Events from the year 1639 in England.

• Monarch – Charles I
• Secretary of State – Sir John Coke

• 26 January – King Charles I raises (with difficulty) an army and begins to march north to fight the Scottish Covenanters in the First Bishops' War,^[1] opening the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
• 27 February – Charles denounces the Covenanters.^[1]
• 21 April – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele and Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke imprisoned for refusing to fight against the Covenanters.^[1]
• 25 April – Charles issues a proclamation promising to pardon rebels.^[1]
• 14 May – Charles issues a further proclamation promising to settle the Covenanters' grievances and not to invade Scotland.^[1]
• 19 June – Treaty of Berwick signed between the King and the Covenanters, ending the First Bishops' War.^[1]
• 15 September – Battle of the Downs between the Dutch and Spanish in English waters.^[1]
• 24 November (4 December in Gregorian calendar) – Lancashire astronomers Jeremiah Horrocks and William Crabtree are the first and only scientific observers of a transit of Venus, predicted by Horrocks.

• 7 March – Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond (died 1672)
• c. April – Martin Lister, naturalist and physician (died 1712)
• 8 July – Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester (died 1660)
• 29 September – Lord William Russell, politician (executed 1683)

• January – Shackerley Marmion, dramatist (born 1603)
• 7 November – Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, politician (born c. 1560)
• possible – John Ford, dramatist and poet (born 1586)