This paleoentomology list records new fossilinsecttaxa that were to be described during the year 2021, as well as notes other significant paleoentomology discoveries and events which occurred during that year.
A Lophocoronidae moth. The type species is A. skalskii The genus also includes A. bowangi, A. kuranishii, A. muelleri, A. sattleri, A. spinifera, & A. wichardi.
A member of Opomyzoidea, the type genus of the new family Clusiomitidae. The type species is "Acartophthalmites" clusioides Roháček (2016); genus also includes new species C. ornatus.
Baranov et al. (2021) document a high diversity of fly larvae from the Eocene Baltic amber, preserving taxonomically, morphologically, and ecologically important characters, and evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the functional ecology of the Eocene fly larvae.[54]
A member of the family Mesopsychidae. Originally described as a species of Mesopsyche; transferred by Lian et al. (2024) to the genus Turbidapsyche.[59]
A member of the family Mesopsychidae. Originally described as a species of Mesopsyche; transferred by Lian et al. (2024) to the genus Turbidapsyche.[59]
A member of Archaeorthoptera belonging to the group Cnemidolestodea. Genus includes new species P. punctatum Dvořák et al. and P. avionensis Nel & Roques.[66]
Originally described as a short-winged flower beetle; subsequently argued to be a sap beetle belonging to the subfamily Apophisandrinae[137] or a member of the separate family Apophisandridae.[138] The type species is P. vivificus .
A soldier beetle. The type species is P. panna. Fanti & Müller (2022) considered the genus Palaeocantharis to a be a junior synonym of the genus Elektrokleinia, though the authors maintained P. panna as a distinct species within the latter genus.[157]
A study on the evolution of beetles from the Early Permian to Middle Triassic, evaluating the impact of the Permian–Triassic extinction event on beetle diversity, is published by Zhao et al. (2021).[189]
Revision of Notocupes undatabdominus and N. ? multituberatus from the Lower Cretaceous of South China is published by Li, Huang & Cai (2021), who argue that both species do not belong to the genus Notocupes, transfer N. ? multituberatus to the genus Lasiosyne, and consider "N." undatabdominus to be likely a member of the family Artematopodidae.[190]
The oldest solid wood-borer larvae reported to date (belonging to the families Buprestidae and possibly Cerambycidae) are described from the Cretaceous amber from Myanmar by Haug et al. (2021).[191]
Mitochondrial genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA of beetles, in some cases identifiable to species, are recovered from pack rat middens from California (United States) and Baja California (Mexico) dating up to ~ 34,355 years before present by Smith et al. (2021).[192]
A member of Corydioidea, the type genus of the new family Fractaliidae Vršanský & Hinkelman. The type species is F. articulata Hinkelman; genus also includes new species F. aristovi Vršanský.
A member of Holocompsinae. Genus includes new species S. equatorialis. The generic name is preoccupied by Sajda Dworakowska (1981); Jiang, Xing & Li (2023) coined a replacement name Vrsanskysajda.[218]
A termite belonging to the family Tanytermitidae. Genus includes new species T. philetaerus.
Dictyopteran research
A study on the phylogenetic placement of the family Umenocoleidae, based on data from a new specimen of Umenocoleus sinuatus from the Lower Cretaceous Zhonggou Formation (China), is published by Liuo et al. (2021).[220]
Description of new alienopteridnymphs from the Cretaceous Burmese amber, and a study on life history and affinities of alienopterids, is published by Luo et al. (2021).[221]
A study on the sensory organs of Huablattula hui, and on their implications for the knowledge of the ecology of this cockroach, is published by Taniguchi et al. (2021).[222]
Guo et al. (2021) report the discovery of two queen ant specimens from Burmese amber, belonging to the species Haidomyrmex cerberus and including the first known alate queen in Haidomyrmex.[281]
A member of the family Babinskaiidae. The type species is X. lepidotricha.
