Калиев карбонат

Калиевият карбонат, наричан още поташ, е бяла сол, разтворима във вода и неразтворима в алкохол. Като сол на силна основа (калиева основа) и слаба киселина (въглеродна киселина) водните ѝ разтвори имат основен (алкален) характер. Реагира със силни киселини с отделяне на въглероден диоксид:

Калиевият карбонат може да се получи ако се остави калиева основа на въздуха:

В древността е била добивана от растителна пепел, която има сравнително високо съдържание на калиев карбонат (50 – 80 %). За разлика от натриевия карбонат, калиевият карбонат не може да се получи по метода на Солвей, тъй като междинният продукт калиев хидрогенкарбонат е много добре разтворим във вода.

Може да се използва за получаването на други съединения на калия:

Използва се още при производството на течен (калиев) сапун и стъкло. В готварството се използва като хранителна добавка (Е501) подобно на натриевия бикарбонат. Приложение намира и като електролит (стопилка) в горивни елементи.

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