Films produced by DreamWorks Animation were originally distributed by DreamWorks Pictures until 2005. Paramount Pictures distributed its releases from 2006 through 2012, and 20th Century Fox (currently known as 20th Century Studios) did the same from 2013 through 2017. Most DWA films from 2019 onward have been released through Universal Pictures, which also owns most of the rights to its back catalogue.[15]
On October 12, 1994, a trio of entertainment players, film director and producer Steven Spielberg, former Disney executive Jeffrey Katzenberg, and music executive David Geffen, founded DreamWorks SKG (the three letters taken from the surnames of the founders). To build the talent base, Spielberg brought over artists from his London-based studio, Amblimation, while Katzenberg recruited some of the top animation staff from Disney.[16] Some of Amblimation's artists came to DreamWorks in 1995, when the studio's last feature, Balto, was completed,[17] with the rest doing so following the studio's closure in 1997.[18]
In 1995, DreamWorks signed a co-production deal with Pacific Data Images to form subsidiary PDI, LLC (PDI owned 60% of PDI, LLC, while DreamWorks SKG owned 40%). This new unit would produce computer-generated feature films, beginning with Antz in 1998. In the same year, DreamWorks SKG produced The Prince of Egypt, which used both CGI technology and traditional animation techniques.
In 1997, DreamWorks partnered with British stop-motion animation studio Aardman Animations to co-produce and distribute Chicken Run (2000), a stop-motion film already in pre-production.[19] Two years later they extended the deal for an additional four films. With Aardman doing stop-motion and the existing traditional and computer productions, they covered all three major styles of animation.[20] This partnership had DreamWorks participating in the production of stop-motion films in Bristol, and also had Aardman participating in some of the CGI films made in the United States.
Three years later, DreamWorks SKG created DreamWorks Animation, a new business division that would regularly produce both types of animated feature films. The same year DW acquired majority interest (90%) in PDI, and reformed it into PDI/DreamWorks, the Northern California branch of its new business division.[21]
The animation division was spun off into a publicly traded company named DreamWorks Animation SKG, Inc. (doing business as DreamWorks Animation LLC) on October 27, 2004, and traded via the New York Stock Exchange.[citation needed] Katzenberg headed the new division, while Spielberg and Geffen remained on board as investors and consultants.[24] DWA also inherited interests in PDI/DreamWorks. They made an agreement with their former parent to distribute all of their films until they delivered twelve new films, or December 12, 2010, whichever came last.[23]
On January 31, 2006, DWA entered into a distribution agreement with Paramount Pictures, which recently acquired DWA's former parent and distribution partner, DreamWorks SKG. The agreement granted Paramount the worldwide rights to distribute all animated films, including all of their previously released animated films, until the delivery of 13 new animated feature films or the expiration date of December 31, 2012, whichever came last.[25]Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit was the last film distributed by its former distribution arm and Over the Hedge was the first film distributed by Paramount in May 19, 2006.
DWA's partnership with Aardman ended after the release of Flushed Away in November 2006, having delivered three out of five films. The announcement was made before the film's release, on October 3, citing "creative differences".[26] DWA retained the co-ownership of rights to all films co-produced with Aardman, with an exception being Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005), for which they only kept the worldwide distribution rights.[22]
On March 13, 2007, DreamWorks Animation announced it would release all of its films, beginning with Monsters vs. Aliens (2009), in stereoscopic 3D.[27] Together with Intel, they co-developed a new 3D film-making technology, InTru3D.[28]
Print logo without the mascot, used from 2007 to 2018.