Neuropteran research
Review of the known record of spoon-winged lacewing larvae is published Haug, Haug & Haug (2021), who report two specimens from the Cretaceous amber from Myanmar which might represent the first known larvae of members of the subfamily Nemopterinae in the fossil record.[295]
New lacewing larvae with elongated mouthparts are described from the Cretaceous amber from Myanmar by Haug et al. (2021), who also review the morphological diversity of fossil lacewing larvae.[296]
A member of Palaeodictyoptera belonging to the family Eugereonidae.
Palaeodictyopteran research
A study on the anatomy of fossil specimens described as consecutive series of different larval stages of palaeodictyopteran species Tchirkovaea guttata and Paimbia fenestrata, evaluating their implications for the knowledge of wing development in palaeodictyopterans, is published by Rosová, Sinitshenkova & Prokop (2021).[304]
Sroka et al. (2021) provide new information on the morphology of Permian stem-mayflies Misthodotes sharovi and M. zalesskyi from the Tshekarda locality (Kungurian Koshelevka Formation; Perm Krai, Russia), and infer the life history traits of both the adult and larval stages of these insects.[309]
Possible underwater mayfly burrows are described from the TuronianFerron Sandstone (Utah, United States) by King et al. (2021), who interpret this finding as evidence that burrowing mayflies adapted to domicile filter-feeding during or prior to the Turonian, and name a new ichnospeciesGlossifungites gingrasi.[310]
A collective group name for any fossil species referable to the Dysagrioninae whose orthotaxon generic affinity is unclear. Includes new species D. delinei.
A member of the family Dysagrionidae. The type species is O. threadgillae; genus also includes new species O. hobani, O. beardi, O. lochmum, O. angustum, O. dorrellae, O. liquetoalatum and O. worleyae.
Archibald et al. (2021) establish a new, extinct suborder of Odonata named Cephalozygoptera, close to but distinct from damselflies, composed of the families Dysagrionidae, Sieblosiidae and possibly Whetwhetaksidae;[314] their study is subsequently criticized by Nel & Zheng (2021), who consider evidence presented by Archibald et al. to be insufficient to support a new clade, and reject the suborder Cephalozygoptera as unfounded.[325][326]
A member of the family Tingidae. Genus includes new species M. leptosoma. Subsequently Heiss & Golub (2021) considered this species to be a junior synonym of Burmavianaida anomalocapitata.[362]
Redescription of the holotype specimen of Paranoika placida is published by Moura-Júnior et al. (2021), who transfer this species to the genus Lethocerus, and consider this species to be the senior synonym of Lethocerus vetus.[379]
A fulgorid specimen, representing the oldest occurrence of this family in the fossil record in Asia, is described from the Eocene Lunpola Basin (Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China) by Xu et al. (2021).[380]
Revision of the fossil record of Fulgoromorpha and Cicadomorpha from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of eastern Asia is published by Chen (2021).[381]
A member of the family Cormopsocidae. Genus includes new species S. jiewenae.
Psocodean research
Four bark lice carrying sand granules and organic material atop their back are described from the Cretaceous amber from Myanmar by Kiesmüller et al. (2021), who interpret this finding as the first fossil evidence of masking behaviour in Cretaceous representatives of Psocodea.[392]
A member of Polyneoptera of uncertain phylogenetic placement, belonging to the new family Magicivenidae. The type species is M. sticta; genus also includes M. elegans and M. antennalis.
A member of Grylloblattida belonging to the family Liomopteridae.
