Ponta Delgada

Ponta Delgada
Koordinate: 37°44′N 25°40′W / 37.733°N 25.667°W / 37.733; -25.667
Država  Portugal
Regija Azori
freguesie Santa Clara, São José, São Sebastião i São Pedro
Osnovan 1450
Vlast
 - Presidente Pedro do Nascimento Cabral
Površina
 - Ukupna 233 km²[1]
Visina 0[1]
Najveća visina 856[2]
Stanovništvo (2021.)
 - Grad 68,809[1]
 - Gustoća 295,3 stan/km²[1]
Vremenska zona UTC+0 (UTC)
Poštanski broj 9504[1]
Pozivni broj 296[1]
Karta
Pozicija Ponte Delgade na karti Azora
Pozicija Ponte Delgade na karti Azora

Pozicija Ponte Delgade na karti Azora

Ponta Delgada je grad i općina od 68,809 stanovnika[1] u sjevernom Atlantiku u portugalskom arhipelagu i Autonomnoj regiji Azori u kojoj je administrativni centar.

Geografija

Ponta Delgada se nalazi na jugozapadu otoka São Miguel, u prirodnom zaljevu, udaljena nekih 1,200 km zapadno od rta Cabo da Roca. Klima je blaga oceanska sa malim oscilacijama između 14 i 25 °C.[3]

Historija

Ponta Delgada dobila je status grada poveljom kralja Joãa III 2. aprila 1546., nakon što je dotadašnja otočka prijestolnica - Vila Franca do Campo, razorena u strašnom potresu 1522. godine.[4]

Zlatni period grada bio je 19. vijek kad je bio obavezna luka za brodove koji su plovili iz Evrope za Sjevernu Ameriku (i obrnuto) u kojoj bi dopunili zalihe. U to vrijeme prosperirao je na izvozu agruma za Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo, pa je izrastao u treći po veličini grad tadašnjeg Portugala.[4]

Još je početkom 20. vijeka bio osmi najveći grad, ali je sljedećih dekada izgubio na važnosti i spao u red manjih gradova.[4]

Teško je stradao 1839. od plimnog vala. Od 1976. je i univerzitetski grad jer je tad osnovan Univezitet Azora.[2]

Znamenitosti

Najveće znamenitosti grada su gradska vrata, katedrala São Sebastião iz 15. vijeka, crkve São José i São Pedro, samostan i kapela Nossa Senhora da Esperança, bivši jezuitski kolegij, palača Sant'Ana (danas sjedište regionalne vlade), muzej Carlos Machado, fortifikacija São Brás, gradska vijećnica i teatar Micaelense.[5]

Privreda i transport

Ponta Delgada je danas administrativni, obrazovni i trgovački centar arhipelaga.

Njegova luka, dobro zaštićena lukobranom dugim 1,6 km, je i danas obavezna stanica za jahtaše na plovidbi preko Atlantika. Iz luke se izvoze agrumi, ananas), čaj, vino, žitarice i mliječni proizvodi.

Od industrije ima šećerane, vinarije, destilirerije i remontno brodogradilište.[2]

Ponta ima Internacionalni aerodrom João Paulo II (IATA: PDL, ICAO: LPPD) sa dnevnim linijama za Lisabon i druge evropske gradove i prema drugim otocima arhipelaga.[2]

Zbog blage klime i bujne vegetacije je i popularna turistička destinacija.[2]

Izvori

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 „Ponta Delgada Municipality in Ponta Delgada (Portugal)” (engleski). City Population. Pristupljeno 18.02.2024. 
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 „Ponta Delgada” (engleski). Encyclopaedia Britannica. Pristupljeno 18.02.2024. 
  3. ↑ „Geografia” (portugalski). Câmara Municipal de Ponta Delgada. Pristupljeno 18.02.2024. 
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 „História e Cultura” (portugalski). Câmara Municipal de Ponta Delgada. Pristupljeno 18.02.2024. 
  5. ↑ „São Miguel, a ilha verde” (portugalski). VisitPortugal. Pristupljeno 18.02.2024. 

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