人民检察院

人民检察院是中华人民共和国的检察机关和法律监督机关。人民检察院与人民法院以及公安机关国家安全机关司法行政机关等承担部分司法职能的行政机关统称为中华人民共和国的司法机关。

依据《中华人民共和国宪法》《香港特别行政区基本法》《澳门特别行政区基本法》有关规定,香港特别行政区澳门特别行政区采用独立司法体制,不存在直接对应的检察机关,承担类似职能的机构为香港的律政司与澳门的检察院

检察系统

根据《中华人民共和国人民检察院组织法》,人民检察院分为最高人民检察院、地方各级人民检察院与军事检察院等专门人民检察院。人民检察院依照法律规定对有关刑事案件行使侦查权;对刑事案件进行审查,批准或者决定是否逮捕犯罪嫌疑人,决定是否提起公诉,对决定提起公诉的案件支持公诉;依照法律规定提起公益诉讼;对诉讼活动实行法律监督;对判决、裁定等生效法律文书的执行工作实行法律监督;对监狱、看守所的执法活动实行法律监督。

人民检察院受同级人民代表大会、上级检察院双重领导。

人民检察院按照人民法院的级别对照设立,除直辖市内对照中级人民法院设立的称××直辖市第×分院之外,各级均称人民检察院。同时也设立军事检察院和铁路运输检察院等专门检察院。在新疆生产建设兵团也按兵团、师、团设立检察院。

最高人民检察院

地方各级人民检察院

专门人民检察院

军事检察院

铁路运输检察院

中华人民共和国的铁路运输检察院分为人民检察院铁路运输分院、基层铁路运输检察院两级。

人事制度

根据《中华人民共和国检察官等级暂行规定》第六条,检察官等级分为四等十二级:

  1. 首席大检察官;
  2. 大检察官:一级、二级;
  3. 高级检察官:一级、二级、三级、四级;
  4. 检察官:一级、二级、三级、四级、五级。

根据中共中央组织部、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院《关于地方各级人民法院、人民检察院实施中组发〔2011〕18、 19号文件有关问题的答复意见》,法官单独职务序列与综合管理类公务员职务层次对应关系如下:

  • 省部级副职:二级大检察官;
  • 厅局级正职:一级高级检察官;
  • 厅局级副职:二级高级检察官;
  • 县处级正职:三级高级检察官;
  • 县处级副职:四级高级检察官;
  • 乡科级正职:一级检察官;
  • 乡科级副职:二级、三级检察官;
  • 科员:四级、五级检察官。

注释

  1. ^ 隶属于南京市人民检察院,接受上海铁路运输分院指导。
  2. ^ 原名“广州铁路运输检察院”。
  3. ^ 原名“肇庆铁路运输检察院”。
  4. ^ 主要负责四川境内涉铁路等交通领域刑事案件的审查逮捕和审查起诉;司法工作人员相关职务犯罪案件的立案侦查、审查起诉;对成都市中心城区涉金融民商事案件、行政案件及其执行实施法律监督;依法提起涉铁路等交通领域公益诉讼案件等。
  5. ^ 主要办理跨市州区域的生态环境行政公益诉讼等案件和对监狱开展巡回检察等。
  6. ^ 主要负责依法办理大熊猫国家公园四川片区所涉区县环境资源刑事案件的审查逮捕和审查起诉等;依法提起四川境内涉长江上游、跨地(市)级行政区划的生态环境资源类公益诉讼案件等。

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