Colonial (Amtrak train)

This article is about the Amtrak service operated from 1976 to 1992. For the service operated until 1973, see Colonial (PRR train).

Colonial
The Colonial at Williamsburg in July 1978
Overview
Service typeInter-city rail
StatusMerged into Northeast Regional
LocaleVirginia
First serviceJune 15, 1976
Last serviceOctober 24, 1992
Former operator(s)Amtrak
Route
TerminiBoston South Station
Newport News
Stops24
Distance travelled643 miles (1,035 km)
Average journey time12 hours and 30 minutes
Service frequencyDaily
Technical
Rolling stockAmfleet
Track gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)

The Colonial was an Amtrak intercity passenger train that operated between Boston, Massachusetts, and Newport News, Virginia, from 1976 to 1992. It was introduced on June 15, 1976, to replace the lightly-used Charlottesville-Newport News section of the James Whitcomb Riley. Certain trips were known as the Senator and Tidewater beginning in the late 1970s. The Richmond-New York City Virginian was added in 1984, with some trips called Potomac from 1985 to 1988.

The Colonial was renamed Old Dominion on October 24, 1992, as part of a series of service changes. Several name changes of Virginia service over the next three years created the Chesapeake, Gotham Limited, James River, New England Express, Tidewater Express, and Manhattan Express, and added a second Richmond trip. Virginia service was merged into the NortheastDirect brand in 1995. A second daily round trip was added as the Twilight Shoreliner in 1997. After subsequent service changes, Amtrak service to Newport News continues as part of the Northeast Regional brand.

History

Previous service

The George Washington at Newport News in 1968

By the time Amtrak took over intercity passenger service in the United States on May 1, 1971, the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) served Newport News with three daily round trips: the Charlottesville–Newport News sections of the George Washington and Fast Flying Virginian / Sportsman, plus a Newport News–Richmond trip.[1] Amtrak kept only one daily round trip to Newport News — a section of the Washington–Cincinnati George Washington. The George Washington was combined with the James Whitcomb Riley on July 12, 1971, to provide through service to Chicago.[2]: 38 

The Newport News section was lightly used — usually not filling a single coach—and passengers between the Tidewater region and the Northeast had to transfer at Charlottesville.[2]: 40  The March 25, 1975 introduction of the Chicago–Norfolk Mountaineer satisfied a federal mandate for Amtrak to provide service between Cincinnati and the Tidewater.[2]: 40  Following studies that indicated a market for direct service between the Tidewater and the Northeast, Amtrak replaced the Riley section with the New York City–Newport News Colonial on June 15, 1976.[2]: 41  The Colonial served as an extension of the southbound Mount Vernon (which was already called Colonial on Saturdays) and the northbound Betsy Ross.[3][4] It used new Amfleet coaches, unlike the aging ex-C&O passenger cars used on the Riley.[3][2]: 50 

Service changes

The Tidewater at Newport News in 1978

Initially, the Colonial ran between Newport News and New York City, except for the Saturday southbound train which originated in Boston.[3] On February 15, 1977, all Colonial service was extended to Boston.[5] Northbound Sunday service changed on May 1, 1977: the Colonial began to originate at Richmond, while the several-hours-later Senator originated at Newport News.[6] A stop at Lee Hall was added on October 30, 1977.[7] Beginning on July 30, 1978, northbound Sunday service became the Newport News-New York City Tidewater, and the Senator returned to its previous schedule.[8] On January 4, 1987, the northbound Colonial collided with Conrail locomotives in Maryland, killing fourteen passengers and two Amtrak employees.[9]

By the early 1980s, Richmond was served by the Colonial/Tidewater plus three long-distance trains—the Palmetto, Silver Meteor, and Silver Star.[10] Because the long-distance trains frequently ran late, only the Colonial/Tidewater provided reliable northbound service from Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Quantico. On October 28, 1984, Amtrak added the daily Richmond–New York Virginian, which was timed to allow commuting to Washington.[11][12] On April 28, 1985, the northbound Sunday Virginian was moved two hours later as the Potomac.[13] The Potomac was discontinued on September 15, 1988; the Colonial began running from Richmond to Boston on Sundays, with the Tidewater continuing to provide Sunday northbound service from Newport News.[14] The April 1990 extension of one Atlantic City Express train to Richmond and the April 1991 separation of the New York–Charlotte Carolinian from the Palmetto increased Washington-Richmond service to seven daily round trips.[15][16]

