中华民国陆海军大元帅大本营于1923年3月2日在广州创建。其继承广州中华民国政府的传统,继续采用青天白日满地红旗为国旗[1]。因其存在期间实现第一次国共合作,故现时中国大陆历史教科书亦称之为广东革命政府。孙中山逝世后,汪精卫于1925年7月1日改组为國民政府,任國民政府主席。
1922年陈炯明的部下发动六一六事变后,孙中山在蒋中正、陈策等护卫下乘永丰舰离开,至8月初离粤退居到卢永祥势力范围的上海。广州中华民国政府瓦解。第二次护法运动宣告失败。陈炯明部占据广州,自任总司令。
1923年1月4日,孙文通电讨伐陈炯明,并收买滇军杨希闵部、桂军刘震寰部,与拥护孙文的许崇智粤军联合,组成东西两路“讨贼军”,合击陈炯明。1月15日陈炯明宣布下野,次日撤出广州、退守惠州东江。
同年2月21日,孙中山重回广州,在天字码头受到市民的欢迎。22日,孙中山出席军政要人在农林试验场设置的欢迎宴会,即席发表长篇演说;3月2日在此成立陆海军大元帅大本营,孙中山任大元帅。3月31日,大元帅府迁驻广州河南士敏土厂。[2]
4月16日,沈鸿英在直系军阀吴佩孚的支持下,兵分三路进攻广州。孙中山偕同杨希闵部滇军、刘震寰部桂军等组成讨贼军,攻占瘦狗岭,肃清了广州外围。后调驻江门的粤军会同滇军第四师,攻占清远,切断了沈军西北面退路,将沈军逼退回广西。而大本营则集中力量对付北路沈军。孙中山于6月27日亲赴北江指挥,次日全线出击,打败沈军。[3]
5月9日,陈炯明残部在东江再次叛乱,大本营为解除这一威胁,在财政严重困难、军事力量处于劣势的情况下,进行了一系列艰苦激烈的军事斗争,终于1925年肃清叛军,陈军溃至赣、闽边境。[3]
中華民國陸海軍大元帥大本營的最高領導人是中國國民黨總理孫中山。孫中山實行黨國體制,一黨制的中國國民黨統領政府。設有秘书处、参军处、法制局、审计局、会计司、庶务司、内政部、财政部、军政部、建设部、外交部、海军部、参谋部和大理院。
期间,广州被劉震寰的桂軍、楊希閔的滇軍以及譚延闓的湘軍等客军控制。其中西關和老城由湘軍、滇軍佔據,東北關由桂軍佔據,河南一帶還是本地的河南王李福林主持。1924年3月,湘軍和滇軍聯合成立辦事處,組織聯合巡察隊,維持廣州的治安。此時各路軍隊的開支龐大,政府於是拍賣地方的官產和公產來增加財源,并采取了一系列施政措施,如计划引进外资、发展实业,提倡开垦荒地、改革吏治等。[3]
陸海軍大元帥大本營是孙中山在广东建立的第三个政权,前者护法军政府、广州中华民国政府以护法为目标,分别因旧桂系夺权和陈炯明兵变失败。孙中山不愿受制于军阀势力,故此次重建大本营,便确定了联俄方针。1924年,中國國民黨在廣州舉行中國國民黨第一次全國代表大會,其後成立黃埔軍校,組建國民黨領導的國民革命軍,以黨統領軍隊。
在外交上,大元帅大本营有独立于北洋政府的外交政策:一是实行联俄;一是力争“得以列强平等相处,及脱离国际帝国主义之政治、经济的压迫”。1923年下半年,大本营为筹集经费,要求广东海关将两广关余交与广东革命政府使用,受到北洋政府的阻挠,但最终迫使列强让步,获得了两广关余的使用权。[3]
中华民国陆海军大元帅大本营的办公地点,位于今广州市海珠区纺织路东沙街,也即孙中山大元帅府纪念馆所在地。[1]
Series of women's road cycling races For the men's 2023 UCI World Tour, see 2023 UCI World Tour. 2023 UCI Women's World TourEighth edition of the UCI Women's World TourDetailsDates15 January – 17 October 2023LocationEuropeOceaniaAsiaRaces27ChampionsIndividual championDemi Vollering (SD Worx)Teams' championSD Worx← 2022 2024 → The 2023 UCI Women's World Tour was a competition that included twenty-seven road cycling events throughout the 2023 women's cycling season. It was …
Strada statale 82della Valle del LiriLocalizzazioneStato Italia Regioni Abruzzo Lazio Province L'Aquila Frosinone Latina DatiClassificazioneStrada statale InizioSS 5 presso Avezzano FineSS 7 presso Itri Lunghezza126,800 km Data apertura1928 Provvedimento di istituzioneLegge 17/05/1928 n°1094[1] GestoreANAS (tratta Avezzano-Arce) e Astral (tratta Ceprano-Itri) dal 2007 Percorso Manuale La strada statale 82 della Valle del Liri (SS 82), ora anche strada regio…
Марк Требеллій МаксимНародився невідомоПомер 72(0072)РимПідданство Римська імперіяДіяльність політикПосада консул-суффектТермін 55 рікПопередник Публій Корнелій ДолабеллаНаступник Публій Пальфурій Марк Требе́ллій Максим (лат. Marcus Trebellius Maximus; ? — 72) — державний дія…
American filmPanama and the Canal from an Aeroplanestill of the Canal as seen from the Fowler plane published in Sunset Magazine.Directed byRobert G. FowlerWritten byRiley A. ScottCharles K. FieldProduced byDuhem Motion Picture CompanyGeorge F. CosbyM. B. DudleyStarringRobert G. FowlerCinematographyRaymond Andre DuhemRunning time6 partsCountryUSALanguageSilent..English titles Gage biplane used for the pioneering flight, preserved at the Smithsonian's Udvar-Hazy facility Movie poster Panama and t…
