Seha Irmağı Ülkesi

Seha Irmağı Ülkesi

Seha Irmağı Ülkesi, MÖ 2. binyılda Hititler'den kalma çivi yazılı tabletlerden varlığı anlaşılan,[1] Batı Anadolu'da, Gediz ve Bakırçay ırmakları arasında kalan tarihsel bir ülkedir.[2] Seha Irmağı, Gediz (klasik Hermos) ya da Bakırçay'dan (klasik Kaikos) ikisinden biri olmalıdır.[3] 2014 yılında Prof Dr. Engin AKDENİZ tarafından keşfedilen ve Manisa ve Batı Anadolunun en büyük höyüğü olan ve gediz nehrinin en büyük kolu olan Selendi Çayı kenarına kurulmuş olan Manisa'nın Selendi İlçesi'ndeki Ters Tepe Höyüğünün Seha Nehri Ülkesi'nin merkezi olduğunu göstermektedir.[4] Hitit çivi yazılarında batı anadolu olduğu anlaşılan ve arzawa federasyonuna dahil krallıklardan biri olan bu krallık Hitit devletine karşı iki yüzlü politika uygulamıştır.

MÖ 14. ve 13. yüzyılda genellikle Hitit Devleti'ne bağlı bir vasal krallık olarak yönetilen Seha Irmağı Ülkesi'nin bilinen yöneticilerinin adları Muwawalwi, Ura Tarhunda, Manapa Tarhunda[5] ve Masturi'dir.[6] Hitit Kralı 2. Murşili'nin Arzawa federasyonu üzerine yaptığı batı seferinde (mö. 1320) iki taraf orduları Selendi Çayı havzasında karşılaşmışlardır. savaşı hititler kazanmış ve arzawa devletleri hititlere vasal olarak bağlanmıştır. Savaş sonucu 62.000 kişi 2. Murşili tarafından esir alınarak hattuşaya gönderilmiştir.[1]12 Eylül 2020 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.

Hitit Devleti'nin MÖ 1200'lerde yıklmasından sonra tarihte Seha Irmağı Ülkesi'nin adına rastlanmaz. Bu ülkenin yöneticilerinin adlarının, Anadolu'da konuşulmuş ve bilinen en erken Hint Avrupa Dillleri'nden biri olan Luvi dilinden olması, Seha Irmağı Ülkesi halkının Luvice ya da ona akraba diller konuşan topluluklar olduğunu gösterir.[7]Luviler daha sonra Lidya Devletini kurmuşlardır.[8]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ John Garstang ve O.R.Gurney, The Geography of Hittite Empire, s.96-97
  2. ^ H.Craig Melchert, Intruduction ve Prehistory: The Luwians, s.5-6
  3. ^ Trevor Bryce, The Kingdom of Hittites, s.444 d.22
  4. ^ "luviler". luviler. luwian studies vakfı. 24 Temmuz 2020. 22 Mayıs 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 21 Haziran 2020. 
  5. ^ Gary Beckman, Hittite Diplomatic Texts, s.74-82
  6. ^ Trevor Bryce, The Kingdom of Hittites, s.227
  7. ^ Sefa Taşkın, Luviya, Batı Anadolu ve Ege'nin İÖ.2. binyıl Tarihi'ne.Yeni bir Bakış, s.155-157
  8. ^ "Türkiye arkeolojik yerleşimleri projesi". Türkiye arkeolojik yerleşimleri projesi. tayproject.org. 23 Temmuz 2020. 13 Ekim 1999 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 27 Haziran 2020. 

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