In 2008, DWA extended its production pipeline into Bangalore, India, where they established a special unit within Technicolor, named DreamWorks Dedicated Unit. The unit is owned by Technicolor, but DreamWorks hires and trains the animators, who then contribute to DreamWorks projects. DDU at first worked only on TV specials, such as Merry Madagascar (2009), Scared Shrekless (2010), and DVD projects.[29] Eventually they started contributing to DreamWorks' feature films as well, beginning with animating part of Puss in Boots (2011).[30] In 2009, the company moved its shares to the NASDAQ as a move designed to save costs.[31]
Since 2009, the studio has been regularly listed in Fortune Magazine's "100 Best Companies to Work For". As the only entertainment company on the list, they ranked 47th in 2009,[32] 6th in 2010,[33] 10th in 2011,[34] 14th in 2012,[35] and 12th in 2013.[36]
Beginning in 2010, the studio had planned to release five feature films over the course of every two years,[37] but the next year the studio revisited their plans, "but beyond 2012, Katzenberg said the studio will play it by year, even if that means abandoning his proclamation that DWA would try to release three pictures in a single year, every other year."[38] In 2010, with the releases of How to Train Your Dragon, Shrek Forever After, and Megamind, DWA became the first animation studio that released three feature-length CG-animated films in a year.[39] The same year, the company purchased the film rights to the Trolls franchise.[40]
Diversification and expansion (2012–2015)
In July 2012, DreamWorks Animation won a $155 million bid to acquire Classic Media,[41] which has since been renamed to DreamWorks Classics.[42] In August 2012, DreamWorks Animation formed a joint venture with Chinese investment companies to establish a Shanghai-based entertainment company, named Oriental DreamWorks, to develop and produce original Chinese films and their derivatives.[43]
According to a Los Angeles Times report, DreamWorks Animation was in talks with Sony Pictures to distribute its upcoming films, such as the 2013 releases of The Croods and Turbo. The report also mentioned a possibility where Sony would handle United States distribution while 20th Century Fox would handle international distribution. Renewal of the deal with Paramount was also open, but only with more favorable terms for Paramount (they even offered a one-year extension of the deal, but Katzenberg desired to get a better deal).[44][45] Around the same time, DreamWorks Animation entered talks with Warner Bros. for a potential distribution deal as well, only to be turned down by the studio.[46]
In August 2012, DreamWorks Animation signed a five-year distribution deal with 20th Century Fox for all territories.[47] However, the deal did not include the distribution rights of previously released films, which DWA acquired from Paramount later in 2014.[48]Rise of the Guardians (2012) was the last DreamWorks Animation film to be distributed by Paramount, and The Croods became the first DreamWorks Animation film to be distributed by 20th Century Fox.
On April 11, 2013, DreamWorks Animation announced that it has acquired the intellectual property for the Trolls franchise from the Dam Family and Dam Things. DreamWorks Animation, which has "big plans for the franchise", has become the exclusive worldwide licensor of the merchandise rights, except for Scandinavia, where Dam Things remains the licensor.[40] On May 1, Katzenberg and DWA announced their intent to purchase YouTube channel AwesomenessTV, which was finalized later in the month.[49]
The following month, DWA announced a multi-year content deal to provide 300 hours of exclusive original content to the video on demand Internet streaming media provider, Netflix.[50] Part of the intent of the deal was in part to establish a more reliable income for DWA to defray the financial risk of solely relying on the theatrical film market.[51] The next day, DWA completed a five-year licensing agreement with Super RTL to start that September for the Classic Media library and the Netflix slate.[52] With the Netflix and Super RTL deals in place for TV, DWA announced executive hiring for its new television group, DreamWorks Animation Television in late July. Former Nickelodeon senior executive Margie Cohn became Head of Television for the group.[53] In September that same year, DreamWorks announced that it has acquired the TV library of London-based Chapman Entertainment with the programs to distributed through DWA's UK-based TV distribution operation.[54]
The next year, in February, DreamWorks announced the foundation of a new publishing division called DreamWorks Press, to publish books in print and digital form.[55] In June, the rights to Felix the Cat were acquired by DreamWorks Animation from Felix the Cat Productions, owned by Don Oriolo.[56] The same month, DreamWorksTV channel debuted on YouTube and operated by AwesomenessTV.[57] DreamWorks Animation then purchased Paramount's distribution rights to the pre-2013 library in July, and since then, DreamWorks Animation's then-distribution partner 20th Century Fox has distributed the library on their behalf until 2018, in which DreamWorks Animation's parent company Universal Pictures has assumed these responsibilities.[48]
