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Specifications
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	4-4-0
• UIC	2′B h2
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.	3 ft 8 in (1.118 m)
Driver dia.	5 ft 8 in (1.727 m)
Length	56 ft 2+1⁄4 in (17.126 m) over buffers
Width	8 ft 9+1⁄2 in (2.680 m)
Height	12 ft 4+1⁄2 in (3.772 m)
Axle load	17 long tons 12 cwt (39,400 lb or 17.9 t) full
Adhesive weight	34 long tons 8 cwt (77,100 lb or 35 t) full
Loco weight	51 long tons 16 cwt (116,000 lb or 52.6 t) full
Tender weight	36 long tons 15 cwt (82,300 lb or 37.3 t) full
Total weight	88 long tons 11 cwt (198,400 lb or 90 t) full
Fuel type	Coal
Water cap.	3,000 imp gal (14,000 L; 3,600 US gal)
Firebox:
• Grate area	20.35 sq ft (1.891 m2)
Boiler	GWR Standard No. 2; GWR Standard No. 3;
Boiler pressure	200 lbf/in2 (1.4 MPa)
Heating surface:
• Firebox	121.80 sq ft (11.316 m2)
• Tubes	1,144.95 sq ft (106.369 m2)
Superheater:;
• Heating area	82.20 sq ft (7.637 m2)
Cylinders	Two, inside
Cylinder size	18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gear	Stephenson
Train brakes	Vacuum

Type and origin
Type and origin
	Figures given are for 3341 class version
Power type	Steam
Designer	William Dean
Builder	GWR Swindon Works
Order number	Lots 118, 120, 124, 137, 142, 148, 162, 163, 177
Build date	1899–1910
Total produced	136 new + 20 rebuilt from Duke class

GWR Bulldog class
GWR Bulldog class
	3338 Laira c. 1915
Power type
Type and origin
	Figures given are for 3341 class version
Power type	Steam
Designer	William Dean
Builder	GWR Swindon Works
Order number	Lots 118, 120, 124, 137, 142, 148, 162, 163, 177
Build date	1899–1910
Total produced	136 new + 20 rebuilt from Duke class
Configuration:;
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	4-4-0
• UIC	2′B h2
Gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.	3 ft 8 in (1.118 m)
Driver dia.	5 ft 8 in (1.727 m)
Length	56 ft 2+1⁄4 in (17.126 m) over buffers
Width	8 ft 9+1⁄2 in (2.680 m)
Height	12 ft 4+1⁄2 in (3.772 m)
Axle load	17 long tons 12 cwt (39,400 lb or 17.9 t) full
Adhesive weight	34 long tons 8 cwt (77,100 lb or 35 t) full
Loco weight	51 long tons 16 cwt (116,000 lb or 52.6 t) full
Tender weight	36 long tons 15 cwt (82,300 lb or 37.3 t) full
Total weight	88 long tons 11 cwt (198,400 lb or 90 t) full
Fuel type	Coal
Water cap.	3,000 imp gal (14,000 L; 3,600 US gal)
Firebox:
• Grate area	20.35 sq ft (1.891 m2)
Boiler	GWR Standard No. 2; GWR Standard No. 3;
Boiler pressure	200 lbf/in2 (1.4 MPa)
Heating surface:
• Firebox	121.80 sq ft (11.316 m2)
• Tubes	1,144.95 sq ft (106.369 m2)
Superheater:;
• Heating area	82.20 sq ft (7.637 m2)
Cylinders	Two, inside
Cylinder size	18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gear	Stephenson
Train brakes	Vacuum
Tractive effort
Performance figures
Tractive effort	21,060 lbf (93.7 kN)
Operators
Career
Operators	GWR » BR
Power class	GWR: B
Numbers	3353–3372, 3413–3432, 3443–3472, 3701–3745 renumbered 3341–3455 in 1912
Axle load class	GWR: Blue
Withdrawn	1929-1951

The Bulldog and Bird classes were double-framed inside cylinder 4-4-0 steam locomotives used for passenger services on the Great Western Railway.^[1] The Bird Class were a development of the Bulldogs with strengthened outside frames, of which a total of fifteen were built. A total of 121 Bulldogs were built new, with a further twenty rebuilt from Duke Class locomotives. Thirty Bulldogs were later rebuilt as Earl Class locomotives and renumbered 3265 (prototype conversion), 3200-3228.

