Niue

Za ostala značenja, vidi Niue (razvrstavanje).
Niuē Fekai
Zastava Niuea
Zastava
Himna: "Ko e Iki he Lagi"
Lokacija Niuea
Glavni gradAlofi
Službeni jeziciNiueanski, engleski
Demonim(i)Niueanci
VladaUstavna monarhija
Kraljica Elizabeth II
• Premijer
Dalton Tagelagi
Pridružena država
19. oktobar 1974.
Površina
• Ukupno
260 km2
Stanovništvo
• Procjena za jul 2009.
1.398[1] (218.)
• Gustoća
5,35 /km2 (n/a.)
BDP (PPP)procjena za
• Ukupno
7,6 mil. US$ (nerangiran.)
ValutaNovozelandski dolar (NZD)
Vremenska zonaUTC-11
Pozivni broj683
Veb-domena.nu

Niue je otočna država smještena u Južnom Pacifiku, 2400 km sjeveroistočno od Novog Zelanda, unutar trokuta između Tonge, Samoe i Kukovih Otoka. Otok ima vlastitu vladu, ali se nalazi u slobodnoj asocijaciji s Novim Zelandom.

Prvi Evropljanin koji ga je otkrio bio je James Cook kome su domoroci godine 1774. spriječili pristajanje, pa je nazvan "Divljim otokom". Tek godine 1846. su se tamo iskrcali kršćanski misionari, nakon čega je otok postao britanskim protektoratom. Godine 1901. upravu je preuzeo Novi Zeland, da bi godine 1974. dobio samoupravu.

Nieu je prilično siromašan resursima (iako se u posljednje vrijeme špekulira o naslagama urana), pa je glavni izvor prihoda pomoć vlade Novog Zelanda te prodaja Internet nastavaka (.nu).

Stanovnika ima 2000, od čega 80 % pripada polinežanskoj domorodačkoj etničkoj grupi, dok ostatak otpada na Evropljane, Samoance i Tongance. Po vjeri su uglavnom protestanti, iako ima i nešto mormona.

Geografija

Niue ima površinu od 260 km² i 13 naselja. Otok je najveći uzdignuti koraljni atol na svijetu.

Stanovništvo

Niue ima 2.166 stanovnika (stanje srpanj 2005. Zbog snažnog iseljavanja u Novi Zeland, od 1966. se broj stanovnika smanjio za više od 50%. Niujci (Niueanci) govore vlastitim polinezijskim jezikom koji je najbliži tonganskom. Uz njega, kao drugi jezik se govori engleski. Niueanci, polinežanski narod, danas (2006) broje u domovini tek 1,200 duša, no zato ih na Novom Zelandu ima 20,000, i nešto na Kukovom otočju (200) i 30 na Tongi. Anglo-Novozelanđana ima 70, nadalje 10 Kineza i oko 100 pripadnika sa drugih pacifičkih otoka. Niue 2006. ima svega 1,400 duša, prema UN-ovoj procjeni, dok CIA World Factbook, daje podatke o 2,166 stanovnika (za srpanj 2006; Niue Population)

Historija

Niue su naselili Polinežani sa Tonge, Samoe i Kukovih otoka. Kako kasnije gotovo da nisu imali više kontakte sa susjednim otocima, razvijao se samostalno. To se ogleda u velikim razlikama između jezika i kulture susjednih otoka i Nuie.

Na otok je prvi došao James Cook 1774. Zbog neprijateljski raspoloženog domaćeg stanovništva nije pristao, a otoku je dao ime Otok divljaka.

Oko 1846. su engleski misionari preveli na kršćanstvo veći dio stanovništva.

Od 20. travnja 1900. do 11. lipnja 1901. Niue je bio dio Britanskih zapadnopacifičkih područja.

11. lipnja 1901. je Novi Zeland anektirao Niue kao dio Kukovog otočja. 1904. se Niue odvojio od Kukovih otoka. 1974. je sklopljen ugovor o asocijaciji sa Novim Zelandom.

Ciklon Heta je 6. siječnja 2004. teško opustošio ovaj pacifički otok. Jedna je osoba poginula, a 200 otočana je ostalo bez krova nad glavom.Slike

Izvori

  1. ↑ Niue, The World Factbook, CIA. Pristup 14. april 2009.

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