The studio was reported to be acquired twice in the end of 2014. First, it was reported in September that the Japanese conglomerate SoftBank was in talks to acquire DreamWorks Animation for a price of $3.4 billion,[58] but the next day, it was reported that SoftBank had withdrawn its offer.[59] Next on November 12, it was reported that Hasbro was in talks to buy DreamWorks Animation in November. The proposal reportedly calls for the combined company to take the name "DreamWorks-Hasbro" and for Jeffrey Katzenberg to become its chairman, but as a matter of policy, neither Hasbro nor DWA publicly comment on mergers and acquisitions.[60] Two days later, the talks were reported to have fallen through.[61]
DreamWorks Animation announced their launch into the television broadcasting business on December 9, 2014, by creating their own channel called the DreamWorks Channel. With HBO Asia handling affiliate sales, marketing and technical services, the network launched in several Asian countries (except China and Japan) in the second half of 2015.[62] The channel first premiered in English on August 1, 2015, and a Thai-dubbed channel launched in September 2015.[63] Also in December, DWA sold a 25% stake in AwesomenessTV for $81.25 million to the Hearst Corporation.[64]
On January 5, 2015, DreamWorks Animation announced that Bonnie Arnold, producer of the How to Train Your Dragon series and Mireille Soria, producer of the Madagascar series were named co-presidents of the studio's feature animation division. At the same time, it was also announced that Bill Damaschke would step down from his position as Chief Creative Officer. So far, under Arnold and Soria's current tenure they signed Jason Reitman[65] and Edgar Wright[66] to work on their own animation debuts. Two weeks later, PDI/DreamWorks completely shut down as part of its parent company's larger restructuring efforts due to the box office underperformance of Penguins of Madagascar (2014), cutting 500 jobs.[67]
Acquisition by NBCUniversal and Universal Pictures distribution (2016–present)
On April 28, 2016, Comcast officially announced that its NBCUniversal division intended on acquiring DreamWorks Animation for $3.8 billion, valuing the company at $41 per share.[68] Jeffrey Katzenberg was to remain involved in the company as head of DreamWorks New Media, but was to cede control of the studio to Illumination's CEO Chris Meledandri, who would oversee both.[69] The sale was approved by board members, but subject to regulatory approval.[70][71]
At Guggenheim Partners' TMT Symposium, NBCUniversal CEO Steve Burke discussed how the purchase of DWA would fit into its business strategies. Burke explained that Meledandri planned to "take a lot of the existing DreamWorks franchises and add value as we create new franchises", and that the main goal was to "[take] the low-single-digit returns of the movie business and turn it into a different kind of business" by creating new intellectual property that can be merchandised and adapted into theme park attractions. Burke reaffirmed a commitment to animated features, stating that Universal Pictures would be able to release as many as four animated films per-year, divided between DreamWorks and Illumination. Burke also outlined that the purchase would be beneficial to Universal's expanding presence in China (where it was building a new Universal Studios park in Beijing).[72][73]
Although a spokesperson stated that Meledandri would work with Universal Pictures to determine "the most effective path forward for Illumination and DreamWorks Animation", he did not take over DreamWorks as was previously announced, and the two studios remain separate. Arnold and Soria retained their positions as co-presidents of DreamWorks' Feature Animation division, while Margie Cohn would lead a television animation division for the entire Universal Studios group. DreamWorks' digital, marketing, consumer products, and gaming divisions were absorbed into NBCUniversal.[79][80][81][82][83]
On December 21, 2016, Soria stepped down from her position as co-president of DreamWorks' Feature Animation division.[84][85][86]
In January 2017, Christopher DeFaria joined DreamWorks Animation in the newly created position of president of the DreamWorks Feature Animation Group.[87] As president, DeFaria oversaw all aspects of DWA's feature animation business, including slate strategy, development, production; innovation and technology; and business affairs.[87][88]
On August 1, 2017, it was announced that DreamWorks Animation and Blumhouse Productions would be working on Blumhouse's first animated film, Spooky Jack.[89] The film was initially set to be released on September 17, 2021, but was removed from the release schedule as The Bad Guys (2022) took over its release date.[90][91]