Later service

A Regional at Williamsburg in 2008

Amtrak made a series of changes to corridor service in Virginia beginning on 1992. On October 25, 1992, both the Virginian and Colonial were cut back from Boston to New York City, and the latter was renamed Old Dominion. A Friday Tidewater round trip was also added.[17] May 2, 1993 saw the additional of Tidewater round trips on Thursday and Saturday southbound / Sunday northbound, plus a southbound-only Sunday trip from Richmond to Newport News. A station stop was added at Williamsburg Pottery Factory.[18] Service levels of the added weekend round trips were adjusted the next February.[19] The southbound weekend Virginian became the Chesapeake on May 1, 1994, with the northbound weekend Old Dominion in turn renamed Virginian.[20] On October 30, 1994, the Sunday Richmond–Newport News trip and a late Friday Newport News-Richmond move (a former deadhead move) were called the James River.[21]

Amtrak began showing Virginia services as part of Northeast Corridor timetables on April 2, 1995. The Old Dominion and Virginian were renamed New England Express and the Lee Hall stop was dropped. A daily Richmond–New York City round trip — the southbound Chesapeake made daily and a new northbound Old Dominion — was added to replace the discontinued Amtrak City Express.[22] On September 10, 1995, the northbound New England Express was renamed Tidewater Express (except for a single Sunday trip from Springfield, which became the Old Dominion), and the northbound Old Dominion was replaced with the Manhattan Express.[23] On October 28, 1995, most of Amtrak's Northeast Corridor services (except for the premium Metroliners and commuter-based Clockers), including the Richmond and Newport News trains, were rebranded as NortheastDirect and lost their individual names.[24][25]

Train names were re-added under the NortheastDirect brand the next year.[25] The daily Newport News train became the Old Dominion, with Tidewater, Virginian, James River, and Potomac assigned to other trips. The daily Richmond trains became the Virginian and the Bay State, the latter of which ran to Boston via Springfield and the Inland Route.[26] The Williamsburg Pottery Factory stop was also discontinued in 1996.[27] On July 10, 1997, the Washington–Boston Night Owl was replaced by the Newport News–Boston Twilight Shoreliner, providing a second daily round trip to Newport News. The Bay State was cut back to Washington and replaced by the Springfield–Richmond Charter Oak, and the Potomac was renamed Gotham Limited.[28] On October 26, 1997, the Chesapeake was cut to New York and renamed Colonial.[29] NortheastDirect trains except for the Twilight Shoreliner again lost their individual names on May 16, 1999.[25][30] The NortheastDirect brand — including the Virginia trains — was renamed Acela Regional in 2000–2001, Regional in 2003, and finally Northeast Regional in 2008.[25] Virginia began funding further expansion of Northeast Regional service in 2009.[31]