History

No. 3312 Bulldog was built in October 1898, with curved outside frames, a domed parallel boiler with a raised Belpaire firebox and a wrapper-type smokebox.^[2] The boiler was a prototype for the parallel version of Churchward's Standard No. 2 boilers.^[2] Bulldog was originally classed as a variant of the Duke Class.^[3]

In October 1899 no. 3352 Camel appeared with the final form of the parallel No. 2 boiler, domeless, with a raised Belpaire firebox and a circular drumhead smokebox supported on a curved saddle.^[4] A further twenty locomotives, nos. 3332 to 3351, were built between November 1899 and March 1900.^[5] Between May and December 1900 a second batch of twenty Camels (as the class were initially known) were built with straight-topped outside frames.^[5] These were numbered 3353 to 3372. A third batch, 3413 to 3432 were built between December 1902 and May 1903; these were the last to be built with parallel boilers.^[6]

In September 1903 no. 3443 Birkenhead was built with a tapered Standard No. 2 boiler.^[7] The boiler was tapered only over the rear half of the barrel, and this type became known as the "half-cone"; a later version of the No. 2 boiler was tapered over three-quarters of the barrel.^[8] A further twenty-nine locomotives were built with the half-cone boiler between September 1903 and April 1904, bringing the class total to ninety-one.^[8]

Between April and September 1906 thirty locomotives were built with the three-quarter coned No. 2 boiler.^[8] In March 1906, Bulldog was rebuilt with the same type of boiler, and the class now became known as the Bulldog Class. From October 1906 to January 1909 eighteen of the Duke Class were converted to Bulldogs by the fitting of No. 2 boilers. A further member of the Duke Class, no. 3273 Armorel, had been fitted with a parallel domeless boiler in February 1902, thus becoming a Camel Class locomotive. It ran with tapered boilers of various types from April 1906.^[3]

The Bird Class were a development of the Bulldog Class with deeper outside frames and a new type of bogie.^[1] Previously all outside framed bogies on GWR locomotives had been of the Dean centreless type. Churchward adapted a French design of bogie, as used on the de Glehn Atlantics, to produce a bar-framed bogie for his standard locomotives. This inside-framed bogie design was adapted to produce an outside-framed replacement for the Dean bogie.^[9] The Birds were built in two batches; nos. 3731 to 3735 in May 1909 and nos. 3736 to 3745 from November 1909 to January 1910.^[1]

Table of orders and numbers^[10]
Year	Quantity	Lot No.	Works Nos.	Loco Nos. (new)	Loco nos. (1912)	Frames
1899–1900	20	118	1743–1762	3332–3351	3320–3339	Curved
1899	01	120	1773	3352	3340	Curved
1900	20	124	1806–1825	3353–3372	3341–3360	Straight
1902–03	20	137	1970–1989	3413–3432	3361–3380	Straight
1903	10	142	2003–2012	3443–3452	3381–3390	Straight
1904	20	148	2036–2055	3453–3472	3391–3410	Straight
1906	15	162	2169–2183	3701–3715	3411–3425	Straight
1906	15	163	2184–2198	3716–3730	3426–3440	Straight
1909–10	15	177	2350–2364	3731–3745	3441–3455	Straight, deep (Bird class)

This class were subject to the 1912 renumbering of GWR 4-4-0 locomotives, which saw the Bulldog Class gathered together in the series 3300-3455, and other types renumbered out of that series. The 3300-3455 series had previously contained locomotives of Duke, Badminton, Atbara, City and a number of Bulldog class locomotives. After the renumbering, nos. 3300–19 were former Duke class locomotives rebuilt as Bulldogs between 1902 and 1909; nos. 3320–3440 were those built as Bulldogs; and nos. 3441–55 were the Bird class.^[11]

No. 3320 Avalon was the first of the Bulldog Class to be withdrawn, in August 1929, followed by no. 3365 Charles Grey Mott, withdrawn in January 1930.^[12] The frames of 3365 were used to construct the first of the Earl Class, no. 3265 Tre Pol and Pen.^[13] The last to be withdrawn was no. 3377 Penzance in January 1951.

All of the Bird Class survived into British Railways ownership, being withdrawn between April 1948 and November 1951, the last two being no. 3453 Seagull and no. 3454 Skylark.^[14]

No Bulldogs were preserved; however the frames of no. 3425 survive under Earl no. 9017 'Earl of Berkeley' at the Bluebell Railway.