On October 6, 2017, it was announced that Abhijay Prakash would be COO of DWA.[92] He was later promoted to president of the Universal Filmed Entertainment Group in February 2019 following the release of How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World,[93] and DreamWorks Animation subsequently hired former Sony Pictures Imageworks head Randy Lake as the new chief operating officer of the company three months later.[94]
On November 13, 2017, it was announced that DreamWorks Animation had started a shorts program, called DreamWorks Shorts, which would show original animated short films before DWA's feature films, much akin to what Pixar and Walt Disney Animation Studios do for their feature films. The first short film to be produced under the program was Bird Karma, which premiered in Spring 2018.[95]
On February 2, 2018, CMC Capital Partners bought DreamWorks', Shanghai Media Group's, and Shanghai Alliance Investment's stakes in Oriental DreamWorks, owning the studio in its entirety; Oriental DreamWorks was later renamed to Pearl Studio. Pearl Studio collaborated with DreamWorks to produce Abominable (2019), with the film's original director, Jill Culton, returning.[96]
On February 27, 2018, DreamWorks Animation announced that Kelly Betz has been promoted as Chief Financial Officer.[97]
On May 2, 2018, Hulu announced its first license deal with DreamWorks Animation, becoming the exclusive streaming home for future DWA feature films, as well as library films. DWA had streamed exclusively through Netflix since 2013.[98]
On July 25, 2018, Viacom Media Networks announced that it was in talks to acquire AwesomenessTV for a fraction of the company's $650 million valuation in 2016.[99][100] Two days later on July 27, 2018, Viacom officially acquired AwesomenessTV for $25–50 million and integrated the company into Viacom Digital Studios. Jordan Levin left his position as CEO following the acquisition.[101][102] However, the deal does not include the DreamWorksTV YouTube channel, which is still retained by NBCUniversal, where it was integrated into NBCU Digital Enterprises Group, a new digital entertainment division led by President Maggie Suniewick.[103] On July 30, 2018, Variety reported that the deal is worth at least $50 million.[104]
On November 6, 2018, it was announced that Meledandri would be helping Universal and DreamWorks to revive the Shrek franchise.[105][106][107] Meledandri intends, however, to retain the original voice actors, as he pointed out they were perhaps the most memorable parts of the series. The first film in this collaboration, Puss in Boots: The Last Wish, on which Meledandri served as executive producer, was released in December 2022 to universal acclaim and commercial success.[108]
On January 9, 2019, DeFaria stepped down from his position as president of the company, with DreamWorks Animation Television head Margie Cohn promoted to oversee all film and television operations.[109]
On January 16, 2020, five new DreamWorks Animation shows were announced for Hulu and NBCUniversal's new video streaming service Peacock.[110]
On October 6, 2023, Cartoon Brew reported that DreamWorks Animation was moving away from producing films in-house at their Glendale campus to rely more heavily on outside studios after 2024, as part of a layoff by chief operating officer Randy Lake in a series of meetings the previous month; low morale was also reported. According to the report, Sony Pictures Imageworks was named as the animation service for one of two unannounced films scheduled for 2025, the film being a sequel. The film would use a "mixed production model", in which pre-production would be done in-house at DreamWorks along with approximately 50% of the asset build and one hour of production, while Imageworks will handle the other 50% of asset builds and 20 minutes of shot production.[115] The film was later revealed to be The Bad Guys 2.
In November 2024, DreamWorks Animation celebrated its 30th anniversary, while it was revealed that they would venture into live-action filmmaking for the first time with its involvement on the live-action remake of How to Train Your Dragon, set for release in 2025.[116]
Logo
DreamWorks Animation is known for its logo, which is a boy fishing on the moon. The logo originated from DreamWorks Pictures, illustrated by Robert Hunt and animated by Wes Takahashi, debuting in 1997. It was later used as the standard logo for DreamWorks Animation from Antz (1998) to Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas (2003).
In 2004, DreamWorks unveiled its own logo, in which the boy flies up to the moon via balloons. It originally had music adapted from the track "Fairytale" for the film Shrek (2001), the logo was composed by Harry Gregson-Williams, one of the co-composers of Shrek and the composer of its sequels as well as other DreamWorks films. The logo was used from Shrek 2 (2004) to Monsters vs. Aliens (2009).