References

  1. ^ The C&O/B&O Railroads Passenger Timetable effective June 10, 1967. Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. June 10, 1967 – via Wikimedia Commons.
  2. ^ a b c d e Sanders, Craig (2006). Amtrak in the Heartland. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34705-3.
  3. ^ a b c Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. June 15, 1976. pp. 19, 27 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  4. ^ Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. April 25, 1976. pp. 19, 27 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  5. ^ Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. February 15, 1977. p. 25 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  6. ^ Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. May 1, 1977. pp. 38–39 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  7. ^ "New Fall Schedule Changes Include Shortened Travel Times". Amtrak News. Vol. 4, no. 20. Amtrak. November 1, 1977. p. 2.
  8. ^ National Train Timetables. Amtrak. July 30, 1978. p. 25 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  9. ^ "Railroad Accident Report: Rear-end Collision of Amtrak Passenger Train 94, The Colonial and Consolidated Rail Corporation Freight Train ENS-121, on the Northeast Corridor, Chase, Maryland, January 4, 1987" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. January 25, 1988.
  10. ^ Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. April 29, 1984. p. 28 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  11. ^ "Inaugural Run of the Virginian". Amtrak Archives. Amtrak. April 14, 2011.
  12. ^ Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. October 28, 1984. p. 29 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  13. ^ Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. April 28, 1985. p. 31 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  14. ^ Amtrak National Train Timetables. Amtrak. September 15, 1988. p. 39 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  15. ^ "Change to cut Carolinian's run by 40 minutes". The Charlotte Observer. March 15, 1991.
  16. ^ Amtrak System Train Timetables. Amtrak. April 7, 1991. pp. 40–41 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  17. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Fall/Winter 1992/1993. Amtrak. October 25, 1992. pp. 36–37 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  18. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Spring/Summer 1993. Amtrak. May 2, 1993. pp. 36–37 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  19. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable Revised Edition: Fall/Winter 1993/1994. Amtrak. February 14, 1994. pp. 36–37 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  20. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Spring/Summer 1994. Amtrak. May 1, 1994. pp. 36–37 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  21. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Fall/Winter 1994/1995. Amtrak. October 30, 1994. pp. 36–37 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  22. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Spring/Summer 1995. Amtrak. April 2, 1995. pp. 4–18 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  23. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetables: Fall/Winter 1995/1996. Amtrak. September 10, 1995. pp. 10–23 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  24. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Winter 1996. Amtrak. January 1996. pp. 4–17 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  25. ^ a b c d "A Closer Look: Patriotic Train Names". Amtrak History Blog. Amtrak. June 30, 2014.
  26. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Fall/Winter 1996/97. Amtrak. November 14, 1996. pp. 4–17 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  27. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Spring/Summer 1996. Amtrak. April 14, 1996. pp. 4–17 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  28. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable (Revised Edition): Summer 1997. Amtrak. July 10, 1997. pp. 4–18 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  29. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Fall/Winter 1997-98. Amtrak. October 26, 1997. pp. 8, 14 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  30. ^ Amtrak Northeast Timetable: Spring/Summer 1999. Amtrak. May 16, 1999. pp. 4–18 – via Museum of Railway Timetables.
  31. ^ "Chapter 3: The Virginia Rail System". Virginia Statewide Rail Plan (PDF). Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation. November 2013. pp. 3–20.

Media related to Colonial (Amtrak train) at Wikimedia Commons

Read other articles:

IAKN Manado

Institut Agama Kristen Negeri ManadoJenisPerguruan Tinggi Kristen Negeri di IndonesiaDidirikan2007 (diresmikan tahun 2008)Lembaga indukDirjen Bimas Kristen Kemenag RIRektorDr. Olivia Cherly Wuwung, S.T., M.Pd.AlamatJl. Bougenville, Tateli I, Mandolang, Minahasa, Sulawesi Utara, IndonesiaWarna  UnguNama julukanIAKN ManadoSitus webIAKN Manado Institut Agama Kristen Negeri (IAKN) Manado sebelumnya Sekolah Tinggi Agama Kristen Negeri (STAKN) Manado adalah sebuah perguruan tinggi keagamaan ya...

 

 

Final Copa América 2015

Final Copa América 2015Estadio NacionalTurnamenCopa América 2015 Chili Argentina 0 0 Setelah perpanjangan waktuChili menang 4–1 dalam adu penaltiTanggal4 Juli 2015StadionEstadio Nacional Julio Martínez Prádanos, SantiagoPemain Terbaik Arturo Vidal (Chili)WasitWilmar Roldán (Kolombia)Penonton45.693Cuaca20°C (68°F), Cerah← 2011 2016 → Final Copa América 2015 merupakan pertandingan akhir Copa América 2015, sebuah turnamen sepak bola internasional yang diselenggarakan oleh ...

 

 

Kala Cinta Menggoda (seri televisi)

Kala Cinta MenggodaGenreSinetronPembuatTripar Multivision PlusPemeran Angel Karamoy Nicky Tirta Bunga Citra Lestari Harlan Chaniago Yana Zein Aty Cancer Egy Fedly Bunga Zainal Ronaldo Barky Arie Dwi Andhika Lia Ananta Penggubah lagu temaDidi AGPLagu pembukaKala Cinta Menggoda, ChrisyeLagu penutupKala Cinta Menggoda, ChrisyePenata musikJoseph SaryufNegara asalIndonesiaBahasa asliIndonesiaJawaJmlh. episode10 ([episode])ProduksiProduserRaam PunjabiLokasi produksiJakarta, IndonesiaDurasi60...