Accidents and incidents

In 1904, locomotive No. 3460 Montreal was hauling a passenger train with GWR 1661 Class 0-6-0ST No. 1674, when it was derailed at Loughor, Glamorgan due to excessive speed. Five people were killed and eighteen were injured.^[15]

Bulldog Class

First No.	1912 No.	Name	Built	Withdrawn	Notes
3253	3300	Pendennis Castle			Name removed in May 1923
3262	3301	Powderham			Name removed in May 1923
3263	3302	Sir Lancelot
3264	3303	St. Anthony			Name removed in August 1930
3268	3304	River Tamar
3269	3305	Tintagel			Name removed in August 1930
3273	3306	Armorel
3279	3307	Exmoor
3280	3308	Falmouth			Name removed in August 1930
3282	3309	Maristow
3286	3310	St. Just			Name removed in July 1930
3312	3311	Bulldog
3316	3312	Isle of Guernsey
3318	3313	Jupiter
3322	3314	Mersey
3324	3315	Quantock
3325	3316	St. Columb			Name removed in August 1930
3327	3317	Somerset
3330	3318	Vulcan		1946
3331	3319	Weymouth			Name removed in May 1930
3332	3320	Avalon	November 1899	August 1929
3333	3321	Brasenose	November 1899	April 1935
3334	3322	Eclipse	November 1899	March 1935
3335	3323	Etona	November 1899	August 1935
3336	3324	Glastonbury	December 1899	June 1935	Name removed in October 1930
3337	3325	Kenilworth	December 1899	September 1935	Name removed in July 1930
3338	3326	Laira	January 1900	November 1933	Name removed in July 1930
3339	3327	Marco Polo	January 1900	March 1936
3340	3328	Marazion	January 1900	April 1934	Name removed in January 1931
3341	3329	Mars	January 1908	May 1932
3342	3330	Orion	February 1900	August 1938
3343	3331	Pegasus	February 1900	February 1934
3344	3332	Pluto	February 1900	October 1931
3345	3333	Perseus	February 1900	October 1932
3346	3334	Tavy	February 1900	April 1930
3347	3335	Tregothnan	February 1900	October 1948	Name removed in December 1930
3348	3336	Titan	March 1900	January 1936
3349	3337	The Wolf	March 1900	May 1934
3350	3338	Swift	March 1900	November 1933
3351	3339	Sedgemoor	March 1900	April 1936
3352	3340	Camel	October 1899	June 1934
3353	3341	Blasius	May 1900	November 1949
3354	3342	Bonaventura	June 1900	October 1938
3355	3343	Camelot	June 1900	March 1934
3356	3344	Dartmouth	June 1900	January 1934	Name removed in November 1930
3357	3345	Smeaton	June 1900	January 1936
3358	3346	Godolphin	October 1900	January 1934
3359	3347	Kingsbridge	October 1900	August 1936	Name removed in September 1930
3360	3348	Launceston	October 1900	November 1934	Name removed in November 1930
3361	3349	Lyonesse	October 1900	November 1934
3362	3350	Newlyn	November 1900	July 1935	Name removed in July 1930
3363	3351	One and All	November 1900	March 1931
3364	3352	Pendragon	November 1900	November 1933
3365	3353	Plymouth	November 1900	December 1946	renamed Pershore Plum in May 1927
3366	3354	Restormel	November 1900	November 1934	Name removed in September 1930
3367	3355	St. Aubyn	November 1900	January 1934	Name removed in September 1930
3368	3356	Sir Stafford	November 1900	January 1936
3369	3357	Trelawny	November 1900	November 1934
3370	3358	Tremayne	December 1900	November 1945	Name refers to the Cornish family^[16] whose members also included Arthur Tremayne (1827 - 1905) and John Claude Lewis Tremayne (1869 - 1949)
3371	3359	Tregeagle	December 1900	September 1936
3372	3360	Torquay	December 1900	November 1934	Name removed in September 1930
3413	3361	Edward VII	December 1902	September 1947	Name removed in May 1927
3414	3362	Albert Brassey	December 1902	April 1937
3415	3363	Baldwin	January 1903	October 1949	Renamed Alfred Baldwin in April 1903
3416	3364	Bibby	February 1903	June 1949	Renamed Frank Bibby in April 1903
3417	3365	C. G. Mott	February 1903	January 1930	Renamed Charles Grey Mott in January 1904. Rebuilt to Earl 3265
3418	3366	Earl of Cork	February 1903	April 1948	Name removed in May 1936
3419	3367	Evan Llewllyn	February 1903	September 1935
3420	3368	Ernest Palmer	February 1903	March 1935	Renamed Sir Ernest Palmer in February 1916; name removed in January 1924
3421	3369	Mac Iver	February 1903	July 1936	Renamed David Mac Iver in June 1903
3422	3370	Sir John Llewelyn	March 1903	February 1939
3423	3371	Sir Massey	March 1903	November 1944	Renamed Sir Massey Lopes in October 1903
3424	3372	Sir Nigel	March 1903	October 1936	Renamed Sir N. Kingscote in December 1903
3425	3373	Sir W. H. Wills	May 1903	February 1939	Renamed Sir William Henry in January 1906
