丙胺

丙胺
IUPAC名
Propan-1-amine
别名 Propylamine
识别
CAS号 107-10-8  checkY
PubChem 7852
ChemSpider 7564
SMILES
 
  • CCCN
Beilstein 1098243
Gmelin 1529
UN编号 1277
EINECS 203-462-3
ChEBI 39870
RTECS UH9100000
性质
化学式 C3H9N
摩尔质量 59.11 g·mol−1
外观 无色液体
氣味 腥味或氨味
密度 0.719 g·mL−1
熔点 -83 °C（190.15 K）
沸点 320—324 K（47—51 °C）
溶解性（水） 混溶
log P 0.547
蒸氣壓 33.01 kPa (at 20 °C)
kH 660 μmol Pa−1·kg−1
pKa 10.71
折光度n
D 		1.388
热力学
ΔfHm⦵298K −101.9–−101.1 kJ·mol−1
ΔcHm⦵ −2.368–−2.362 MJ·mol−1
S⦵298K 227.44 J K−1·mol−1
热容 162.51 J K−1·mol−1
危险性
GHS危险性符号
《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中易燃物的标签图案 《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中腐蚀性物质的标签图案 《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》（简称“GHS”）中有毒物质的标签图案
GHS提示词 危险
H-术语 H225, H302, H311, H314, H331
P-术语 P210, P261, P280, P305+351+338, P310
爆炸極限 2–10.4%
致死量或浓度：
LD50（中位剂量）
  • 370 mg kg−1 (大鼠，口)
  • 402.6 mg kg−1 (兔，皮)
相关物质
相关化学品 甲胺
乙胺
正丁胺
若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

丙胺是一种伯胺，化学式为C3H7NH2，或写作C3H9N，它是无色挥发性的液体。[1]

制备及性质

丙胺在工业上可以有正丙醇和氨在170~230 °C、1~30 bar下反应得到，所用的催化剂含氧化铜及氧化铝。反应的副产物有二丙胺和三丙胺。[2]

C3H7OH + NH3 —cat.→ C3H7NH2 + H2O

丙胺是弱碱，其Kb为4.7 × 10−4。在20 °C下，其100 g/L的水溶液的pH为12.6。

参考文献

  1. ^ Karsten Eller, Erhard Henkes, Roland Rossbacher, Hartmut Höke "Amines, Aliphatic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005. doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_001
  2. ^ Martin Ernst, Bernd Stein, Steffen Maas, Jörg Pastre, Thorsten Johann, Johann-Peter Melder: Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung eines Amins unter Verwendung eines Aluminium-Kupfer-Katalysators. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） In: Google Patents. BASF SE, 19. März 2014, abgerufen am 29. März 2019.

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