Suryakantam

Carnatic music
Tanjavur-style tambura
Concepts
Śruti Svara Rāga Tāḷa Mēḷakarta Asaṃpūrṇa Mēḷakarta
Compositions
Gītaṃ Svarajati Varṇaṃ Kr̥ti Kīrtana Rāgaṃ Tānaṃ Pallavi Tillana
Instruments
Melody Sarasvati Vīṇā Veṇu Nādasvaraṃ Goṭṭuvādyaṃ (Citra Vīṇā) Violin Percussion Mr̥daṅgaṃ Ghaṭaṃ Morsing Kanjira Thavil Drone Tambura Shruti box
Composers Glossary
v t e

Suryakantam
Arohanam	S R₁ G₃ M₁ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ
Avarohanam	Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S

Suryakantam or Sooryakantam (pronounced sūryakāntam) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 17th melakarta rāgam (parent scale) in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is called Chāyāvati in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.^[1]^[2]

Structure and Lakshana

It is the 5th rāgam in the 3rd chakra Agni. The mnemonic name is Agni-Ma. The mnemonic phrase is sa ra gu ma pa dhi nu.^[1] Its ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see swaras in Carnatic music for details on below notation and terms):

ārohaṇa: S R₁ G₃ M₁ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ^[a]
avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S^[b]

This scale uses the swaras, shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, chathusruthi dhaivatham and kakali nishadham. As it is a melakarta rāgam, by definition it is a sampoorṇa rāgam (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the shuddha madhyamam equivalent of Gamanashrama, which is the 53rd melakarta scale.

Asampurna Melakarta

Chāyāvati is the 17th Melakarta in the original list compiled by Venkatamakhin. The notes used in the scale are the same, but the actual ascending scale is different, where-in the panchamam is not used.

ārohaṇa: S R₁ G₃ M₁ D₂ N₃ Ṡ^[c]
avarohaṇa: Ṡ N₃ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S^[d]

Janya rāgams

Suryakantam has many janya rāgams (derived scales) associated with it, of which Vasanta, Sowrashtram and Bhairavam are popular in concerts. See List of janya rāgams for those associated with Suryakantam.

Compositions

Here are a few common compositions sung in concerts, set to Suryakantam.

Ranga Manege Baro By Sripadaraja
Muddumomu elagu by Thyagaraja
Takkuvemi manaku by Bhadrachala Ramadasu
Sri Sambasivaiyya by Muthiah Bhagavatar
Kanavo ninaivo by Koteeswara Iyer

Related rāgams

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Suryakantam's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam, yields 2 melakarta rāgams, namely Senavati and Latangi. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam. For further details and an illustration refer Graha bhedam on Suryakantam.

Notes

^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: S Ṟ G M P D N Ṡ
- Western: C D♭ E F G A B C
^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: Ṡ N D P M G Ṟ S
- Western: C B A G F E D♭ C
^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: S Ṟ G M D N Ṡ
- Western: C D♭ E F A B C
^
Alternate notations:
- Hindustani: Ṡ N D P M G Ṟ S
- Western: C B A G F E D♭ C

References

^ ^a ^b Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
^ Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras

Melakarta Ragas

Shuddha
Madhyama
Ragas

Indu chakra	1. Kanakangi 2. Ratnangi 3. Ganamurti 4. Vanaspati 5. Manavati 6. Tanarupi
Netra chakra	7. Senavati 8. Hanumatodi 9. Dhenuka 10. Natakapriya 11. Kokilapriya 12. Rupavati
Agni chakra	13. Gayakapriya 14. Vakulabharanam 15. Mayamalavagowla 16. Chakravakam 17. Suryakantam 18. Hatakambari
Veda chakra	19. Jhankaradhvani 20. Natabhairavi 21. Keeravani 22. Kharaharapriya 23. Gourimanohari 24. Varunapriya
Bana chakra	25. Mararanjani 26. Charukesi 27. Sarasangi 28. Harikambhoji 29. Sankarabharanam 30. Naganandini
Ritu chakra	31. Yagapriya 32. Ragavardhini 33. Gangeyabhushani 34. Vagadheeswari 35. Shulini 36. Chalanata

Prati
Madhyama
Ragas

Rishi chakra	37. Salagam 38. Jalarnavam 39. Jhalavarali 40. Navaneetam 41. Pavani 42. Raghupriya
Vasu chakra	43. Gavambhodi 44. Bhavapriya 45. Shubhapantuvarali 46. Shadvidamargini 47. Suvarnangi 48. Divyamani
Brahma chakra	49. Dhavalambari 50. Namanarayani 51. Kamavardani 52. Ramapriya 53. Gamanashrama 54. Vishwambari
Disi chakra	55. Shamalangi 56. Shanmukhapriya 57. Simhendramadhyamam 58. Hemavati 59. Dharmavati 60. Neetimati
Rudra chakra	61. Kantamani 62. Rishabhapriya 63. Latangi 64. Vachaspati 65. Mechakalyani 66. Chitrambari
Aditya chakra	67. Sucharitra 68. Jyoti swarupini 69. Dhatuvardani 70. Nasikabhushani 71. Kosalam 72. Rasikapriya

v t e Janya ragas
A-B	Abheri Abhogi Ahiri Amritavarshini Amritha Kalyani Anandabhairavi Andolika Arabhi Asaveri Atana Bageshri Bahudari Bhairavi Bhimsen Bhupalam Bilahari Bowli
D-J	Darbar Darbari Kanada Devagandhari Dhanyasi Gambhiranata Garudadhvani Gaula Hamsadhvani Hamsanadam Hamsanandi Hindolam Jana Ranjani Jaunpuri
K-L	Kalavati Kalyanavasantam Kambhoji Kāpi Karnataka Shuddha Saveri Kathanakuthuhalam Kedaragaula Kedaram Khamas Lalitha Lavangi
M	Mahati Madhuvanti Madhyamavati Malahari Malayamarutam Mohanakalyani Mohanam Mukhari
N-R	Nada Kalyani Nagasvaravali Nata Nattakurinji Navarasa kannada Niroshta Pharaju Poornachandrika Punnagavarali Ranjani Reethigowla Revagupti Revati
S	Sahana Salaga Bhairavi Saramati Saveri Shivaranjani Sri Tyagaraja Shree ragam Shree ranjani Shuddha Saveri Sindhu Bhairavi Sunadavinodini Surutti
T-V	Thyagaraja Mangalam Tilang Udayaravichandrika (Shuddha Dhanyasi) Valaji Varali Vasantha Yadukulakamboji Yamunakalyani
Carnatic music Swaras Melakarta ragas Asampurna Melakarta ragas List of Janya ragas

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