YH-24天鷹直升機

Seibel S-4/YH-24 Sky Hawk
飛行中的YH-24
概觀
類型	輕型直升機
代號	S-4/YH-24
乘員	1人
首飛	1949年1月
生產	Seibel Helicopter
主要用戶	美國陸軍
衍生自	Seibel S-3
衍生機型	YH-41塞尼卡直升機
技术数据
長度	27ft10in(8.48m)^[1]
高度	10ft(3.0m)
空重	960lb(435kg)
負載重量	1名乘客
最大起飛重量	1,540lb(699kg)
發動機	1具萊康明（英语：Lycoming Engines）O-290-D（英语：Lycoming O-290）4缸風冷水平對置活塞發動機
推力	125hp(93kW)
性能數據
最大速度	65mph(105km/h,56kn)
巡航速度	58mph(93km/h,50kn)
爬升率	700ft/min(3.6m/s)^[2]
最大升限	4,300ft(1,300m)
最大航程	98mi(158km,85nmi)

YH-24 天鷹（英語：Sky Hawk)（公司代號S-4)是一款由塞貝爾直昇機製造的雙葉片單引擎直升機。S-4由查爾斯·塞貝爾（Charles Seibel）設計，美國陸軍給予其編號YH-24以進行評估，但最終不被採用。在西斯納收購塞貝爾直昇機後，西斯納將S-4B作為基礎，設計了其唯一1架直升機CH-1。

發展

查爾斯·塞貝爾在堪薩斯當地石油投資者的資助下成立了塞貝爾直昇機公司後開始研發S-4。S-4是他之前設計的Seibel S-3的延續。S-3作為他的概念展示機，主要是針對雙葉片旋翼系統和簡化傳動裝置的新設計。而他也將這些設計融入S-4裡。

1949年1月，S-4 首次試飛，由約翰尼·吉布斯(Johnny Gibbs)駕駛。 1950年3月，認證測試完成，1950年4月23日，S-4獲得了CAA的民用認證。而後塞貝爾又在S-4上安裝一台更大的發動機，即功率為125hp的萊康明O-290B，並命名為S-4A。

根據評估期間陸軍的回饋，塞貝爾縮短了第二架YH-24(51-5113)的機身，並加寬了駕駛艙，在飛行員座位旁設置了副駕駛座位。塞貝爾還用著陸滑橇取代了該飛機原來的輪式三輪起落架。這架飛機後來成為 S-4B。

美國陸軍和美國空軍都對S-4表現出興趣。1951年初，美國陸軍訂購了兩架樣機，用於評估其在偵查、通用任務和航空醫療轉移（英语：Medical evacuation）任務中的能力。陸軍將S-4命名為 YH-24 天鷹（Sky Hawk)。第一架天鷹，序號 51-5112，於1951年4月交付北卡羅來納州布拉格堡；第二架YH-24，序號51-5113，交付給萊特機場（英语：Wilbur Wright Field）。

儘管S-4結構很簡單，易於使用及保養，但陸軍認為它無法提供足夠的載荷能力，因此不採用該機。而塞貝爾直昇機公司被西斯納收購後，S-4也隨之成為西斯納的財產．在進行數次試飛以採樣數據後，S-4正式退役並被報廢。

設計

S-4採用焊接鋼管箱型的框架，並有兩層平面。下層平面安裝控制面板、飛行員座椅、輪式三輪起落架以及可從後部進入的小型乘客/貨物區域，上層平面搭載引擎、燃油箱和油箱，並支撐著變速箱和旋翼組件。帶有雙葉片反扭矩尾葉的錐形、硬殼式合金尾梁安裝在上層平面的後方。

型號

S-4: 原始設計版本，於1950年獲得CAA認證
S-4A: 配備升級版的萊康明O-290B引擎
S-4B: 根據YH-24評估期間陸軍的建議修改機身後的版本。具有雙座駕駛艙和滑橇起落架。

參考

Orthographic projection of the Seibel S-4.

^ Harding 1990, p.224
^ Bridgman 1951, p. 288c.

書籍

Bridgman, Leonard. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1951–52. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd. 1951.
Harding, Stephen. U.S. Army Aircraft Since 1947. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife. 1990. ISBN 1-85310-102-8.

外部連結

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：YH-24天鷹直升機

Global Security （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
Collect Air （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）

美國直升機名稱, 陸軍/空軍三軍航空器命名系統

USAAC/USAAF/USAF從1941年至今使用的編號；美國陸軍1948-1956年及1962年至今；美國海軍1962年至今

陸/空軍的編號
1941–1962年

字首R-, 1941–1948年	R-1 R-2 R-3 R-4 R-5 R-6 R-7 R-8 R-9 R-10 R-11 R-12 R-13 R-14 R-15 R-16
字首H-, 1948–1962年	H-5 H-6 H-9 H-10 H-11 H-12 H-13 J H-15 H-16 H-17 H-18 H-19 H-20 H-21 H-22 H-23 H-24 H-25 H-26 H-27 H-28 H-29 H-30 H-31 H-32 H-33 H-34 H-35 H-36¹ H-37 H-38¹ H-39 H-40 H-41 H-42 H-43 H-44¹ H-45¹

1962年美國三軍航空器命名系統
1962年至今

1962年重新編號	H-13 F J H-19 H-21 H-23 H-25 H-34 H-37 H-43
新編號	H-46 H-47 H-48 H-49 H-50 H-51 H-52 H-53 CH-53/E/K HH-53/MH-53 H-54 H-55 H-56 H-57 H-58 H-59 H-60 UH-60 SH-60 HH-60 MH-60 H-61 H-62 H-63 H-64 H-65 H-66 H-67 H-68 H-69¹ H-70 H-71 H-72 H-73
重新開始的編號	H-1（英语：Bell Huey family） AH-1/J/T/W/Z UH-1/N/Y H-2 G H-3 CH-3/HH-3 SH-3 H-4 H-5 H-6 AH-6 MH-6 OH-6
無規則的編號	H-90 H-92 CH-92/VH-92 H-139

¹未使用

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