The new regime was facing financial difficulties, with foreign trade almost stagnant, cotton and cane sugar prices declining, and the privilege customs to England, in force since 1810, continuing. This financial instability led to riots that erupted throughout the Empire of Brazil in that period.
Emperor Pedro II at age 12 wearing a court dress and the Order of the Golden Fleece, 1838
The Cabanada movement was active in Pernambuco, Alagoas, and Pará, but insurrections arose in different places and different times. The first one deals with the revolt in Pernambuco and Alagoas and the second in the Pará region.
Pernambuco and Alagoas
In Pernambuco, where the rebellion was known as "The War of Cabanada," the conservative Cabanadas demanded the return of the Portuguese monarch to the throne of Brazil.[1] Rioting occurred in Zona da Mata and Agreste. Its leader was Vicente de Paula, with followers of humble origin, predominantly Indians (Jacuípe and others) and slaves on the run (called papaméis).
The insurrection of Cabanada in Pará was more severe because it was a nationalist movement and wanted the independence of the province. It lasted about 5 years, pacified by the Marechal Soares de Andréa, Baron Caçapava at the expense of several bloody conflicts and executions of insurgents.
At the end of Cabanada, the leader Vicente de Paula was arrested and sent to the island of Fernando de Noronha
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