In 2010, DreamWorks unveiled a new logo, this time with the boy fishing on the moon in space. An updated version of the fanfare accompanied this logo, and the logo would be used from How to Train Your Dragon (2010) to Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie (2017).
Two years after its acquisition by Universal Pictures in 2016, a new DreamWorks Animation logo was introduced. It is said that it pays homage to the evolution of animation.[117] It received a new fanfare composed by John Powell, the other composer of the first Shrek and other DreamWorks films, adapting some cues from Shrek 2 and tones from John Williams' DreamWorks Pictures fanfare to create the music for the logo. The logo debuted on the first trailer of How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World in 2018,[118] but the full animated version and the new fanfare debuted on February 22, 2019, with the release of the film, for which Powell also composed the score.
On November 25, 2022, a new logo was announced. The boy on the moon was redubbed as the Moon Child to relate to anyone. The logo showcases the Moon Child flying on the crescent moon, interacting with several DreamWorks characters before settling on the moon. It features characters from The Bad Guys (2022), How to Train Your Dragon, Kung Fu Panda, The Boss Baby, Trolls, and Shrek, and a rearranged score by Harry Gregson-Williams, finally returning after making the fanfare for the 2010 logo, with elements of the previous fanfare by John Powell. The logo was created by production designer Kendal Cronkhite (the Trolls films), Suzanne Buirgy (Home (2015) and Abominable (2019)) and a team of 10–40 people, taking eight months to complete. The characters that appear in the logo also have different designs to better fit in the continuity. It made its debut on November 22, 2022, as an unlisted video on DreamWorks' YouTube channel[119] and made its on-screen debut in Puss in Boots: The Last Wish.[120][121] Character appearance in the logo started to change with the release of Trolls Band Together (2023), with the Kung Fu Panda, The Boss Baby, and Trolls franchises being replaced with the Madagascar and The Croods franchises and Puss in Boots (2011) and its aforementioned sequel.
Since 2018, DreamWorks has used their in-house render MoonRay, which was first used on the short film Bilby and animation system Premo for their films.
Most of DreamWorks' films tend to cost between $125–165 million, but Monsters vs. Aliens is the studio's most expensive film to date, with a budget of $175 million. After the release of How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World, DreamWorks films started to have much lower costs in the $65–100 million range, similar to its sister studio, Illumination. Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie and Spirit Untamed, cost $38 million and $30 million respectively.
DreamWorks does not have a house style. In an interview with Animation Magazine in 2012, Bill Damaschke stated that the studio doesn't stick to one specific film tone and that it's about leaning into the sensibilities of the filmmakers who work on their films, citing Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted and Rise of the Guardians contrasting each other.[122] Margie Cohn reaffirmed not having a house style in 2022, stating that the studio can release a film that looks like The Bad Guys, Puss in Boots: The Last Wish, or Trolls.[14]
Partnerships
DreamWorks Animation has an ongoing partnership with Hewlett-Packard that has been active since 2002,[123] and the studio exclusively uses HP workstations and servers. In 2005, DWA partnered with HP to introduce HP Halo Telepresence Solutions, technologies that allow people in different locations to communicate in a face-to-face environment in real time.[124]
In 2005, AMD signed a three-year deal to provide Opteron processors to the studio. This relationship ended in 2008, and DreamWorks announced that they would use IntelXeon processors for all future productions.[125] The same year, both companies announced a technology called InTru3D that allows DreamWorks to produce all of their future films in 3D, beginning with Monsters vs. Aliens.[126]
DreamWorks also has a partnership with NetApp in order to supply cloud-based storage that allows the company to complete its films.[127]
The DreamWorks Experience was announced for Royal Caribbean cruise ships, including ships of the Freedom Class (Freedom and Liberty), Voyager Class (Voyager of the Seas), Oasis Class (Oasis, Allure, Harmony), and Quantum Class (Quantum, Anthem, Ovation) in June 2010.[128] On April 11, 2019, the DreamWorks program was removed from all ships due to DreamWorks and Royal Caribbean not renewing their contract.[129]