3426	3374	Walter Long	May 1903	June 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3213
3427	3375	Sir Watkin Wynn	May 1903	September 1947
3428	3376	River Plym	May 1903	September 1948
3429	3377	Penzance	May 1903	March 1951	Name removed in August 1930
3430	3378	River Tawe	May 1903	November 1945	Name removed in 1939
3431	3379	River Fal	May 1903	June 1948
3432	3380	River Yealm	May 1903	March 1938	Rebuilt as Earl 3218
3443	3381	Birkenhead	September 1903	November 1935	Name removed in August 1930
3444	3382	Cardiff	September 1903	November 1949	Name removed in May 1927
3445	3383	Ilfracombe	September 1903	December 1949	Name removed in August 1930
3446	3384	Liverpool	September 1903	May 1936	Renamed Swindon in October 1903; name removed in May 1927
3447	3385	Newport	September 1903	November 1934	Name removed in May 1927
3448	3386	Paddington	September 1903	November 1949	Name removed in May 1927
3449	3387	Reading	October 1903	December 1934	Name removed in May 1927
3450	3388	Swansea	October 1903	October 1935	Name removed in May 1927
3451	3389	Taunton	October 1903	November 1945	Name removed in May 1927
3452	3390	Wolverhampton	October 1903	March 1939	Name removed in May 1927; rebuilt as Earl 3226
3453	3391	Dominion of Canada	January 1904	May 1948
3454	3392	New Zealand	January 1904	March 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3209
3455	3393	Australia	January 1904	November 1949
3456	3394	Albany	January 1904	November 1934
3457	3395	Tasmania	January 1904	August 1948
3458	3396	Natal Colony	January 1904	March 1948
3459	3397	Toronto	February 1904	November 1934
3460	3398	Montreal	February 1904	September 1935
3461	3399	Ottawa	February 1904	October 1947
3462	3400	Winnipeg	February 1904	May 1949
3463	3401	Vancouver	March 1904	November 1949
3464	3402	Jamaica	March 1904	March 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3210
3465	3403	Trinidad	March 1904	January 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3208
3466	3404	Barbados	March 1904	September 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3216
3467	3405	Empire of India	March 1904	April 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3212
3468	3406	Calcutta	March 1904	January 1951
3469	3407	Madras	April 1904	December 1949
3470	3408	Bombay	April 1904	April 1948
3471	3409	Queensland	April 1904	January 1939	Rebuilt as Earl 3224
3472	3410	Columbia	April 1904	November 1936	Rebuilt as Earl 3207
3701	3411	Stanley Baldwin	April 1906	October 1938	Named in January 1909; name removed in July 1937. Rebuilt as Earl 3221
3702	3412	John G. Griffiths	April 1906	March 1936	Named in July 1914. Rebuilt as Earl 3201
3703	3413	James Mason	April 1906	August 1936	Rebuilt as Earl 3205
3704	3414	A. H. Mills	May 1906	October 1938	Named in July 1914; renamed Sir Edward Elgar in 1932; rebuilt as Earl 3220
3705	3415	George A. Wills	May 1906	February 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3211
3706	3416	John W. Wilson	June 1906	May 1936	Rebuilt as Earl 3202
3707	3417	Francis Mildmay	June 1906	April 1948	Renamed Lord Mildmay of Fleet; renamed Lord Mildmay of Flete in 1923
3708	3418	Sir Arthur Yorke	June 1906	August 1949
3709	3419	—	June 1906	August 1949
3710	3420	—	June 1906	September 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3215
3711	3421	—	June 1906	November 1948
3712	3422	Aberystwyth	June 1906	March 1936	Named in June 1913; name removed in August 1930. Rebuilt as Earl 3200
3713	3423	—	June 1906	January 1939	Rebuilt as Earl 3223
3714	3424	—	July 1906	May 1936	Rebuilt as Earl 3203
3715	3425	—	June 1906	February 1938	Rebuilt as Earl 3217
3716	3426	—	July 1906	December 1949
3717	3427	—	July 1906	April 1938	Rebuilt as Earl 3219
3718	3428	—	July 1906	October 1936	Rebuilt as Earl 3206
3719	3429	—	July 1906	September 1939	Rebuilt as Earl 3228
3720	3430	Inchcape	August 1906	December 1948	Named in February 1923
3721	3431	—	August 1906	December 1948
3722	3432	—	August 1906	December 1949
3723	3433	—	August 1906	April 1939	Rebuilt as Earl 3227
3724	3434	Joseph Shaw	August 1906	July 1937	Rebuilt as Earl 3214
3725	3435	—	August 1906	November 1945
3726	3436	—	August 1906	December 1938	Rebuilt as Earl 3222
3727	3437	—	September 1906	March 1939	Rebuilt as Earl 3225
3728	3438	—	September 1906	October 1949
3729	3439	Weston-super-Mare	September 1906	July 1936	Name removed in August 1930. Rebuilt as Earl 3204
3730	3440	—	September 1906	June 1948

