正字通

正字通》,張自烈撰,凡12卷。

《正字通》是初著名的字典,收字依子丑寅卯等十二地支排列,共12卷,部首与梅膺祚字彙》相同,皆為214部。正字通共收字33,549字,资料詳博,引用佛道、医药、方技,乃至於奇闻異事,唯過份繁雜,有時一字重見於兩部,是其缺點,《四庫全書總目·卷四三·正字通》評「徵引繁蕪,頗多舛駁。又喜排斥许慎说文》,尤不免穿凿附会,非善本也。」。

《正字通》本為張自烈手稿,题《字彙辯》(1627),是作为《字汇》(1615)的补充。其友廖文英买下手稿,改名为《正字通》出版(1671),廖文英在自序中並未提及張的名字,頗為後世所譏。《正字通》風行一時,多次重刊,直到被《康熙字典》取代為止。张自烈是江西宜春人,因此《正字通》中輯有不少方言俗语,《康熙字典》時而不取,故《正字通》仍有一定價值。《正字通》內容博洽,有不少學者為其注解,如:徐文靖《正字通略記》4卷,胡宗緒《正字通芟誤》。

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