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Specifications
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	Lot 73: 0-4-2T; Lot 76: 0-4-2ST; Loco 3560: 0-4-4T;
Gauge	Lot 73: 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm); Lot 76: 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm);
Driver dia.	5 ft 0 in (1.524 m)
Trailing dia.	4 ft 0 in (1.219 m)
Wheelbase	16 ft 6 in (5.03 m)
Cylinder size	17 in × 24 in (430 mm × 610 mm) dia × Stroke

Type and origin
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	William Dean
Builder	GWR Swindon Works
Order number	Lots 73, 76
Serial number	1095–1114, 1117–1136
Build date	1887–1889

GWR 3521 class
GWR 3521 class
Power type
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	William Dean
Builder	GWR Swindon Works
Order number	Lots 73, 76
Serial number	1095–1114, 1117–1136
Build date	1887–1889
Configuration:;
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	Lot 73: 0-4-2T; Lot 76: 0-4-2ST; Loco 3560: 0-4-4T;
Gauge	Lot 73: 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm); Lot 76: 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm);
Driver dia.	5 ft 0 in (1.524 m)
Trailing dia.	4 ft 0 in (1.219 m)
Wheelbase	16 ft 6 in (5.03 m)
Cylinder size	17 in × 24 in (430 mm × 610 mm) dia × Stroke
Operators
Career
Operators	Great Western Railway
Numbers	3521–3540, 3541–3560

The 3521 Class were forty tank locomotives designed by William Dean to haul passenger trains on the Great Western Railway. They were introduced as 0-4-2 T locomotives in 1887, but were quickly altered to become 0-4-4 Ts to improve their running. Following two serious accidents they were further altered from 1899 to run as 4-4-0 tender locomotives, in which form the last was withdrawn in 1934.

Locomotives

0-4-2T standard gauge

The first twenty locomotives were turned out in 1887 as 0-4-2 T locomotives for services on the 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge lines.

3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540

0-4-2ST broad gauge

In 1888 a further batch of twenty were ordered as 0-4-2 STs for the 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge lines in Devon and Cornwall.

3541 (1888 - 1890)
3542 (1888 - 1891)
3543 (1888 - 1891)
3544 (1888 - 1890)
3545 (1888 - 1891)
3546 (1888 - 1890)
3547 (1888 - 1891)
3548 (1888 - 1891)
3549 (1888 - 1891)
3550 (1888 - 1890)
3551 (1888 - 1890)
3552 (1888 - 1890)
3553 (1888 - 1890)
3554 (1889 - 1891)
3555 (1889 - 1890)
3556 (1889 - 1890)
3557 (1889 - 1891)
3558 (1889 - 1890)
3559 (1889 - 1890)

0-4-4T broad gauge

3521 Class

Type and origin
Power type	Steam

Specifications
Configuration:
• Whyte	0-4-4 T
Driver dia.	5 ft 0 in (1.524 m)
Trailing dia.	3 ft 6 in (1.067 m)
Wheelbase	21 ft 4 in (6.50 m)

Only changes are shown

Due to the unsteady running of the 0-4-2 STs, the last of the order, 3560, was turned out in August 1889 as a 0-4-4 T bogie side tank. The remainder of the class were altered to a similar layout over the following two years. 3560 was slightly different at this time, having a bogie that was six inches (152 mm) shorter and an overall wheelbase of 20 ft 4 in (6.20 m), rather than the 21 ft 4 in (6.50 m) of the converted locomotives.

3541 (1890 - 1892)
3542 (1891 - 1892)
3544 (1890 - 1892)
3545 (1891 - 1892)
3546 (1890 - 1892)
3548 (1891 - 1892)
3549 (1891 - 1892)
3550 (1890 - 1892)
3551 (1890 - 1892)
3552 (1890 - 1892)
3553 (1890 - 1892)
3554 (1891 - 1892)
3555 (1890 - 1892)
3556 (1890 - 1892)
3557 (1891 - 1892)
3558 (1890 - 1892)
3559 (1890 - 1892)
3560 (1889 - 1892)

0-4-4T standard gauge

3521 Class

Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Designer	William Dean
Builder	Great Western Railway

Specifications
Configuration:
• Whyte	0-4-4 T
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.	5 ft 0 in (1.524 m)
Trailing dia.	3 ft 6 in (1.067 m)
Wheelbase	21 ft 4 in (6.50 m)
Boiler	GWR 2301
Cylinder size	17 in × 24 in (430 mm × 610 mm) dia × Stroke

Career
Operators	Great Western Railway
Class	3521 Class

The standard gauge 0-4-2 Ts were converted to 0-4-4 Ts in the same manner as the broad gauge locomotives, which were all eventually converted to standard gauge. By the end of 1892 the whole class of forty locomotives was to one standard design for the first time.

