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Лакедемонская полития (Ксенофонт)

Лакедемонская полития
др.-греч. Λακεδαιμονίων Πολιτεία
Жанр трактат
Автор Ксенофонт
Язык оригинала древнегреческий язык
Дата первой публикации IV век до н. э.

«Лакедемонская полития» или «Государственное устройство лакедемонян» (греч. Λακεδαιμονίων Πολιτεία) — один из малых политических трактатов Ксенофонта, представляющий собой описание государственного строя Спарты.

Общая характеристика трактата

Трактат носит преувеличенно хвалебный характер. Автор здесь открыто выражает свои антидемократические взгляды и не скрывает симпатий к аристократической Спарте. В отличие от некоторых других сочинений, таких как «Киропедия», «Агесилай», «Гиерон», Ксенофонт опирается не на моральные качества правителя, а на систему незыблемых законов. По мнению автора, наиболее совершенна такая система, фундаментом для которой является воспитание граждан. Спартанское воспитание (агогэ), согласно Ксенофонту, продолжается в течение всей жизни и культивирует в гражданах такие качества, как неприхотливость, умение подчиняться командирам и умение командовать, отвага и готовность к самопожертвованию.

Проблема последней главы

Ряд исследователей сомневаются в принадлежности Ксенофонту последней главы трактата, в которой говорится о падении нравов в современной автору Спарте.[1] Однако веских доводов против подлинности этой главы нет.

Издания текста на русском языке

Примечания

  1. См.: Соболевский С. И. Позднейшие историки // История греческой литературы. М.: Изд. Академии Наук СССР, 1955. Т. II. С.122-124.

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