São Pedro is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is of 35,980 (2020) in an area of 611.278 km2 (236.02 sq mi).[3]
History
The brothers Joaquim, José and Luiz Teixeira de Barros, who came from Itu, bought the Pinheiros Sesmaria where São Pedro is today. They brought with them: slaves, employees and family members. The Picadão, a road that led from São Paulo to Cuiabá, passed through this same area and where the historic center is today was the so-called Pouso do Pidadão, which was looked after by the cattle driver Floriano de Costa Pereira, known as Florianão.
Of the Teixeira de Barros brothers, Joaquim was considered the “settler” and, as was customary, he built a small chapel whose patron saint was Saint Sebastian. Authorized by the Catholic Church, it was given the name Capela do Picadão.
The name and patron saint did not please the population and it was soon changed to Capela de São Pedro. The fertility of the land attracted other families, and in 1864 the settlement was elevated to the status of Parish. In 1867, the first priest, Father Aurélio Votta, an Italian, arrived. In 1879, the Baron of Iguape, Captain Veríssimo Antônio da Silva Prado, who settled here as a farmer, managed to raise the status of a town. Later, in 1881, he managed to separate Piracicaba from the city and, in 1882, to the district, and the first judge, João Baptista Pinto de Toledo, arrived.
The Italian immigration period of 1890 and the production of coffee gave the municipality a boost.
The railroad branch arrived in 1893. During this coffee period, the Santa Casa de Misericórdia, cemetery, school, jail, city hall and chamber were established, in addition to the main church.
In the 1920s, the search for oil discovered water sources and the beginning of Termas de São Pedro, today Águas de São Pedro, which was emancipated in the 1940s. Around 1934, the then directors of Companhia Petróleos do Brasil, created by Monteiro Lobato in 1931, Ângelo Balloni and Vittorio Miglieta, coordinated the installation of the Balloni II well, which became a landmark for being considered the deepest drilled well reached in Brazil (1,815 m). The rig remains in place to this day.[12]
^"BR Localidades 2010 v1" [BR Locations 2010 v1] (MDB). Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) (in Portuguese). Retrieved 17 March 2019.
^"Significado de são-pedrense" [Meaning of são-pedrense]. Caldas Aulete Online Dictionary (in Portuguese). Lexikon Editora Digital. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
^"Ranking IDHM Municípios 2010" [MHDI Ranking Municipalities 2010]. United Nations Development Programme Brazil (in Portuguese). Retrieved 17 March 2019.
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