناحية تيكمه داش القسم الريفي قسم عباس الغربي الريفي إحداثيات 37°35′50″N 46°53′53″E / 37.59722°N 46.89806°E / 37.59722; 46.89806 السكان
Struktur aril halida Nama Fluorobenzena Klorobenzena Bromobenzena Iodobenzena Titik lebur −42 °C −45,2 °C −31 °C −29 °C[1] Titik didih 85 °C 132 °C 156 °C 188 °C[1] Model molekul Dalam kimia organik, suatu aril halida (disebut pula sebagai haloarena atau halogenoarena) adalah suatu senyawa aromatik dimana satu atau lebih atom hidrogen miliknya, yang terikat langsung dengan cincin aromatik, digantikan oleh suatu halida. Aril halid…
تحتاج هذه المقالة إلى تنسيق لتتناسب مع دليل الأسلوب في ويكيبيديا. فضلًا، ساهم بتنسيقها وفق دليل الأسلوب المعتمد في ويكيبيديا. (أبريل 2019) جزء من سلسلة مقالات حولأمن المعلومات مفاهيم رئيسة أمن الإنترنت الشبكات الحاسوب الهاتف المحمول المعلومات المركبات حرب رقمية عبر الإنترنت …
يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) الإمبراطورة الأم (باللغة الصينية واليابانية: 皇太后 ؛ وحسب بينيين: húangtàihòu هوانغ تاي هو) هو لقب أعطي إلى أم ا
نويشتات أن در فاينشتراسه علم شعار الاسم الرسمي (بالألمانية: Neustadt an der Weinstraße)[1] الإحداثيات 49°21′13″N 8°08′10″E / 49.353621°N 8.13607°E / 49.353621; 8.13607 [2] تقسيم إداري البلد ألمانيا[3][4] التقسيم الأعلى رَيْنُلَند بَلَاتِنَة خصائص جغر…
This article is about chess variants with triangular cells. For Dekle's variants with triangular cells, see Triangular Chess. Triangular Chess and Tri-Chess gameboard and starting position Triangular chess refers to a group of chess variants played on boards composed of triangular cells. The best known is a chess variant for two players, Triangular Chess, invented by George R. Dekle Sr. in 1986.[1][2] Dekle made another variation including fairy pieces which is called Tri-Chess. …
Former dynasty of India AyAy Kingdom in 1st Century CECapital Podhigai Malai (early historic) Vizhinjam (medieval) Common languagesOld Tamil , malayalamReligion Hinduism Succeeded by Venad (historical region) Ay was a dynasty which controlled the south-western tip of the Indian peninsula, from the early historic period up to the medieval period.The clan traditionally held sway over the port of Vizhinjam, the fertile region of Nanjinad, and southern parts of the spice-producing Western Ghat …
Church in AustraliaSt Mary's Church, IpswichSt Mary's church, pictured in 202027°36′36″S 152°45′22″E / 27.61°S 152.7561°E / -27.61; 152.7561AddressMary Street, Woodend, Ipswich, City of Ipswich, QueenslandCountryAustraliaDenominationRoman CatholicWebsiteipswichcatholic.auHistoryStatusChurchFounded25 October 1858 (1858-10-25)Founder(s)Archbishop John Bede PoldingDedicationMary, mother of JesusConsecrated2 October 1904 (1904-10-02)b…
Logo index.hu Index.hu adalah salah satu portal internet dalam bahasa Hungaria yang paling berpengaruh dan populer dengan jumlah pembaca harian yang melebihi satu juta orang.[1] Index didirikan pada tahun 1995 dengan nama Internetto.hu. Dari segi politik, situs ini berhaluan tengah dan cenderung liberal dalam berbagai isu-isu sosial. Saingan utamanya adalah situs Origo.hu hingga akhirnya Origo dijual kepada pebisnis yang dekat dengan pemerintahan Fidesz pada tahun 2015. Beberapa layanan …
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