Other insect research
A well-preserved full-body impression of an elongate winged insect strongly resembling stick insects is described from the Permian (Wordian) Pelitic Formation (France) by Logghe et al. (2021), who name a new ichnotaxonPhasmichnus radagasti.[411]
A dragonfly-type odonatopteran larva, preserving ancestral morphological characters maintained in mayflies but lost in modern odonatan larvae, is described from the Cretaceous Burmese amber by Haug, Müller & Haug (2021).[412]
General research
Revision of the fossil record of insects from the Triassic of China is published by Zhang et al. (2021).[413]
A study on the diversity of insect damage types in fossil plants from the Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian) Dakota Formation (United States), evaluating their implications for the knowledge of the early evolution of angiosperm florivory and associated pollination, is published by Xiao et al. (2021).[414]
^Maccracken, S. A.; Sohn, J.-C.; Miller, I. M.; Labandeira, C. C. (2021). "A new Late Cretaceous leaf mine Leucopteropsa spiralae gen. et sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) represents the first confirmed fossil evidence of the Cemiostominae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 19 (2): 131–144. doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.1881177. S2CID233194385.
^Melnitsky, S. I.; Ivanov, V. D.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2021). "A new species of the fossil genus Electrotrichia (Insecta: Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Rovno amber (Zhytomyr region, Olevsk locality)". Palaeoentomology. 4 (5): 421–424. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.5.4. S2CID240542805.
^Melnitsky, S. I.; Ivanov, V. D.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2021). "A new species of the genus Holocentropus (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) from Rovno amber". Zoosystematica Rossica. 30 (2): 298–302. doi:10.31610/zsr/2021.30.2.298. S2CID245185514.
^ abcWichard, W.; Müller, P.; Xu, C.-P. (2021). "The odontocerid genera Psilotreta and Palaeopsilotreta (Insecta, Trichoptera) embedded in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber". Palaeoentomology. 4 (4): 331–338. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.4.8. S2CID239650542.
^Melnitsky, S. I.; Ivanov, V. D.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2021). "A new species of Plectrocnemia (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) from Rovno amber". Zootaxa. 5006 (1): 106–109. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.14. PMID34810582. S2CID239644442.
^Lamas, C. J. E.; Sampronha, S.; Ribeiro, G. C. (2021). "A new robber fly from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) Crato Formation of NE Brazil (Insecta: Diptera: Asilidae)". Cretaceous Research. 131: Article 105114. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105114.
^Liu, Y.M.; Huang, D.Y. (2021). "A new species of Crenoptychoptera Kalugina, 1985 (Diptera: Ptychopteridae) from the Middle–Late Jurassic of Jiyuan Basin, China". Palaeoentomology. 4 (1): 27–29. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.1.5. S2CID233927262.
^Lukashevich, E. D.; Amorim, D. de S.; Ribeiro, G. C. (2021). "A Gondwanan record of the extinct genus Cretobibio (Diptera: Bibionidae)". Palaeoentomology. 4 (5): 468–474. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.5.13. S2CID244210389.
^Carmo, D. d.D.; Lamas, C. J. E.; Ribeiro, G. C. (2021). "The oldest fossil Stiletto fly: a new genus and species from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil (Diptera: Therevidae)". Cretaceous Research. 130: Article 105039. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105039. S2CID244212150.
^Giłka, W.; Harbach, R. E.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2021). "Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Eocene amber from the Rovno region, Ukraine". Zootaxa. 5016 (2): 257–270. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5016.2.6. PMID34810451. S2CID238838914.
^ abPeñalver, E.; Arillo Aranda, A.; Szadziewski, R.; Stilwell, J. D. (2021). "Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the middle Eocene Anglesea amber (Australia) originated in a subpolar greenhouse earth". Historical Biology. 34 (3): 425–435. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1924700. S2CID236275915.
^Szadziewski, R.; Sontag, E.; Pankowski, M. V. (2021). "A new biting midge of the genus Forcipomyia Meigen, 1818 from Miocene Ethiopian amber (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)". Palaeoentomology. 4 (5): 441–444. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.5.9. ISSN2624-2826. S2CID244172069.
^ abcdRibeiro, G. C.; Santos, R. R.; Santos, D. (2021). "Four new species of the genus Leptotarsus Guérin-Méneville, 1831 (Insecta: Diptera: Tipulidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil". Cretaceous Research. 123: Article 104776. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104776. S2CID233902054.