Magnoliales

Magnoliales Periode Aptium - Sekarang[1] PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Magnoliales Magnolia wieseneriTaksonomiKerajaanPlantaeSubkerajaanViridiplantaeInfrakerajaanStreptophytaSuperdivisiEmbryophytaDivisiTracheophytaSubdivisiSpermatophytesKladAngiospermaeKladmagnoliidsOrdoMagnoliales Bercht. dan J.Presl, 1820 Tata namaSinonim taksonMyristicales (en)Eupomatiales (en)Degeneriales (en)Himantandrales (en) Ex taxon author (en)Juss. Famililihat teks.lbs Magnoliales adalah salah satu ordo tumb...

 

 

Truesdale Hospital

United States historic placeTruesdale HospitalU.S. National Register of Historic Places Show map of MassachusettsShow map of the United StatesLocationFall River, MassachusettsCoordinates41°43′41″N 71°8′7″W / 41.72806°N 71.13528°W / 41.72806; -71.13528Built1912ArchitectHooper, Parker MorseArchitectural styleColonial RevivalMPSFall River MRANRHP reference No.86000801 [1]Added to NRHPApril 15, 1986 Truesdale Hospital is a historic former...

 

 

Hot Tub Time Machine

2010 American science fiction adventure comedy film directed by Steve Pink Hot Tub Time MachineTheatrical release posterDirected bySteve PinkScreenplay by Josh Heald Sean Anders John Morris Story byJosh HealdProduced by John Cusack Grace Loh John Morris Matt Moore Starring John Cusack Rob Corddry Craig Robinson Clark Duke Crispin Glover Lizzy Caplan Chevy Chase CinematographyJack N. GreenEdited by George Folsey, Jr. James Thomas Music byChristophe BeckProductioncompanies New Crime Productions...

Home (2015 film)

DreamWorks Animation film HomeTheatrical release posterDirected byTim JohnsonScreenplay by Tom J. Astle Matt Ember Based onThe True Meaning of Smekdayby Adam RexProduced by Mireille Soria Suzanne Buirgy Chris Jenkins Starring Jim Parsons Rihanna Steve Martin Matt Jones Jennifer Lopez Edited byNick FletcherMusic byLorne Balfe[1]StargateProductioncompanyDreamWorks AnimationDistributed by20th Century FoxRelease dates March 7, 2015 (2015-03-07) (BIFF) March 27,...

 

 

Pulau Balang Caddi

Balang CaddiKoordinat4°56′32.000″LS,119°25′9.000″BTNegaraIndonesiaGugus kepulauanSpermondeProvinsiSulawesi SelatanKabupatenPangkajene dan KepulauanLuas121.286,2146880 m²Populasi4.050, termasuk penduduk Pulau Balang Lompo (tahun 2007) Nomor 17 menunjukkan lokasi Pulau Balang Caddi Balang Caddi (Makassar: ᨅᨒ ᨌᨉᨗ, translit. Balang Caddi, har. 'tempat genangan air yang kecil') atau Balang Kecil adalah nama sebuah pulau kecil berpenghuni yang berada ...

 

 

Mass spectrum

Tool in chemical analysis Electron ionization mass spectrum of toluene [1]. Note parent peak corresponding to molecular mass M = 92 (C7H8+) and highest peak at M-1 = 91 (C7H7+, quasi-stable tropylium cation). A mass spectrum is a histogram plot of intensity vs. mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) in a chemical sample,[1] usually acquired using an instrument called a mass spectrometer. Not all mass spectra of a given substance are the same; for example, some mass spectrometers break the analyte...

John Randolph (actor)

American actor (1915–2004) John RandolphBornEmanuel Hirsch Cohen(1915-06-01)June 1, 1915New York City, U.S.DiedFebruary 24, 2004(2004-02-24) (aged 88)Los Angeles, California, U.S.OccupationActorYears active1938–2003Spouse Sarah Cunningham ​ ​(m. 1942; died 1986)​Children2 Emanuel Hirsch Cohen (June 1, 1915 – February 24, 2004), better known by the stage name John Randolph, was an American film, television and stage actor.[1&#...

 

 

Martin C. Ansorge

American politician Martin C. AnsorgeMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom New York's 21st districtIn officeMarch 4, 1921 - March 3, 1923Preceded byJerome F. DonovanSucceeded byRoyal H. Weller Personal detailsBornMartin Charles AnsorgeJanuary 1, 1882Corning, New YorkDiedFebruary 4, 1967 (aged 85)New York City, New YorkPolitical partyRepublicanEducationColumbia University (BA, LLB)ProfessionAttorneyMilitary serviceAllegiance United StatesBranch/service United St...