Bird Class

First No.	1912 No.	Name	Built	Withdrawn
3731	3441	Blackbird	1909	1949
3732	3442	Bullfinch	1909	1948
3733	3443	Chaffinch	1909	1949
3734	3444	Cormorant	1909	1951
3735	3445	Flamingo	1909	1948
3736	3446	Goldfinch	1909	1948
3737	3447	Jackdaw	1909	1951
3738	3448	Kingfisher	1909	1949
3739	3449	Nightingale	1909	1951
3740	3450	Peacock	1909	1949
3741	3451	Pelican	1910	1951
3742	3452	Penguin	1910	1948
3743	3453	Seagull	1910	1951
3744	3454	Skylark	1910	1951
3745	3455	Starling	1910	1950

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Nock 1977, p. 82
^ ^a ^b Nock 1977, p. 33
^ ^a ^b Nock 1977, p. 77
^ Nock 1977, p. 42
^ ^a ^b Nock 1977, p. 43
^ Nock 1977, p. 54
^ Nock 1977, p. 75
^ ^a ^b ^c Nock 1977, p. 76
^ Nock 1977, p. 81
^ Allcock et al. (1968), pp. 29–31.
^ le Fleming (1954), p. G19.
^ Nock 1978, p. 90
^ Nock 1978, p. 74
^ Nock 1978, p. 92
^ Trevena 1981, p. 23
^ Davies 1993, p. 152

Bibliography

Allcock, N. J.; Davies, F. K.; le Fleming, H. M.; Maskelyne, J. N.; Reed, P. J. T.; Tabor, F. J. (1968) [1951]. White, D. E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part one: Preliminary Survey. Kenilworth: RCTS.
Casserley, H. C. & Johnston, Stuart W. (1966). Locomotives at the Grouping 4: Great Western Railway. Shepperton, Middlesex: Ian Allan Limited. pp. 45–48.
Davies, Ken (April 1993). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part fourteen: Names and their Origins - Railmotor Services - War Service - The Complete Preservation Story. Lincoln: RCTS. ISBN 0-901115-75-4.
le Fleming, H.M. (October 1954). White, D.E. (ed.). The Locomotives of the Great Western Railway, part seven: Dean's Larger Tender Engines. Kenilworth: RCTS. ISBN 0-901115-18-5. OCLC 655235293.
Nock, O.S. (1977). Standard Gauge Great Western 4-4-0s Part 1 Inside Cylinder Classes 1894-1910. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-7411-7.
Nock, O.S. (1978). Standard Gauge Great Western 4-4-0s Part 2 Counties to the Close 1904-1961. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-7684-5.
Trevena, Arthur (1981). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 2. Redruth: Atlantic Books. ISBN 0-906899-03-6.
Whitehurst, Brian (1973). Great Western Engines, Names, Numbers, Types and Classes (1940 to Preservation). Oxford, UK: Oxford Publishing Company. pp. 31–32, 102–103, 139. ISBN 978-0-9028-8821-0. OCLC 815661.