^Curler, G. R.; Skibińska, K. (2021). "Paleotelmatoscopus, a proposed new genus for some fossil moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae, Psychodinae) in Eocene Baltic amber, with description of a new species". Zootaxa. 4927 (4): 505–524. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4927.4.2. ISSN1175-5326. PMID33756688. S2CID232339113.
^Zhang, Q.; Zhang, J. (2021). "New record of Zhangsolva Nagatomi & Yang, 1998 (Diptera, Zhangsolvidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber and its implications". In S-C. Chang; D. Zheng (eds.). Mesozoic Biological Events and Ecosystems in East Asia. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Vol. 521. The Geological Society of London. pp. 139–148. doi:10.1144/SP521-2021-150. S2CID245059011.
^Poschmann, M. J.; Nel, A. (2021). "The first Permian scorpionfly from Germany (Insecta, Panorpida: Protomeropidae)". Palaeoentomology. 4 (3): 231–236. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.3.10. S2CID237881817.
^Lian, X.; Cai, C.; Huang, D. (2021). "A new orthophlebiid scorpionfly (Insecta, Orthophlebiidae) from the Late Jurassic Linglongta biota of northern China". Historical Biology. 33 (12): 3585–3589. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1878512. S2CID233934478.
^ abLian, X.; Cai, C.; Huang, D. (2021). "New species of Mesopsyche Tillyard, 1917 (Mecoptera: Mesopsychidae) from the Triassic of northwestern China". Zootaxa. 4995 (3): 565–572. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4995.3.10. PMID34810550. S2CID237782965.
^ abcDvořák, T.; Pecharová, M.; Leipner, A.; Nel, A.; Prokop, J. (2021). "New archaeorthopteran insects from the Pennsylvanian of Piesberg reveal unexpected mosaic of morphological traits and colouration pattern of the tegmina". Historical Biology. 33 (12): 3375–3383. doi:10.1080/08912963.2020.1867127. S2CID234189184.
^Nel, A.; Roques, P. (2021). "The second species of the cnemidolestid genus Piesbergopterum from the Upper Carboniferous of Avion, Northern France (Archaeorthoptera: Cnemidolestidae)". Palaeoentomology. 4 (4): 323–325. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.4.6. S2CID239687328.
^ abDu, X.; Xu, C.; Zhang, L. (2021). "Two new pygmy mole crickets from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of northern Myanmar (Orthoptera: Tridactyloidea: Tridactylidae)". Cretaceous Research. 129: Article 105002. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105002. ISSN0195-6671. S2CID238648688.
^Kim, D.-Y.; Lee, M.; Nam, G.-S.; Park, T.-Y. S. (2021). "The first orthopteran fossils from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Jinju Formation of Korea: ethological implications for elcanids". Cretaceous Research. 125: Article 104843. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12504843K. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104843.
^Nel, A.; Poschmann, M. J. (2021). "A new archaeorthopteran insect from the Early Permian of the Saar-Nahe Basin, SW Germany". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 301 (1): 79–84. doi:10.1127/njgpa/2021/0998. S2CID237729949.
^Kirichenko-Babko, M.; Perkovsky, E. E.; Vasilenko, D. V. (2021). "A new genus and species of Lebiini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from late Eocene Rovno amber". Historical Biology. 34 (3): 436–442. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1924701. S2CID241825804.
^Lee, S. B.; Nam, G.-S. (2021). "A new species of fossil Calosoma (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the Geumgwangdong Formation (Early Miocene), South Korea". Zootaxa. 5072 (1): 1–11. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5072.1.1. PMID35390890. S2CID248024592.
^Yan, E. V.; Strelnikova, O. D.; Ponomarenko, A. G. (2021). "Jurodidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata) from Transbaikalia: new findings and redescription of type material". Palaeoentomology. 4 (6): 604–613. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.6.9. S2CID245203743.