The DreamWorks Experience: Gaylord Hotels (2011–2015)
In April 2011, the DreamWorks Experience was announced for resorts owned by Gaylord Entertainment in Nashville, Orlando, Dallas, and Washington, D.C. for a four-year contract ending January 1, 2015. After Gaylord was bought out by Marriott, Marriott owners did not renew the contract.[130]
The DreamWorks Experience: Dreamworld in Australia (2011–2022)
On November 10, 2011, the Australian theme park Dreamworld announced a three-stage plan to incorporate DreamWorks Animation films and characters into the park. The three phases were expected to cost $10 million to complete.[131][132] On December 19, 2011, Dreamworld opened the DreamWorks Holiday Shrektacular Show which featured 8 DreamWorks Animation characters live on stage. This was the first of a three-phase plan to incorporate the characters into the theme park.[132] The show concluded on January 27, 2012.[133] On February 1, 2012, following the peak season, Dreamworld closed most of the rides in Kid's World.[134] The 8,400-square-metre (90,000 sq ft) area was rethemed into the DreamWorks Experience precinct over a period of two months. This phase was officially opened to the public on March 31, 2012.[132]
On July 15, 2012, Dreamworld closed the Avalanche in order for construction to continue on the final development phase of the DreamWorks Animation alliance, Kung Fu Panda: Land of Awesomeness.[135] The new area included a new set of bumper cars, Skadoosh, as well as Dreamworld's eighth thrill ride, Pandamonium, and the Kung Fu Academy.[132][136]
On November 24, 2022, Dreamworld announced a $55m investment to the park, which included Kenny and Belinda's Dreamland, a new themed area to replace the existing DreamWorks Experience area in 2023. Most of the rides remained in the new rethemed area, while the attractions based on Kung Fu Panda were moved to Ocean Parade.[137][138]
DreamPlay by DreamWorks: City of Dreams Manila
The world's first indoor interactive play and creativity center theme park located within City of Dreams Manila opened on June 12, 2015.[139]
DreamWorks Animation Home Entertainment was a home video distribution label of the animation studio DreamWorks Animation and banner for other home media units.
After DreamWorks Animation entered a five-year distribution deal with 20th Century Fox in 2012, the label was brought over to 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment but was no longer credited on-screen.[151] Paramount retained the rights to DreamWorks' pre-2013 catalog until they were sold to Fox and reacquired by DreamWorks on July 1, 2014.[152]
The Fox deal ended in 2017 after the release of Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie and NBCUniversal's purchase of DreamWorks Animation a year prior.[153][69] Universal Pictures Home Entertainment distributed the DreamWorks back catalogue under their brand from 2018 to 2021, resulting in the shuttering of DreamWorks Animation Home Entertainment before the fold.
^ ab"2007 Annual Report"(PDF). DreamWorks Animation SKG. March 17, 2008. Archived from the original(PDF) on September 28, 2011. Retrieved July 3, 2011.
^ ab"Annual Report 2004"(PDF). files.shareholder.com. DreamWorks Animation SKG. March 25, 2005. Archived from the original(PDF) on May 29, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^"Annual Report 2010"(PDF). dreamworksanimation.com. DreamwWorks Animation SKG. February 24, 2011. Archived from the original(PDF) on September 28, 2011. Retrieved July 3, 2011.
^Holson, Laura M. (October 3, 2006). "Is Th-Th-That All, Folks?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2010.
^"DreamWorks Animation Goes 3D". ir.dreamworksanimation.com (Press release). DreamWorks Animation SKG, Inc. March 13, 2007. Archived from the original on August 18, 2011. Retrieved November 6, 2010.
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Esta lista aborda as áreas territoriais totais de todos os municípios do estado do Amazonas por área territorial. Os dados são do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e foram atualizados pela Portaria n° 177 de 15 de maio de 2020, publicada no Diário Oficial da União (DOU) em 19 de maio seguinte, tomando-se por base a divisão territorial do Brasil em 30 de abril de 2019. O Amazonas é o maior estado brasileiro, localizado da Região Norte do Brasil, com 1 559&#...
Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Croce (disambigua). Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento geometria non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Una croce greca (tutti i bracci della stessa lunghezza), diritta e ruotata di 45 gradi. Croce patente Una croce è una figura geom...