Gerda Steinhoff Gerda Steinhoff (Gdansk, 29 de janeiro de 1922 – Gdansk, 4 de julho de 1946) nascida em Danzig, foi uma supervisora nazista da SS em campos de concentração nos anos seguintes a 1939, após a invasão da Polônia pelos alemães. Carreira na SS Na juventude Steinhoff trabalhou como faxineira em uma fazenda em Tygenhagen próximo a Danzig. De 1939 em diante ela trabalhou como cozinheira em Danzig e mais tarde tornou-se condutora de bonde. Ela se casou em 1944 e teve um filho. Na…
اضغط هنا للاطلاع على كيفية قراءة التصنيف الفوليدوصورياتالعصر: الجوراسي الأوسط - الطباشيري المتأخر 167.7–89.3 مليون سنة قك ك أ س د ف بر ث ج ط ب ن حفرية فوليدوصور في متحف für Naturkunde ببرلين المرتبة التصنيفية فصيلة التصنيف العلمي المملكة: الحيوانات الشعبة: الحبليات الطائفة: الزو
Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Maret 2016. SMK PGRI SutojayanSTP KARTO MARMOInformasiDidirikan22 Agustus 1990Kepala SekolahDrs. Hanum Hadi Wibowo M.Pd.Jurusan atau peminatanElektronika-Listrik-Mesin-OtomotifRentang kelasX XI XIIKurikulumSpktrum 2010 dan Kurikulum 2013Jumlah siswa960 orang …
حزب استقلال المملكة المتحدة البلد المملكة المتحدة تاريخ التأسيس 3 سبتمبر 1993[1] قائد الحزب نايجل فاراج (1998–22 يناير 2000) عدد الأعضاء 34293 [2]، و23600 [3] الأيديولوجيا شكوكية أوروبية[4]، وشعبوية يمينية، ومحافظة وطنية الانحياز السياسي ي…
Overview of territorial progress of Ethiopia The Ethiopian Empire at its height in 1952 after federation with Eritrea Beginning with the Kingdom of Aksum, Ethiopia's territory evolved significantly through conquest of the lands surrounding it. Strong Aksumite trading partnerships with other world powers gave prominence to its territorial expansion. In 330, Aksum besieged the Nubian city of Meroë, marking the beginning of its great expansion. It finally declined after the rise of Islamic dominio…
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Este artigo não cita fontes confiáveis. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW • CAPES • Google (N • L • A) (Janeiro de 2016) Instrumento transpositor é qualquer instrumento musical que, por qualquer razão, tem suas notas anotadas na partitura em altura diferente daquela que realmente soa. Os instrumentos que soam como escrito são chamados não transpositores. Para ev…
Princess of Wagram Duchess Maria ElisabethPrincess of WagramPortrait by Joseph BozePrincess consort of NeuchâtelTenure9 March 1808 – 3 June 1814Born(1784-05-05)5 May 1784Landshut, Electorate of BavariaDied1 June 1849(1849-06-01) (aged 65)Paris, FranceSpouseLouis-Alexandre BerthierIssueNapoléon Alexandre Berthier, 2nd Prince of WagramCaroline Joséphine, Baroness of HautpoulMarie Anne, Duchess of PlaisanceNamesGerman: Maria Elisabeth Amalie FranziskaHouseWittelsbachFatherDuke Wilhelm in …
Kuala Lumpur Hospital Healthcare in Malaysia is mainly under the Ministry of Health. Malaysia generally has an efficient and widespread system of health care, operating a two-tier health care system consisting of both a government base universal healthcare system and a co-existing private healthcare system. While there is a universal healthcare system, specialist services require queuing despite being free. Hence the private health care plays a major role in providing specialist services which c…
