挚虞

摯虞(250年—300年),字仲洽京兆長安人,三國時期魏國太僕卿摯模之子,西晉文學家和官員。

生平

摯虞年輕時以皇甫謐為師。後京兆郡征召其為主簿[1]

摯虞被舉賢良後,擔任中郎。後升為太子舍人,外任為聞喜令。之後因母親去世需要守喪而解職。一段時間後又出任尚書郎。之後曆任秘書監、衛尉卿。八王之亂時,司马颙的将军张方劫持晉惠帝到长安,摯虞也隨之前往。後來司馬越軍隊進攻長安,百官逃散,摯虞也逃到杜縣之間,又轉入到终南山中。摯虞沒有糧食,飢腸轆轆,只好撿拾橡實來吃。後來摯虞回到洛陽,又曆任光祿勳太常卿。當時洛陽荒亂,出現人吃人的現象,摯虞也不幸最終餓死[1]

家族

祖父摯茂,舉為秀才[2]。父親摯模,在曹魏時期擔任過太僕卿。兄摯育,官至涼州刺史[3]

作品

摯虞的作品豐富,撰有《文章志》四卷、《流別集》三十卷、《族姓昭穆》十卷、《畿服经》一百七十卷[4]、《駮宜立学事》[5]、《决疑要注》一卷[6]、《新礼议》[7]、《释奠颂》[8]、《颜子赞》[9] 、《连理颂》[10] 、《槐树赋》[11]、《思遊賦》和《太康頌》等作品,注解過赵歧的《三輔決錄》(《三輔決錄註》)[1]

延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:晉書·卷051》,出自房玄齡晉書

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 《晉書》卷51:摯虞,字仲洽,京兆長安人也。父模,魏太僕卿。虞少事皇甫謐,才學通博,著述不倦。郡檄主簿。虞嘗以死生有命,富貴在天。天之所祐者義也,人之所助者信也。履信思順,所以延福,違此而行,所以速禍。然道長世短,禍福舛錯,怵迫之徒,不知所守,蕩而積憤,或迷或放。故借之以身,假之以事,先陳處世不遇之難,遂棄彝倫,輕舉遠遊,以極常人罔惑之情,而後引之以正,反之以義,推神明之應於視聽之表,崇否泰之運于智力之外,以明天任命之不可違,故作《思遊賦》。其辭曰.......舉賢良,與夏侯湛等十七人策為下第,拜中郎.....擢為太子舍人,除聞喜令.......以母憂解職。久之,召補尚書郎......虞以漢末喪亂,譜傳多亡失,雖其子孫不能言其先祖,撰《族姓昭穆》十卷,上疏進之,以為足以備物致用,廣多聞之益.......後曆秘書監、衛尉卿,從惠帝幸長安。及東軍來迎,百官奔散,遂流離鄠、杜之間,轉入南山中,糧絕饑甚,拾橡實而食之。後得還洛,曆光祿勳、太常卿。時懷帝親郊。自元康以來,不親郊祀,禮儀弛廢。虞考正舊典,法物粲然。及洛京荒亂,盜竊縱橫,人饑相食。虞素清貧,遂以餒卒。虞撰《文章志》四卷,注解《三輔決錄》,又撰古文章,類聚區分為三十卷,名曰《流別集》,各為之論,辭理愜當,為世所重。
  2. ^ 《世說新語注·文學第四-73》:王隱晉書曰:「摯虞字仲治,京兆長安人。祖茂,秀才。父模,太僕卿。」
  3. ^ 《世說新語注·言語第二-42》:摯氏世本曰:「瞻字景游,京兆長安人,太常虞兄子也。父育,涼州刺史。」
  4. ^ 《隋書》卷33:晋世,挚虞依《禹贡》、《周官》,作《畿服经》,其州郡及县分野封略事业,国邑山陵水泉,乡亭城道里土田,民物风俗,先贤旧好,靡不具悉,凡一百七十卷,今亡。
  5. ^ 《太平御覽》卷534:挚虞《駮宜立学事》曰:河内太守鲁夔,使民二百家共立一学,未成,而司隶奏以违法。尚书郎中骑都尉臣挚虞驳:"夔为近畿大都,朝所委任,亲临民物,足识事宜。累表仍上,求二百家立一学,是其留心学校,必欲有成也。"
  6. ^ 《太平御覽》卷175:挚虞《决疑要注》曰:凡太极殿乃有陛,堂则有阶无陛也。
  7. ^ 《太平御覽》卷547:挚虞《新礼议》曰:虞谨案:古者诸侯临君其国,臣诸父兄之诸侯,未同于古。
  8. ^ 《太平御覽》卷535:挚虞《释奠颂》曰:如彼泉流,不盈不运。
  9. ^ 《初學記》卷17:挚虞《颜子赞》曰:颜子赫赫,仁心不违;行无贰过,知章知微。
  10. ^ 《初學記》卷28:挚虞《连理颂》曰:东宫正德之内,承华之外,槐树二枝,连理而生。
  11. ^ 《初學記》卷28:【晋挚虞《槐树赋》】尔乃观其诞状,察其攸居

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