Clocker (train)

Clocker
A GG1 pulling a Clocker departing Philadelphia in 1976
Overview
Service typeInter-city rail
StatusDiscontinued
LocaleNortheast Corridor
First service1910s
Last serviceOctober 28, 2005
SuccessorNJ Transit
Former operator(s)Pennsylvania Railroad, Amtrak
Route
TerminiPhiladelphia
New York
Distance travelled91 miles (146 km)
Average journey time95–110 minutes
Service frequencyMultiple weekday round-trips
On-board services
Class(es)Unreserved coach
Technical
Rolling stockAmfleet coaches
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)
ElectrificationOverhead catenary
Track owner(s)Amtrak
Route map
Dist.
Station
0 mi
0 km
New York City enlarge…
NJ Transit
10 mi
16 km
Newark Penn
Newark Light RailPort Authority Trans-HudsonNJ Transit
25 mi
40 km
Metropark
NJ Transit
33 mi
53 km
New Brunswick
NJ Transit
48 mi
77 km
Princeton Junction
NJ Transit
58 mi
93 km
Trenton
NJ Transit
74 mi
119 km
Cornwells Heights
87 mi
140 km
North Philadelphia
SEPTA Subway-Elevated Lines
91 mi
146 km
Philadelphia–30th Street
SEPTA Subway–Surface Trolley LinesSEPTA Subway-Elevated LinesNJ Transit

The Clocker was a passenger train service between Philadelphia and New York City on the Northeast Corridor at first by the Pennsylvania Railroad and later by Amtrak. The service was nicknamed the Clocker by riders as trains were scheduled to leave each terminal at the top of the hour. The name was eventually adopted into official use by Amtrak in 1981. The service was briefly renamed Acela Commuter in 1999 before the name reverted to Clocker in 2003.

Amtrak discontinued the service on October 28, 2005, and it was partially replaced by additional NJ Transit express trains between Trenton, New Jersey, and New York City at times approximating the Clocker schedule.

History

Pennsylvania Railroad

The Clocker was originally a Pennsylvania Railroad express train service between New York and Broad Street Station in Philadelphia;[1] the name was unofficial, and PRR timetables did not use it. Soon after New York Penn Station opened in 1910, the express trains began departing New York and Philadelphia on the hour through the day, giving rise to the Clocker name (which the railroad itself seems never to have used). Until the electrification of the Northeast Corridor in 1933, most Clockers were scheduled to both leave and arrive on each hour, but faster schedules after electrification eliminated the on the hour arrival.

Pennsylvania Railroad cut back on the schedule, and by the time Amtrak took over the nation's passenger rail service on May 1, 1971, the Clocker service no longer ran hourly.

Amtrak

An Amtrak Clocker train pulled by a NJ Transit locomotive at Philadelphia's 30th Street Station in 2003

At the launch of Amtrak, the railroad assigned each run an individual name (listed in the table below). Starting with the October 1981 timetable, Amtrak officially adopted the Clocker name for the service.[2] The trains were unreserved, coach class only, and Amtrak targeted the Clocker service at commuters travelling to local stops bypassed by the high-speed Metroliner trains, the Regional trains, and other named long-distance trains.

During the 1990s, NJ Transit started contracting with Amtrak to accept their monthly passes on the Clocker trains. These two decisions drastically shifted the clientele on the trains. Monthly ticket holders from New Jersey preferred the Clocker trains over the NJ Transit trains because they were faster and more comfortable, meanwhile, Amtrak's passengers avoided the Clocker trains because they were slower and frequently crowded. Also, the monthlies meant that few passengers traveled to or from Philadelphia.

Until 2002, the 7:59 AM Clocker from Princeton Junction included a private club car known as Club 200 that members paid up to $1,200 per year to join (equivalent to $2,033 in 2023). This was the last private club car used in regular commuter service on the Northeast Corridor.[3]

When the Acela Express was introduced in 1999, Amtrak launched what it called the Capstone Program, a short-lived plan to re-brand the NortheastDirect, Keystone Service and Empire Service trains as Acela Regional and the Clocker trains as Acela Commuter.[4] Following mass rider confusion between this service and the high-speed Acela Express service, the name reverted to Clocker in 2003.[5]

By the early 2000s, NJ Transit was paying $6 million per year to compensate Amtrak for monthly ticket holders riding Clocker trains,[6] and was loaning Amtrak its new ALP-46 locomotives to haul the trains' Amfleet coaches.

On October 28, 2005, Amtrak discontinued the Clocker service altogether and sold the Northeast Corridor operating slots to NJ Transit which used them to partially replace the service with additional Northeast Corridor Line express trains between Trenton and New York City at times approximating the Clocker schedule.[7]

Naming

Name[8]: 244  Number Notes
New York-Philadelphia
Philadelphian 237
Betsy Ross 211 Sunday-only service ran Springfield-Washington
Keystone 219 Also the name of a Keystone Service train 1980–1981; see Valley Forge
Garden State 221
William Penn 223
Quaker City 225
Rittenhouse 227, 241
Schuylkill 229 Discontinued April 26, 1980
Philadelphia-New York
Manhattan Limited 252
Gotham 254
Edison 200
New Yorker 202
Big Apple 204 Also the name of a Keystone Service train 1980–1994; see Valley Forge
Central Park 210 Discontinued April 26, 1980
Murray Hill 220
Herald Square 222

Notes

  1. ^ Rung, Jr., A. M. (January 1948). "Philly's personality trains". Trains.; 15
  2. ^ "National Train Timetables". Amtrak. October 25, 1981. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  3. ^ Kennedy, Randy (May 22, 2002). "Lots of Seats, but Sorry, This Car's Taken". The New York Times. p. A1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
  4. ^ Machalaba, Daniel (March 28, 1999). "Metroliner Name on Past Track". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 16, 2021 – via The Wall Street Journal.
  5. ^ "Acela Service: Refreshing the Amtrak Brand — Amtrak: History of America's Railroad". Amtrak History. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
  6. ^ Belson, Ken (July 8, 2007). "Multilevel Train Rolls Out, Changing Little for Riders". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
  7. ^ "More Capacity, Express Service With Timetable Change: Four express trains to replace discontinued Amtrak Clockers; More frequent service at stations from Jersey Ave. to Metropark; Weekend "Holiday Express" service on the NEC and M&E lines". njtransit.com. New Jersey Transit. October 12, 2005. Archived from the original on March 1, 2000. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  8. ^ Warner, David C.; Goldberg, Bruce (2021). Fifty Years of Amtrak Trains: A Comprehensive Survey of Amtrak Routes: 1971–2021. Bucklin, Missouri: White River Productions. ISBN 978-1-932804-70-6.