雷利諾龍屬

雷利诺龙属
化石时期：白堊紀前期, 118–110 Ma
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲： 蜥形纲 Sauropsida
总目： 恐龍總目 Dinosauria
目： †鸟臀目 Ornithischia
演化支： †頜齒類 Genasauria
演化支： †新鳥臀類 Neornithischia
属： †雷利诺龙属 Leaellynasaura
Rich & Rich, 1989
模式種
合作雷利諾龍
Leaellynasaura amicagraphica
Rich & Rich, 1989

雷利諾龍屬（屬名：Leaellynasaura）又名利琳龍，是種小型薄板类恐龍，身長60到90公分，體重約10公斤，生存於早白堊紀阿爾比階，化石發現於澳洲維多利亞州南端的恐龍灣。

目前已發現數個雷利諾龍的化石，包含兩個完整的骨骸，兩個破碎的頭顱骨碎片。在1989年，這些化石首次被研究、敘述。模式種是合作雷利諾龍（L. amicagraphica），屬名是以古生物學家托馬斯·里奇（Thomas Rich）與帕特·里奇（Patricia Vickers-Rich）的女兒雷利諾·里奇（Leaellyn Rich）為名。種名則意為「朋友寫作」，以感謝維多利亞博物館、國家地理學會在澳洲古生物研究上的協助[1]。

雷利諾龍曾多次被歸類於不同分類位置，例如：稜齒龍類、原始禽龍類、或是原始頜齒類[2]。雷利諾龍缺乏硬化肌腱，這點與進階型鳥臀目恐龍不同。在鳥臀目恐龍裡，雷利諾龍的尾巴/身體比例相當長，尾巴長度約是身體其他部分的三倍。雷利諾龍的尾椎數量，比大部分鳥臀目恐龍還多，除了某些鴨嘴龍類[3]。

稜齒龍類是群相當基礎的新鸟臀类恐龍。如同所有鳥腳類，雷利諾龍是植食性恐龍。雷利諾龍可能為群居動物，以蘇鐵、蕨類、以及針葉樹為食。

極區恐龍

雷利諾龍的化石複製模型，置於展示牌前方的是頭蓋骨（編號 NMV P185990）

雷利諾龍是種南極區恐龍。在早白堊紀時，維多利亞州處於南極圈內，現在的南極圈氣候非常寒冷，但白堊紀中期的氣候較為溫暖。這意味雷利諾龍的生存範圍比現今爬行動物生存範圍更往南。這可從南極洲發現的冰脊龍透露出更多訊息，可見恐龍能夠存活在以往被認為不適合恐龍的氣候環境之下。根據緯度判斷，該地區可能有數週或數月沒有日出，雷利諾龍可能要在黑暗中生活長達數月之久。雷利諾龍有非常大的眼睛，牠的腦部有大型視葉，牠們已演化成習慣活動於黑暗、微弱光線環境中[4]。雷利諾龍生存在極度低溫的事實，讓許多科學家認為雷利諾龍是種溫血動物。

但是，雷利諾龍的頭顱骨可能屬於未成年個體。如果真的是幼年個體，當牠們長大時，頭顱骨的眼睛比例可能會改變。

大眾文化

雷利諾龍出現在電視節目《與恐龍共舞》（Walking with Dinosaurs）第五集，牠們被描述成像現代狐獴一樣以家庭為群體生活。

參考資料

  1. ^ Rich, T. and Rich, P. (1989). “Polar dinosaurs and biotas of the Early Cretaceous of southeastern Australia.” National Geographic Research, 5(1): 15-53.
  2. ^ Federico L. Agnolin, Martın D. Ezcurra, Diego F. Pais and Steven W. Salisbury (2010). "A reappraisal of the Cretaceous non-avian dinosaur faunas from Australia and New Zealand: evidence for their Gondwanan affinities" Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8 (2) [1]
  3. ^ Herne, M. (2009). "Postcranial osteology of Leaellynasaura amicagraphica (Dinosauria; Ornithischia) from the Early Cretaceous of southeastern Australia." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 29(3): 33A.存档副本 (PDF). [2010-07-05]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-07-15）. 
  4. ^ Rich, T. H. and Vickers-Rich, P. (2002). Dinosaurs of Darkness. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

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