太子橋今市駅 3番出入口(大阪市旭区側 2007年1月28日撮影) たいしばしいまいち Taishibashi-Imaichi 所在地 大阪市旭区太子橋1丁目北緯34度43分52.97秒 東経135度33分17.77秒 / 北緯34.7313806度 東経135.5549361度 / 34.7313806; 135.5549361 (太子橋今市駅)座標: 北緯34度43分52.97秒 東経135度33分17.77秒 / 北緯34.7313806度 東経135.5549361度 / 34.7313806; 135.5549361…
46°28′23″N 7°17′04″E / 46.4731462°N 7.2844935°E / 46.4731462; 7.2844935Hotel in Gstaad, Switzerland Gstaad PalaceGstaad PalaceGeneral informationArchitectural styleSwiss chalet styleTown or cityGstaadCountrySwitzerlandOpenedDecember 1913AffiliationThe Leading Hotels of the WorldDesign and constructionArchitect(s)Adrien van DorsserWebsitewww.palace.ch/en/ The Gstaad Palace is a luxury hotel in Gstaad, Switzerland. It was opened in December 1913 and is known as …
Defunct railway station in New Zealand MangamahoeNew Zealand Government Railways (NZGR)regional railGeneral informationLocationStation Road, Wellington 5882, New ZealandCoordinates40°43′47.70″S 175°43′31.44″E / 40.7299167°S 175.7254000°E / -40.7299167; 175.7254000Owned byRailways DepartmentLine(s)Wairarapa LinePlatformsSingle sideTracksMain (x 1)HistoryOpened10 January 1887 (1887-01-10)[1]Closed1 August 1966 (1966-08-01) (…
Ini adalah nama Nias, madonya adalah Zega. Yusman ZegaA.Pi., M.Si. Wakil Bupati Nias Utara ke-3PetahanaMulai menjabat 26 April 2021PresidenJoko WidodoGubernurEdy RahmayadiBupatiAmizaro WaruwuPendahuluHaogosochi Hulu Informasi pribadiLahir2 Juli 1962 (umur 61)Moi, Sumatera UtaraKebangsaanIndonesiaPartai politik NasDemSuami/istriSitiada LahaguAnak3Alma materPoliteknik Ahli Usaha Perikanan STIAMI JakartaPekerjaanPolitikusSunting kotak info • L • B Yusman Zega, …
117 Mangga Besar Halte TransjakartaHalte Mangga Besar temporer arah Kota, 2023LetakKotaJakarta BaratDesa/kelurahanMaphar, Taman Sari (sisi timur)Krukut, Taman Sari (sisi barat)Kodepos1114011160AlamatJalan Gajah Mada dan Jalan Hayam WurukKoordinat6°09′08″S 106°49′02″E / 6.1521°S 106.8173°E / -6.1521; 106.8173Koordinat: 6°09′08″S 106°49′02″E / 6.1521°S 106.8173°E / -6.1521; 106.8173Desain HalteStruktur BRT, median jalan b…
Bridge in Abingdon, OxfordshireCulham BridgeOld Culham BridgeCoordinates51°39′30″N 1°16′38″W / 51.6584°N 1.2772°W / 51.6584; -1.2772CarriesThames PathCrossesSwift DitchLocaleAbingdon, OxfordshireMaintained byOxfordshire County CouncilCharacteristicsDesignArch bridgeMaterialStoneNo. of spansFiveHistoryConstruction end1422Closed1927Location Culham Bridge is a medieval bridge crossing a present backwater of the River Thames in England at Culham, Oxfordshire, near…
This article is about a shopping centre in Tampere, Finland. For a neighbourhood in Oulu, Finland, see Koskikeskus. Shopping mall in Tampere, FinlandKoskikeskusEntrance of Koskikeskus in 2017LocationKyttälä, Tampere, FinlandCoordinates61°29.75′N 23°46.05′E / 61.49583°N 23.76750°E / 61.49583; 23.76750AddressHatanpään valtatie 1Opening dateMarch 22, 1988[1]OwnerCitycon Oyj[1]ArchitectAntti TähtinenNo. of stores and services89No. of anchor tenant…
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