Junqueirópolis is the name of a city and the surrounding municipality in the western region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The population is 20,831 (2020 est.) in an area of 583 km2[2] (5 km2 of which is city). Its elevation is 421 m. Rio do Peixe (Fish River) and Rio Aguapeí (Aguapeí River) are major rivers of the region.[3][4]
History
At the start of the 20th century this area was largely unexplored and undeveloped. It was not until 1941 that the Companhia Paulista de Estrada de Ferro (São Paulo Locomotive Company) ran railroad tracks through this remote hinterland.[5]
Over the next few years Alvaro de Oliveira Junqueira, a wealthy inhabitant of the city of São Paulo, began buying up land here upon which he established coffeeplantations. On 1 November 1944 the municipal division of Patrimônio de Junqueira (Junqueira's Patrimony) was established and land development proceeded as lots were sold to investors. [5]
Horácio Cajado de Oliveira, Enrique Coutinho and Jose Amatruda were among those that settled here during this period. Another early settler was Torataro Takitami, a representative of the country's growing Japanese Brazilian population.[5]
The municipality was created by state law in 1948.[6]
The municipality contains 16.5% of the 9,044 hectares (22,350 acres) Aguapeí State Park, created in 1998.[7]
Economy
Agriculture
This is the Vitamin C rich fruit for which Junqueirópolis has been nicknamed Capital da Acerola, the "Acerola Capital".
Outside the urban area, Junqueirópolis is a hilly, agricultural region that produces valuable crops that thrive in a subtropicalclimate. For this reason the municipality promotes itself as Cidade Verde, "Green City".[3][5]
Among the fruits grown here, acerola is important enough to the local economy that Junqueirópolis has another nickname -- Capital da Acerola, the "Acerola Capital". In the 1998–1999 season Junqueirópolis produced 2,450 tons of this fruit. The predominant type of acerola produced here is the "Olivier", a variety that is packed with the Vitamin C (1.200 mg/100ml of juice and 1.400 mg/100g of pulp) for which this plant is primarily cultivated and can be cultivated with little pesticide.[3]
Junqueirópolis is also known for its grapes. Among the most widely cultivated varieties of grape in Junqueirópolis are Itália, Benitaka, Brazil and Ruby. Grapes from this region are made into table wines of excellent quality.[3]
Other major crops grown in Junqueirópolis are maize, cotton, and coffee. The importance of produce production to this region is demonstrated in the depiction of the municipal coat of arms shown above which has been illustrated with acerola, grapes, sugarcane, etc.[3][8]
Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo.[9] In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefónica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).[10]
^PES do Aguapeí (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-11-08
^In heraldic terms, the produce shown in this depiction of Junqueirópolis' municipal coat of arms does not form an actual component of the armorial achievement and is considered mere extraneous decoration
_1950,_Acervo_do_Museu_Paulista_da_USP.jpg)
