10号染色体

10號染色體
10號染色體
物種 Homo sapiens
基因數量 800-1200

10号染色体人类23对染色体中的一对,正常情况下每个体细胞拥有两条该染色体。此染色体含有大约1.35亿个碱基对DNA的基本单位),占细胞内所有DNA的4%到4.5%。

由于测序方式不同,一条染色体上包含的基因的数目也不相同。人类的10号染色体大约包含800至1,200个基因。[1]

近年来,在神经系统肿瘤与普通外科肿瘤,泌尿系统肿瘤等多种肿瘤中发现10号染色体长臂(10q)存在等位基因的杂合缺失。通过对这些病例中,基因缺失以及与其相关的疾病的研究,人们可以在正常人的体内发现新的肿瘤抑制基因。从而找到更好的医治肿瘤的方法。[2]

此外,10号染色体可能与流产以及婴儿畸形有关。[3]

基因

下列是在10号染色体上已被发现的部分基因:

  • ALOX5:花生四烯酸5-脂氧合酶(能将必需脂肪酸加工为白细胞三烯,是炎症反应的重要媒介;也能维护肿瘤干细胞及分裂缓慢的细胞并促进它们生长,被认为能引起多种癌症,包括白血病);
  • CDH23:钙粘蛋白23;
  • CXCL12:趋化因子(C-X-C 基元)配体12,基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1),scyb12
  • EGR2:早期生长应答2(Krox-20 同源物,果蝇);
  • ERCC6:切割修复交叉互补, 互补群6;
  • FGFR2:成纤维细胞生长因子受体2(细菌表达激酶,表皮生长因子受体,颅面成骨发育不全1,颅骨纤维结构不良综合征,Pfeiffer氏症候群,Jackson-Weiss综合征);
  • PCBD1:6-丙酮酰四氢蝶呤合成酶/肝细胞核因子1α(TCF1)的二聚化辅因子;
  • PCDH15:原粘蛋白15;
  • PTEN gene:同源性磷酸酶-张力蛋白(多发性进展期癌突变基因1,MMAC1);
  • RET:RET原癌基因(多发性内分泌腺瘤及甲状腺髓样癌1,巨结肠合并小肠结肠炎);
  • UROS:尿卟啉原三合酶(先天形成红血球紫质缺乏症)。

身体失调与疾病

下列是一些有关于10号染色体的疾病

参考文献

  1. ^ Chromosome 10 - Genetics Home Reference. [2010-07-06]. (原始内容存档于2010-04-08). 
  2. ^ 存档副本. [2012-05-07]. (原始内容存档于2012-09-09). 
  3. ^ 存档副本. [2012-05-07]. (原始内容存档于2012-01-06). 
  • Deloukas P, Earthrowl ME, Grafham DV, Rubenfield M, French L, Steward CA, Sims SK, Jones MC, Searle S, Scott C, Howe K, Hunt SE, Andrews TD, Gilbert JG, Swarbreck D, Ashurst JL, Taylor A, Battles J, Bird CP, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Ashwell RI, Ambrose KD, Babbage AK, Bagguley CL, Bailey J, Banerjee R, Bates K, Beasley H, Bray-Allen S, Brown AJ, Brown JY, Burford DC, Burrill W, Burton J, Cahill P, Camire D, Carter NP, Chapman JC, Clark SY, Clarke G, Clee CM, Clegg S, Corby N, Coulson A, Dhami P, Dutta I, Dunn M, Faulkner L, Frankish A, Frankland JA, Garner P, Garnett J, Gribble S, Griffiths C, Grocock R, Gustafson E, Hammond S, Harley JL, Hart E, Heath PD, Ho TP, Hopkins B, Horne J, Howden PJ, Huckle E, Hynds C, Johnson C, Johnson D, Kana A, Kay M, Kimberley AM, Kershaw JK, Kokkinaki M, Laird GK, Lawlor S, Lee HM, Leongamornlert DA, Laird G, Lloyd C, Lloyd DM, Loveland J, Lovell J, McLaren S, McLay KE, McMurray A, Mashreghi-Mohammadi M, Matthews L, Milne S, Nickerson T, Nguyen M, Overton-Larty E, Palmer SA, Pearce AV, Peck AI, Pelan S, Phillimore B, Porter K, Rice CM, Rogosin A, Ross MT, Sarafidou T, Sehra HK, Shownkeen R, Skuce CD, Smith M, Standring L, Sycamore N, Tester J, Thorpe A, Torcasso W, Tracey A, Tromans A, Tsolas J, Wall M, Walsh J, Wang H, Weinstock K, West AP, Willey DL, Whitehead SL, Wilming L, Wray PW, Young L, Chen Y, Lovering RC, Moschonas NK, Siebert R, Fechtel K, Bentley D, Durbin R, Hubbard T, Doucette-Stamm L, Beck S, Smith DR, Rogers J. The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature. 2004, 429 (6990): 375–81. PMID 15164054. doi:10.1038/nature02462. 
  • Deloukas P, French L, Meitinger T, Moschonas NK. Report of the third international workshop on human chromosome 10 mapping and sequencing 1999. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2000, 90 (1-2): 1–12. PMID 11060438. doi:10.1159/000015653. 
  • Gilbert F. Chromosome 10. Genet Test. 2001, 5 (1): 69–82. PMID 11336406. doi:10.1089/109065701753145664. 

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