PSG-1(德文:Präzisions-Scharfschützen-Gewehr,意為:「精確射手步槍」),是由黑克勒-科赫生产的一种半自动狙击步枪。
据说此枪是出于对1972年夏季奥运会慕尼黑惨案的回应而研发的[來源請求]。当时的西德警察无法迅速与恐怖分子交战从而保护人质。黑克勒-科赫自此后受委托研发一种高精度,大容量彈匣,适合警用的半自動步枪。
PSG-1因其可靠性和良好的表现受到广泛赞誉,通常和精锐狙击作战单位联系在一起。但由于此枪高昂的费用(每支12000美元)和美国政府的进口限制,截止至2005年底此枪在美国的数量不超过400支,而且其中绝大部分为私人收藏家所拥有。
PSG-1步枪在机械上基于HK G3并且具有一个低噪音的助推器(类似于之前用于M16A1/A2/A3/A4上的復進助推器)。PSG-1的预期精确度小于一个角分,并被认为是最精确的半自动狙击步枪之一。该枪能在300米的距离上连续将50发子弹打入一个直径为8厘米的圆圈。
所有的PSG-1步枪都没有机械瞄具,而是装备有照明分划板(英语:Reticle)的Hensoldt 6×42瞄准镜,浮动重型枪管和可调节枪托。PSG-1的枪托是由高密塑料制成,黑色粗糙表面,并且可以调向任何角度以适合所有使用者的需要。它可以调整长度、可旋尾盖(pivoting butt cap)和调节托腮板的高低。前端还装置了一个T型槽以配合旋转挂带(sling swivel)或三脚架。该步枪还有一个可以拆卸调整的扳机部件,可以令使用者更易适应该枪。扳机的行程可以调整,也可以从扳机护圈中拆下。
PSG-1的另一个独特之处在于子弹击发之后弹壳弹出的力量相当大,据说可以弹出10米之远。虽然对于警方的狙击手来说不是太大问题,但却很大程度上限制了其在军队的使用,因为这很容易暴露狙击手的位置。在清扫使用地点的时候黄铜弹壳也很难被找到。PSG-1以半自動狙擊槍而言精度很高,但結構複雜,其設計雖然源於同廠的G3自動步槍,槍機運作原理相同,部分組件也很相似,但實際上此槍不能與G3自動步槍互換零件,交換零件不但影響射擊精度,甚至不能有效運作。此槍的零組件精密度很高,但須要時常良好呵護,警隊的使用條件可較易辦到,可於使用後在室內分解清理,再組合及慢慢調校,如要符合軍方所需的野戰條件就十分困難,PSG-1在野戰環境下也過於脆弱,其結構不耐撞擊,在野外分解組合後也難以快速校準,所以此槍並沒有得到軍方廣泛採用。H&K因此推出設計相似的MSG90狙擊步槍,結構經過強化,對保養維護的要求較低,但射擊精度也有所下降。
2006年Heckler & Koch发布了PSG-1A1,主要有两项改变。首先,握把在角度上逆时针转了一点,因为在原型号上当它被锁住向正后方时,很容易阻碍到狙击步枪上常用的远距离瞄准镜的使用。第二个改变是替换了Hensoldt 6x42光学瞄准镜。非警方用户经常觉得这个瞄准镜的准线太简单,600米的范围也太小。另外,其电池充电和替换均很困难。最大的问题是,Hensoldt在美国境内不负责修理这款瞄准镜。出于以上原因,PSG-1A1上标配的是Schmidt & Bender 3-12x50 Police Marksman II光学瞄准镜,用34毫米固定環來固定。
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У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Фатима. МуниципалитетФатима (Токантинс)Fátima (Tocantins) 10°45′39″ ю. ш. 48°54′25″ з. д.HGЯO Страна Бразилия Штат Токантинс Внутреннее деление 1 дистрикт Мэр Washington Luiz Vasconcelos (PSD) История и география Муниципалитет с 1989 Площ
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