森林裡的孤獨

森林裡的孤獨,是孤獨的一種,發生在森林中。

宗教

森林是個遠離世俗的地方,包括印度教、佛教、道教和基督教都常選擇利用森林裡的孤獨來作修行。在印度教傳統中有「隱居森林英语Vanaprastha」(梵語Vanaprastha)的概念,上座部佛教經典《巴利三藏》的《中部》〈林藪經〉也講述此主題[1][2],泰國佛教修行中進一步發展出森林派,知名人物有阿姜查[3]。西方傳統則有亞西西的方濟各曾在義大利中部的森林裡獨自待過。

藝術

森林裡的孤獨是許多藝術作品的主題,特別是在浪漫主義時期的德國作品[4]。西方繪畫大約在文藝復興已開始出現此一主題,並在浪漫主義時期進一步發展。有別於一般風景畫中的森林,這些作品中避免出現人群或大量的動物。森林裡的孤獨也出現在一些音樂中,如華格納齊格菲帕西法爾。許多童話故事,如糖果屋小紅帽等都發生在森林中。其他文學作品有梭羅的《湖濱散記》講述其在森林中兩年的生活,包括一個章節專門討論寂寞。此主題在浪漫主義之後仍不時出現,例如吉卜林的《叢林奇譚》,主角獨自在印度的雨林中由狼帶大,或是托爾金的奇幻作品。

參考來源

  1. ^ Buddha und seine Jünger: Kassapa. [2021-04-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-13). 
  2. ^ 17. 林藪經. 巴利文大藏經. 中部. 
  3. ^ Birgit Stratmann, „Entsagung macht reich“ -ein Portrait von Wolfgang Krohn (PDF). [2021-04-06]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-08-27). 
  4. ^ Hans Leibundgut: Der Wald in der Kulturlandschaft. Bedeutung, Funktion und Wirkungen des Waldes auf die Umwelt der Menschen. Bern, Stuttgart 1985. pp. 114

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