^Jarzembowski, E. A.; Zheng, D.; Zhao, X. (2021). "Is the beetle Omma (Insecta: Coleoptera) a living fossil?". In S-C. Chang; D. Zheng (eds.). Mesozoic Biological Events and Ecosystems in East Asia. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Vol. 521. The Geological Society of London. pp. 161–169. doi:10.1144/SP521-2021-56. S2CID244091355.
^Strelnikova, O. D.; Yan, E. V. (2021). "Redescriptions of beetles of the Notocupes generic complex (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Ommatidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Buryatia". Palaeoentomology. 4 (5): 499–514. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.5.15. S2CID240527664.
^Tihelka, E.; Li, Y.-D.; Huang, D.-Y.; Cai, C.-Y. (2021). "Are wounded-tree beetles living fossils? A new nosodendrid genus from Burmese amber with bilobed tarsi (Coleoptera: Nosodendridae)". Palaeoentomology. 4 (1): 50–56. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.1.10. S2CID233894693.
^Kolibáč, J.; Alekseev, V. I.; Kairišs, K.; Bukejs, A. (2022). "Systematic placement and new data on the checkered beetles Aberrokorynetes Winkler and Visokorynetes Winkler (Coleoptera: Cleridae) from Eocene Baltic amber obtained from X-ray tomography". Historical Biology. 34 (10): 1972–1980. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1994561. S2CID240056175.
^Legalov, A. A.; Poinar, G. (2022). "A new species of the genus Archaeosciaphilus Legalov, 2012 (Coleoptera: Сurculionidae) with a list of Entiminae weevils described from Baltic amber". Historical Biology. 34 (11): 2218–2223. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.2007530. S2CID252905207.
^Legalov, A. A. (2021). "First record of the family Chilecarinae (Coleoptera; Ithyceridae) from the Upper Cretaceous Arkagala Formation, Magadan Region, Russian Far East". Cretaceous Research. 128: Article 105001. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12805001L. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105001.
^Nabozhenko, M. V.; Bukejs, A. (2021). "The first fossilized comb-clawed beetle of the genus Asiomira Dubrovina, 1973 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Alleculinae) from Baltic Amber and notes on the distribution of extant species of the genus". Zootaxa. 5082 (2): 177–184. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5082.2.7. PMID35390973. S2CID245227981.
^Legalov, A. A. (2021). "First record of orsodacnid leaf beetle (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil". Historical Biology. 34 (3): 453–457. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1929204. S2CID236395989.
^Poinar, G.; Legalov, A. A. (2021). "First record of the tribe Lymantini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Dominican amber". Historical Biology. 34: 67–71. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1893717. S2CID242522689.
^Legalov, A. A.; Nazarenko, V. Yu.; Vasilenko, D. V.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2021). "Ceutorhynchus Germar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) as proxy for Eocene core Brassicaceae: first record of the genus from Rovno amber". Journal of Paleontology. 96 (2): 379–386. doi:10.1017/jpa.2021.82. S2CID240546489.
^Zhao, Y.; Liu, Z.; Yu, Y.; Shih, C.; Ślipiński, A.; Ren, D. (2021). "First species of Prionoceridae from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Cleroidea)". Cretaceous Research. 133: Article 105118. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105118. S2CID245058205.
^ abSolórzano-Kraemer, M. M.; Hammel, J. U.; Kunz, R.; Xu, C.-P.; Cognato, A. I. (2023). "Miocene pinhole borer ambrosia beetles: new species of Diapus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae)". Palaeoworld. 32 (4): 658–668. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2021.10.001. S2CID240104595.
^ abcdefAlekseev, V. I.; Bukejs, A. (2021). "Fossil Melandryidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) from Eocene Baltic amber of the Sambian peninsula: new genus, six new species, new records and key to described taxa". Zootaxa. 4965 (1): 142–166. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4965.1.7. PMID33903499. S2CID233408753.
^Nabozhenko, M. V.; McKellar, R. C.; Bukejs, A. (2021). "The first described darkling beetle of the tribe Metaclisini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Eocene Baltic amber". Zootaxa. 4999 (3): 279–284. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4999.3.7. PMID34810485. S2CID237770026.