3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541 (1892 - )
3542 (1892 - )
3543 (1891 - )
3544 (1892 - )
3545 (1892 - )
3546 (1892 - )
3547 (1891 - )
3548 (1892 - )
3549 (1892 - )
3550 (1892 - )
3551 (1892 - )
3552 (1892 - )
3553 (1892 - )
3554 (1892 - )
3555 (1892 - )
3556 (1892 - )
3557 (1892 - )
3558 (1892 - )
3559 (1892 - )
3560 (1892 - 1899)

4-4-0 standard gauge

All forty 0-4-4 T locomotives were rebuilt as 4-4-0 tender locomotives between 1899 and 1902. Twenty-six locos retained their parallel domed boilers while fourteen received new Standard No 3 parallel domeless boilers (later replaced by the taper barrel version of that type).^[1]^[2] (Holcroft states that twenty-six received Standard No 3 boilers.)^[3]

Holcroft^[4] was of the opinion that the original inside and outside frames were modified whereas Le Fleming^[5] was of the opinion that new inside frames would have been required. However as the modification also increased the coupled wheelbase from 7 ft 4 in (2.24 m) to 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m), it is unlikely that much of the original framing was re-used.

Two locomotives, 3521 and 3546, were sold to the Cambrian Railways in August 1921 to replace locomotives destroyed in the Abermule accident. They were allocated Cambrian numbers 82 and 95 respectively but these were never carried, the two locomotives being returned to the Great Western Railway with their original numbers when the two railways were amalgamated at the start of 1922.

Accidents and incidents

On 13 April 1895, locomotives 3536 and 3537, hauling the Cornishman, exceeded the speed limit by 24 miles per hour (39 km/h), damaging the track. A passenger train hauled by 3521 and 3548 consequently derailed between Doublebois and Bodmin Road, Cornwall.^[6]
In 1898, locomotive 3542 derailed near Penryn, Cornwall whilst hauling a mail train. The locomotive rolled down an embankment, killing the driver. The accident was caused by a combination of the condition of the track and the locomotive oscillating. Following this the whole class was rebuilt as 4-4-0 tender locomotives.^[6]

References

^ Gibson, John C. (1984). Great Western locomotive design : a critical appreciation. Newton Abbot [Devon]: David & Charles. p. 45. ISBN 0715386069.
^ le Fleming, H.M. (October 1954). White, D.E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part seven: Dean's Larger Tender Engines. Kenilworth: RCTS. pp. G45–G48. ISBN 0-901115-18-5. OCLC 655235293.
^ Holcroft, Harold (1957). An Outline of Great Western Locomotive Practice 1837-1947. Shepperton: Ian Allan Ltd. p. 79.
^ Holcroft, Harold (1971) [1957]. An Outline of Great Western Locomotive Practice 1837-1947. Shepperton: Ian Allan Ltd. p. 78. ISBN 0-7110-0228-2.
^ le Fleming, H. M. (October 1954). White, D.E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part seven: Dean's Larger Tender Engines. Kenilworth: RCTS. p. G45. ISBN 0-901115-18-5.
^ ^a ^b Trevena, Arthur (1980). Trains in Trouble. Vol. 1. Redruth: Atlantic Books. pp. 10–11. ISBN 0-906899-01-X.

Allcock, N. J.; Davies, F. K.; le Fleming, H. M.; Maskelyne, J. N.; Reed, P. J. T.; Tabor, F. J. (1968) [1951]. White, D. E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part one: Preliminary Survey. Kenilworth: RCTS.
Reed, P.J.T. (February 1953). White, D.E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, Part 2: Broad Gauge. Kenilworth: The Railway Correspondence and Travel Society. ISBN 0-901115-32-0. OCLC 650490992.
Casserley, H.C.; Johnston, S.C. (1966). Locomotives at the Grouping: Great Western Railway. Shepperton: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 0-7110-0555-9.
Russell, J.H. (1975). A Pictorial Record of Great Western Engines, Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-86093-398-9.
Waters, Laurence (1999). The Great Western Broad Gauge. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 0-7110-2634-3.