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع الجزائر (توضيح). الجزائر اَلْجُمهُورِيَّة اَلْجَزَائِرِيَّة اَلدِّيمُقرَاطِيَّة اَلشَّعبِيَّة الجزائرعلم الجزائر الجزائرشعار الجزائر الشعار الوطنيبالشّعب وللشّعب النشيد: قسما الأرض والسكان إحداثيات 28°N 1°E / ...
Legendary beliefs of the Haudenosaunee 19th-century ship decoration of an Iroquois warrior sitting on a turtle, referencing the Great Turtle that carries the Earth in Iroquois mythology. Made in the sculpture workshop of the naval arsenal in Brest, France. Mythology of the Haudenosaunee includes the creation stories and folktales of the Native Americans who formed the confederacy of the Five Nations Iroquois, later the Six Nations Iroquois Confederacy. Historically, these stories were recorde...
Kadipaten VenesiaDogado (vec)Domini di Republik Venesia697–1797Laguna Venesia, Mestre di daratan, Murano, Venesia, dan LidoSejarahEra sejarahAbad Pertengahan• Didirikan 697• Traktat Campo Formio 17 Oktober 1797 1797 Didahului oleh Digantikan oleh ksrKekaisaran Romawi Timur Monarki Habsburg Dogado atau Kadipaten Venesia adalah wilayah utama Republik Venesia yang dikepalai oleh seorang Doge. Wilayah ini terdiri dari kota Venesia dan wilayah pesisir kecil yang terbentang dari Lor...
Disambiguazione – Galleria Vittorio Emanuele rimanda qui. Se stai cercando la quasi omonima galleria di Messina, vedi Galleria Vittorio Emanuele III. Galleria Vittorio Emanuele IILocalizzazioneStato Italia RegioneLombardia LocalitàMilano IndirizzoPiazza del Duomo, 19-21[1] Coordinate45°27′56.21″N 9°11′24.07″E45°27′56.21″N, 9°11′24.07″E Informazioni generaliCondizioniIn uso Costruzione1865-1867 e 1876-1877 Inaugurazione15 settembre 1867 la Galleria ...
Europeana es la biblioteca digital europea, de acceso libre, cuyo prototipo comenzó a funcionar el 20 de noviembre de 2008,[1] que reúne contribuciones ya digitalizadas de reconocidas instituciones culturales de los 27 Estados miembros de la Unión Europea. Sus fondos incluyen libros, películas, pinturas, periódicos, archivos sonoros, mapas, manuscritos y otros archivos. Desde el punto de vista técnico, Europeana es el portal del patrimonio cultural europeo que comenzó con dos mi...
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع العش (توضيح). العش خريطة البلدية الإحداثيات 35°57′00″N 4°41′00″E / 35.95°N 4.68333333°E / 35.95; 4.68333333 تقسيم إداري البلد الجزائر ولاية برج بوعريريج دائرة الحمادية خصائص جغرافية المجموع 379٫89 كم2 (146٫68 ميل2) عدد السكان (2008 [1 ...
2018 EP by Lennon Stella Love, MeEP by Lennon StellaReleasedNovember 16, 2018 (2018-11-16)Length16:51LabelColumbiaProducer Lennon Stella (exec.) Erin McCarley Busbee Sam de Jong Stint Joel Little Greg Kurstin Lennon Stella chronology Love, Me(2018) Three. Two. One.(2020) Singles from Love, Me BadReleased: September 14, 2018 BreakawayReleased: October 31, 2018 La Di DaReleased: November 16, 2018 FeelingsReleased: December 12, 2018 Love, Me (stylized in sentence case) is the ...
United States Air Force general George Scratchley BrownGeneral George S. BrownBorn(1918-08-17)17 August 1918Montclair, New Jersey, U.S.Died5 December 1978(1978-12-05) (aged 60)Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, U.S.BuriedArlington National CemeteryAllegianceUnited StatesService/branchUnited States Air ForceYears of service1941–1978RankGeneralService numberO-24021Commands heldChairman of the Joint Chiefs of StaffChief of Staff of the United States Air ForceAir Force Systems CommandS...
