Fahnenquallen

Fahnenquallen

Poralia sp.

Systematik
ohne Rang: Holozoa
ohne Rang: Vielzellige Tiere (Metazoa)
ohne Rang: Gewebetiere (Eumetazoa)
Stamm: Nesseltiere (Cnidaria)
Klasse: Schirmquallen (Scyphozoa)
Ordnung: Fahnenquallen
Wissenschaftlicher Name
Semaeostomeae
Agassiz, 1862
Chrysaora quinquecirrha im Monterey Bay Aquarium.

Die Fahnenquallen (Semaeostomeae) oder Fahnenmundquallen sind eine Ordnung der Schirmquallen (Scyphozoa). Sie leben mit etwa fünfzig Arten pelagisch in den oberen Schichten der Weltmeere.

Aussehen

Fahnenquallen haben eine typische Quallenform mit einem eher flachen Schirm und nur kleinen Randlappen. An ihrer Mundöffnung tragen sie die vier Fahnen genannten lang ausgezogenen Kanten des Mundrohres. Sie sind sehr durchsichtig und haben oft eine blaue, gelbe, grüne oder violette Zeichnung. Da sie oft in großen Schwärmen vorkommen kann die Meeresoberfläche von ihnen gefärbt erscheinen. Fahnenquallen können Schirmdurchmesser von wenigen Zentimeter bis über zwei Meter bei einigen Feuerquallen aus der Familie Cyaneidae erreichen. Die becherförmige Polypengeneration ist zwei bis sieben Millimeter klein.

Familien

Informationstafel zu giftigen Quallen in Australien (u. a. zu den vorkommenden Cyanea-Arten (Cyanea rosea & Cyanea annaskala)) und der Behandlung

Arten

Zu den Fahnenquallen gehören die aus der Ostsee und Nordsee bekannte Ohrenqualle (Aurelia aurita), die Kompassqualle (Chrysaora melanaster), die Gelbe Haarqualle (Cyanea capillata), die Leuchtqualle (Pelagia noctiluca) und die Blaue Nesselqualle (Cyanea lamarckii).

Quellen

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ K.A. Raskoff und G. I. Matsumoto: Stellamedusa ventana, a new mesopelagic scyphomedusa from the eastern Pacific representing a new subfamily, the Stellamedusinae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 84(1):37-42, Cambridge University Press 2004 doi:10.1017/S0025315404008884h

Literatur

  • Gruner, H.-E., Hannemann, H.-J., Hartwich, G., Kilias, R.: Urania Tierreich, Wirbellose 1 (Protozoa bis Echiurida). Urania-Verlag, ISBN 3-332-00501-4
Commons: Fahnenquallen – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

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