Kedaragaula

Kedaragaula
Arohanam	S R₂ M₁ P N₂ Ṡ
Avarohanam	Ṡ N₂ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₂ S

Kedaragaula (pronounced kēdāragaula) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale) from the 28th melakarta scale Harikambhoji, and is sometimes spelled as Kedaragowla. It is a janya scale, as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the ascending scale. It is a combination of the pentatonic scale Madhyamavati and the sampurna raga scale Harikambhoji.^[1] It is a morning rāgam.^[1]^[2]

Structure and Lakshana

Kedaragaula is an asymmetric rāgam that does not contain gandharam and dhaivatam in the ascending scale. It is an audava-sampurna rāgam (or owdava rāgam, meaning pentatonic ascending scale).^[1]^[2] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows:

ārohaṇa : S R₂ M₁ P N₂ Ṡ^[a]
avarohaṇa : Ṡ N₂ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₂ S^[b]

The notes used in this scale are shadjam, chathusruthi rishabham, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam and kaisiki nishadham in ascending scale, with chatusruti dhaivatam and antara gandharam included in descending scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see swaras in Carnatic music.

Popular Compositions

There are many compositions set to Kedaragaula rāgam. Here are some popular kritis composed in this ragam.

Tulasi Bilva mallikadi,O Jagannatha, Karunajaladhi and Venuganaloluni composed by Tyagaraja
Parakela Nannu by Shyama Shastri
Neelakantham,Nilotpalambikayai and Abhayambikayah Anyam Najane by Muthuswami Dikshitar
Saraguna palimpa by Poochi Srinivasa Iyengar
Thandhani karattai by Harini as a devotional composed by Manachanallur Giridharan
Emi gavalene manasa by Gnanananda Teertha (Ogirala Veera Raghava Sarma)
Samikku Sari Evvare by Papanasam Sivan
Gaanakala Viduni by Kalyani Varadarajan
Anda Rama Soundariyam by Arunachala Kavi

Other compositions

Jaya Jaya Gajamukha Laavanyasaara by Kumaramangalam Vid. Srinivasaraghavan

Related Rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Scale similarities

Madhyamavati has a symmetric pentatonic scale, with the notes same as the ascending scale of Kedaragaula. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 M1 P N2 S : S N2 P M1 R2 S
Yadhukula kambhoji is a rāgam which has the chatushruthi dhaivatam in ascending scale in place of the kaisiki nishadham. Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure is S R2 M1 P D2 S : S N2 D2 N2 P M1 G3 R2 S

Notes

^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: S R M P Ṉ Ṡ
- Western: C D F G B♭ C
^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: Ṡ Ṉ D P M G R S
- Western: C B♭ A G F E D C

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Bhagyalekshmy, S. (1990). Ragas in Carnatic music. CBH Publications. ISBN 9788185381039.
^ ^a ^b Rao, B. Subba (1964). Raganidhi: A Comparative Study of Hindustani and Karnatak Ragas. The Music Academy of Madras.