Perplexity

Perplexity AI, Inc.
公司類型私人
成立2022年8月
創辦人
  • Aravind Srinivas
  • Andy Konwinski
  • Denis Yarats
  • Johnny Ho
代表人物Aravind Srinivas (CEO)
總部美國舊金山
产业人工智慧
服務搜尋引擎
員工人數55[1](2024)
网站www.perplexity.ai 編輯維基數據鏈接
Perplexity
2024 年 Perplexity 的截圖
网址www.perplexity.ai/ 编辑维基数据

Perplexity 是一個由AI 聊天機器人驅動的研究和對話搜索引擎,通過自然語言預測文本來回答查詢,並在回應文本中引用連結。[2]

歷史

Aravind Srinivas at the 2024 TechCrunch Disrupt
Perplexity創始人兼執行長,Aravind Srinivas

Perplexity 於 2022 年由 Aravind Srinivas、Denis Yarats、Johnny Ho 和 Andy Konwinski 創立。

這些創始人皆擁有後端系統、AI 和機器學習的背景:

  • CTO Yarats 曾是 Meta 的 AI 研究科學家
  • CEO Srinivas 曾在 OpenAI 擔任 AI 研究員
  • Chief Strategy Officer Ho 曾在 Quora 擔任工程師,隨後成為華爾街的量化交易員
  • Konwinski 是 Databricks 創始團隊的一員[3]

到 2024 年第一季度,Perplexity 每月的使用者已達到 1500 萬。[4]

服務

原理

Perplexity的其搜尋引擎依賴於自然語言處理[5](NLP)功能。

它利用使用者查詢的上下文,提供個性化的搜尋結果及摘要,並產生帶有內嵌引用的文字內容[5]。它允許使用者在相同的上下文中提出後續問題。

產品

Perplexity 採取免費增值運作,同時推出了企業版產品。[2]

版本 说明
免費 * * 提供基本的搜尋功能和所有模式。
* * 使用該公司獨立的大型語言模型(LLM)。
* * Focus 功能[6]
* * Pages 功能[7]
Perplexity Pro * * 提供 API 訪問權限[8]
* * 上傳和分析本地文件,包括圖像。
* * 向使用者提出澄清問題以細化查詢。
* * 使用 Playground v3、DALL-E 3Stable Diffusion XL 和 FLUX 1 等AI 模型生成圖像。[9][9]
* * 可訪問 GPT-4Claude 3.5Mistral Large、Llama 3 以及實驗性 Perplexity 模型。[10][2][1]

營運模式

截至 2024 年,Perplexity 已籌集了 1.65 億美元的資金,公司估值超過 10 億美元。[1]

到 2024 年中,Perplexity 的估值達到 30 億美元。[11]

2024 年 7 月,Perplexity 宣佈推出新的出版商計劃,與合作夥伴分享廣告收入[12]

投資者[8][13][1]

  1. 傑夫·貝佐斯
  2. 輝達
  3. Databricks
  4. Bessemer Venture Partners
  5. 蘇珊·沃西基
  6. 傑夫·迪恩
  7. 楊立昆
  8. 安德烈·卡帕斯
  9. 奈特·弗里德曼
  10. 陳嘉興

評價

2024年2月,黃仁勳接受連線雜誌採訪時透露[14]

「我一直在使用Perplexity,不過也很喜歡ChatGPT,我幾乎每天都會使用這兩款AI工具。」

爭議

富比士

2024 年 6 月,富比士公開批評 Perplexity 使用其內容。

根據富比士的說法,Perplexity 發布了一篇主要抄襲自富比士專有文章的報導,未能適當地提及或明顯引用富比士。

作為回應,Srinivas 表示該功能還存在一些 「粗糙的邊緣」,並接受了反饋,但他堅持認為 Perplexity 只是整合資訊而非抄襲資訊。[15][16]

連線雜誌

同月,連線雜誌和網頁開發人員 Robb Knight 的獨立調查發現,Perplexity 未遵守robots.txt 標準,同時在某些情況下,Perplexity 可能沒有總結實際的新聞文章,而是根據 URL 和搜索引擎中留下的痕跡(例如摘錄和元數據)重建內容,並提供聲稱基於直接訪問相關文本的總結。[17]

Perplexity 公開列出了其網路爬蟲的IP 位址範圍和用戶代理字串,但據連線和 Robb Knight 稱,他們使用未公開的 IP 位址和偽造的用戶代理字串來無視 robots.txt。[17][18]

Srinivas 在一次電話採訪中回應說[19]

