有颌下门

有颌下门
化石时期:430–0 Ma[1][2] 可能更早的时期:462 Ma
志留纪现代
260px
鄧氏魚盾皮魚綱,左上)
斑紋鬚鯊軟骨魚類,右上)
雙鬚骨舌魚輻鰭魚類,左下)
尼羅鱷四足類,右下)
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
演化支 嗅球類 Olfactores
亚门: 脊椎动物亚门 Vertebrata
下门: 有颌下门 Gnathostomata
演化支

下门學名:Gnathostomata)旧称有頜總綱,也称有顎類頜口類[3][4],是脊椎动物的主要演化支,源自4.5亿年前無頜總綱中的第一对鳃弓英语Branchial arch演化为下颌鱼类。上下颌的出现使牠们的取食能力大幅增强,同时因为口腔的形成使得前脑得到了进一步演化发展的空间并最终形成了端脑,生存竞争能力也随之提高[5],成为了脊椎动物的主幹类群。现存有颌类动物约6万,占脊椎动物现生种类的99.8%。在距今约4.4亿年的地层中发现的“重庆特异埋藏化石库”[6][7]和“贵州石阡化石库”[8][9],填补了全球志留纪早期有颌类化石记录的空白,首次为有颌类的崛起与最早期辐射分化提供确切证据。

下级分类


有颌下门内部的系统发育关系:

 有颌下门 

 盾皮鱼纲

 真有颌小门

 棘鱼纲 軟骨魚綱

 硬骨鱼高纲
辐鳍鱼总纲
辐鳍鱼纲
新鳍亚纲

 真骨下纲

 全骨下纲

 软质亚纲

 腕鳍鱼纲

肉鳍鱼总纲
肺鱼四足纲

 肺鱼亚纲

 四足形亚纲

 腔棘魚綱

注释

参考文献

  1. ^ Hanke, Gavin F.; Wilson, Mark V. H. New teleostome fishes and acanthodian systematics. (PDF). Recent advances in the origin and early radiation of vertebrates. 2004: 189–216 [2020-01-24]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04). ... record of acanthodian fishes is limited to microremains from the latest Ordovician (JANVIER 1996) 
  2. ^ Sansom, Ivan J.; Smith, Moya M.; Smith, M. Paul. Scales of thelodont and shark-like fishes from the Ordovician of Colorado. Nature. February 15, 1996, 379 (6566): 628–630. Bibcode:1996Natur.379..628S. doi:10.1038/379628a0. 
  3. ^ gnathostomata-頜口類. 雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網. 國家教育研究院. [2021-07-30]. [失效連結]
  4. ^ gnathostomata-有頷類. 雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網. 國家教育研究院. [2020-12-17]. (原始内容存档于2021-07-30). 
  5. ^ 有颌类. 术语在线. 北京: 全国科学技术名词审定委员会事务中心. [2020-12-25]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-11). 
  6. ^ Zhu, You-an; Li, Qiang; Lu, Jing; Chen, Yang; Wang, Jianhua; Gai, Zhikun; Zhao, Wenjin; Wei, Guangbiao; Yu, Yilun; Ahlberg, Per E.; Zhu, Min. The oldest complete jawed vertebrates from the early Silurian of China. Nature. 2022-09, 609 (7929) [2022-10-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05136-8. (原始内容存档于2022-10-19) (英语). 
  7. ^ Gai, Zhikun; Li, Qiang; Ferrón, Humberto G.; Keating, Joseph N.; Wang, Junqing; Donoghue, Philip C. J.; Zhu, Min. Galeaspid anatomy and the origin of vertebrate paired appendages. Nature. 2022-09, 609 (7929) [2022-10-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04897-6. (原始内容存档于2022-10-19) (英语). 
  8. ^ Andreev, Plamen S.; Sansom, Ivan J.; Li, Qiang; Zhao, Wenjin; Wang, Jianhua; Wang, Chun-Chieh; Peng, Lijian; Jia, Liantao; Qiao, Tuo; Zhu, Min. The oldest gnathostome teeth. Nature. 2022-09, 609 (7929) [2022-10-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05166-2. (原始内容存档于2022-10-21) (英语). 
  9. ^ Andreev, Plamen S.; Sansom, Ivan J.; Li, Qiang; Zhao, Wenjin; Wang, Jianhua; Wang, Chun-Chieh; Peng, Lijian; Jia, Liantao; Qiao, Tuo; Zhu, Min. Spiny chondrichthyan from the lower Silurian of South China. Nature. 2022-09, 609 (7929) [2022-10-21]. ISSN 1476-4687. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05233-8. (原始内容存档于2022-10-19) (英语). 

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