^Li, Y.-D.; Tihelka, E.; Leschen, R. A. B.; Yu, Y.; Ślipiński, A.; Pang, H.; Huang, D.; Kolibáč, J.; Cai, C. (2021). "An exquisitely preserved tiny bark-gnawing beetle (Coleoptera: Trogossitidae) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber and the phylogeny of Trogossitidae". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 59 (8): 1939–1950. doi:10.1111/jzs.12515. S2CID238712220.
^Bukejs, A.; Bezděk, J.; Kairišs, K.; Alekseev, V. I. (2021). "The first extinct species of Monolepta Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Bitterfeld amber, described using X-ray micro-computed tomography". Zootaxa. 4995 (2): 345–356. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4995.2.7. PMID34810567. S2CID237740153.
^Zhang, Y. (2021). "New replacement name for the genus Latitergum Yu, Ślipiński, Leschen, Ren & Pang, 2014 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Trogossitidae)". Zootaxa. 4980 (2): 395–396. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4980.2.11. PMID34186972. S2CID235687049.
^Szawaryn, K.; Sontag, E.; Kubisz, D. (2021). "The first described fossil Oedemeridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Baltic amber". Journal of Paleontology. 96 (2): 375–378. doi:10.1017/jpa.2021.102. S2CID242027889.
^Tihelka, E.; Huang, D.; Cai, C. (2021). "A new genus of giant sooty mould beetles from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cyclaxyridae)". Cretaceous Research. 125: Article 104876. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12504876T. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104876.
^Tshernyshev, S. E.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2021). "Protomauroania mikhailovi—a new species of malachite beetles (Coleoptera, Dasytidae) in Rovno amber". Zootaxa. 5006 (1): 189–194. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5006.1.20. PMID34810576. S2CID243574205.
^Bukejs, A.; Ślipiński, A.; Mitchell, J. L.; McKellar, R. C.; Barbi, M.; Larsson, H. C. E.; Alekseev, V. I. (2021). "First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber". Zootaxa. 5032 (2): 225–236. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5032.2.4. PMID34811132. S2CID239630223.
^Krell, F.-T.; Vitali, F. (2021). "Attenborough's beauty: exceptional pattern preservation in a frog-legged leaf beetle from the Eocene Green River Formation, Colorado (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Sagrinae)". Papers in Palaeontology. 7 (4): 2101–2112. doi:10.1002/spp2.1398. S2CID238854571.
^Poinar, G.; Brown, A. E. (2021). "A new tribe, genus and species of weevil, Rhamphophorus legalovii gen. et sp. nov., (Coleoptera, Nemonychidae, Rhamphophorini tribe nov.) in Burmese amber". Cretaceous Research. 127: Article 104948. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104948.
^Alekseev, V. I.; Bukejs, A.; Pankowski, M. G.; Ślipiński, A. (2021). "The first representative of the family Teredidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) in the fossil record". Historical Biology. 34 (11): 1–6. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.2009474. S2CID244917429.
^Lyubarsky, G. Yu.; Tihelka, E.; Cai, C.-Y.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2021). "Zaiwa: A new genus of the family Lophocateridae from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera: Cleroidea)". Palaeoentomology. 4 (3): 218–222. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.4.3.7. ISSN2624-2826. S2CID237862213.
^Jiang, R.; Song, H.; Zhang, H.; Wang, S. (2021). "Burmagrilus cretacus gen. et sp. nov., the first Buprestidae from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber". Cretaceous Research. 125: Article 104866. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12504866J. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104866.
^ abcYang, Y.; Zhao, W.; Geiser, M.; Zhang, W.; Bai, M.; Liu, H. (2021). "Review of the genus Burmomiles Fanti, Damgaard & Ellenberger from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Coleoptera, Cantharidae)". Cretaceous Research. 128: Article 104961. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12804961Y. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104961.
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