 

 

Nikolaus Pevsner

German-British historian (1902–1983) SirNikolaus PevsnerCBE FBABornNikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner(1902-01-30)30 January 1902Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony, German EmpireDied18 August 1983(1983-08-18) (aged 81)London, EnglandResting placeChurch of St Peter, Clyffe Pypard, Wiltshire, EnglandNationalityBritishAlma mater Leipzig University (PhD) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Humboldt University of Berlin Goethe University Frankfurt Occupation(s)Art and architectural historian...

Westport, New York

Town in New York, United StatesWestport, New YorkTownEssex County Fairgrounds in Westport, with Lake Champlain and Vermont in the backgroundMotto: A gateway to the Adirondack MountainsLocation in Essex County and the state of New YorkCoordinates: 44°11′N 73°26′W / 44.183°N 73.433°W / 44.183; -73.433CountryUnited StatesStateNew YorkCountyEssexGovernment • TypeTown Council • Town SupervisorMichael K. Tyler (R) • Town Coun...

 

 

تغير المناخ في فرنسا

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أغسطس 2021) أثرت موجة الحر الأوروبية في يوليو 2019 على فرنسا بشدة، إذ تج�...

 

 

Aulnay-sous-Bois

Koordinat: 48°56′03″N 2°30′00″E / 48.93417°N 2.50000°E / 48.93417; 2.50000 Aulnay-sous-BoisNegaraPrancisArondisemenLe RaincyKode INSEE/pos93005 /  Aulnay-sous-Bois merupakan sebuah komune di pinggiran timurlaut Paris, Prancis. Terletak 13.9 km (8.6 mil) dari pusat kota Paris. Pada Oktober dan November 2005, daerah ini memperoleh perhatian nasional dan internasional sebagai salah satu tempat terjadinya kerusuhan pinggiran kota Prancis. Nama Nama Au...

Boy George

English musician (born 1961) Boy GeorgeBoy George in 2016BornGeorge Alan O'Dowd (1961-06-14) 14 June 1961 (age 62)Barnehurst, Kent, EnglandOther namesGeorge, Angela Dust (Jesus Loves You)[1]OccupationsSingersongwriterdisc jockeymixed media artistactorYears active1979 (1979)–presentMusical careerGenres Pop new wave soul soft rock disco reggae Instrument(s) Vocals turntables DiscographyBoy George discographyLabels EMI Virgin Epic Sire More Protein Plan A Recor...

 

 

Pirate Party

Type of political party For specific political parties with this name, see List of Pirate Parties. This article needs to be updated. The reason given is: Map of elected pirates is heavily outdated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (October 2021) Pirate Party IdeologyPirate politics Civil libertarianism Anti-corruption and E-democracy Direct and participatory democracy Copyright and patent reform Software and Internet freedom Part of a se...

 

 

Braking chopper

Braking chopper Braking choppers, sometimes also referred to as braking units, are used in the DC voltage intermediate circuits of frequency converters to control voltage when the load feeds energy back to the intermediate circuit. This arises, for example, when a magnetized motor is being rotated by an overhauling load and so functions as a generator feeding power to the DC voltage intermediate circuit.[1][2] They are an application of the chopper principle, using the on-off ...

Сирський Олександр Станіславович

Олександр Станіславович Сирський  Генерал-полковник Генерал-полковник Сирський (2022).Загальна інформаціяНародження 26 липня 1965(1965-07-26) (58 років)Новинки, Владимирська область, РРФСР, СРСРГромадянство СРСР УкраїнаAlma Mater Московське вище військове командне училище,Націона�...

 

 

1829 braille

Louis Braille's original braille alphabet Braille(first edition)Script type alphabet Time period1824 to ca. 1837LanguagesFrenchRelated scriptsParent systemsnight writingBraille(first edition)Child systemsmodern French BrailleUnicodeUnicode range(not supported) Louis Braille's original publication, Procedure for Writing Words, Music, and Plainsong in Dots (1829),[1] credits Barbier's night writing as being the basis for the braille script. It differed in a fundamental way from modern b...