Industrija

Industrija je grana privrede koja zahteva veću količinu prirodnih resursa i izvora energije da bi se dobio krajnji proizvod. Industrija zahteva velike količine početnih ulaganja kapitala, pre nego što počne da se realizuje dobit.

Najuspešnija industrijska preduzeća u datom sektoru su najčešće ili preduzeća osnovana izrazito velikim kapitalom, ili preduzeća inovatori, koja su prva osvojila neku novu tehnologiju, proces ili tržište.

Industrija je postala ključni sektor proizvodnje u evropskim i severnoameričkim zemljama tokom industrijske revolucije, koja je izmenila pređašnje merkantilne i feudalne ekonomije kroz niz velikih tehnoloških napredaka kao što je izum parne mašine. Industrijske zemlje su zauzele kapitalistički ekonomski kurs. Železnica i parobrodi su omogućili jeftin prevoz roba do ranije praktično nedostupnih udaljenih tržišta, i omogućili privatnim firmama zgrtanje velikog bogatstva. Nakon industrijske revolucije, oko jedne trećine svetske ekonomske proizvodnje je dolazilo iz industrijskog sektora - što je veći udeo od udela poljoprivrednog sektora, ali danas je uslužni (takozvani tercijarni) sektor razvijeniji od industrijskog.

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