「Perplexity 沒有無視機器人排除協議(Robot Exclusions Protocol)……我們不僅依賴自己的網路爬蟲,也依賴第三方爬蟲。被連線識別出的網路爬蟲屬於第三方供應商。」

當被問及 Perplexity 是否會停止使用第三方抓取連線的內容時,Srinivas 回應說 :「這很複雜」。[19]

亞馬遜

亞馬遜雲端運算服務,作為 Perplexity 網路爬蟲的主機服務商,其服務條款中包含禁止用戶無視 robots.txt 標準的條款。

亞馬遜開始對該公司的亞馬遜彈性雲端運算使用情況進行 「例行」調查。[20]

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Ghaffary, Shirin. AI Search Startup Perplexity Valued at $1 Billion in Funding Round. 彭博新聞. 2024-04-23. (原始内容存档于2024-04-24). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Singh, Shubham. Perplexity AI raises $73.6M in funding round led by Nvidia, Bezos, now valued at $522M. Business Today. 2024-01-06 [2024-01-15]. 
  3. ^ AI-powered search engine Perplexity AI lands $26M, launches iOS app. TechCrunch. 2023-04-04 [2024-05-05]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-05). 
  4. ^ Nast, Condé; Goode, Lauren. Perplexity's Founder Was Inspired by Sundar Pichai. Now They’re Competing to Reinvent Search. WIRED. 2024-03-21 [2024-07-27]. (原始内容存档于2024-07-16). The startup says its user base has grown to 15 million active users, growing 50 percent from the 10 million reported just two months ago. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Wiggers, Kyle. AI-powered search engine Perplexity AI, now valued at $520M, raises $73.6M. TechCrunch. 2024-01-04 [2024-08-17] (美国英语). 
  6. ^ "What is Search Focus?". Perplexity.ai. 
  7. ^ David, Emilia. Perplexity will research and write reports. The Verge. 2024-05-30 [2024-06-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-06-20) (英语). 
  8. ^ 8.0 8.1 Wiggers, Kyle. AI-powered search engine Perplexity AI, now valued at $520M, raises $73.6M. TechCrunch. 2024-01-04 [2024-01-07]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-07) (美国英语). 
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 How do I generate images?. Perplexity. 2024-09-02. 
  10. ^ Startup Perplexity Challenges Google With AI Search需要付费订阅. 華爾街日報. 2024-01-04 [2024-01-10]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-10) (英语). 
  11. ^ SoftBank to invest in search startup Perplexity AI at $3 bln valuation. Reuters. 2024-06-27 [2024-08-02]. (原始内容存档于2024-08-02). Japanese technology investor SoftBank Group Corp's (9984.T), Vision Fund 2 is investing between $10 million and $20 million in U.S. search startup Perplexity AI at a valuation of $3 billion, Bloomberg News reported on Thursday. 
  12. ^ Robison, Kylie. Perplexity is cutting checks to publishers following plagiarism accusations. The Verge. 2024-07-30 [2024-08-04] (英语). 
  13. ^ Announcing our series A funding round and mobile app launch. Perplexity.ai. 2023-04-28 [2024-04-24]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-22). 
  14. ^ 黃仁勳天天用!Perplexity AI是什麼?盤點科技巨頭最愛AI小幫手-數位時代|商周. 商業周刊 - 商周.com. 2024-05-31 [2024-08-17] (中文(臺灣)). 
  15. ^ O'Brien, Matt. AI startup Perplexity wants to upend search business. News outlet Forbes says it's ripping them off. Associated Press. 15 June 2024 [20 June 2024]. (原始内容存档于20 June 2024). 
  16. ^ Lane, Randall. Why Perplexity's Cynical Theft Represents Everything That Could Go Wrong With AI. Forbes. 11 June 2024 [20 June 2024]. 
  17. ^ 17.0 17.1 Mehrotra, Dhruv; Marchman, Tim. Perplexity Is a Bullshit Machine. Wired. 19 June 2024 [20 June 2024]. (原始内容存档于20 June 2024). 
  18. ^ Perplexity AI Is Lying about Their User Agent. Robb Knight. 15 June 2024 [20 June 2024]. (原始内容存档于20 June 2024). 
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 Sullivan, Mark. Perplexity CEO Aravind Srinivas responds to plagiarism and infringement accusations. Fast Company. June 21, 2024 [June 24, 2024]. 
  20. ^ Mehrotra, Dhruv; Couts, Andrew. Amazon Is Investigating Perplexity Over Claims of Scraping Abuse. Wired. June 27, 2024 [July 3, 2024]. 

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