Troides

Troides
Научная классификация
Домен:
Эукариоты
Царство:
Животные
Подцарство:
Эуметазои
Без ранга:
Двусторонне-симметричные
Без ранга:
Первичноротые
Без ранга:
Линяющие
Без ранга:
Panarthropoda
Тип:
Членистоногие
Подтип:
Трахейнодышащие
Надкласс:
Шестиногие
Класс:
Насекомые
Подкласс:
Крылатые насекомые
Инфракласс:
Новокрылые
Клада:
Насекомые с полным превращением
Надотряд:
Amphiesmenoptera
Отряд:
Чешуекрылые
Подотряд:
Хоботковые
Инфраотряд:
Разнокрылые бабочки
Клада:
Двупорые
Клада:
Apoditrysia
Клада:
Obtectomera
Надсемейство:
Булавоусые
Семейство:
Парусники
Подсемейство:
Papilioninae
Триба:
Troidini
Род:
Troides
Международное научное название
Troides Hübner, 1823

Troides  (лат.) — род крупных тропических бабочек из семейства парусников (Papilionidae), распространённых в Южной Азии[1].

Описание

Крупные бабочки с размахом крыльев до 20 см, у большинства видов 10—14 см. В анальной области заднего крыла имеется довольно широкий выступ, который заворачивается на верхнюю сторону крыла. У самцов на нем располагаются длинные андрокониальные волоски. Окраска темная — чёрная, черно-бурая или серовато-пепельная с крупными жёлтыми полями на задних крыльях. Половой диморфизм выражен относительно слабо. Самки крупнее самцов.

Систематика

Troides rhadamantus
Troides plateni
Самка Troides vandepolli
Troides plato
СамкаTroides hypolitus
Troides magellanus
Troides helena
Troides haliphron
Самец Troides cuneifera
Самка Troides cuneifera
Troides dohertyi

Подрод Ripponia (Haugum & Low, 1975)

  • Ripponia hypolitus
    • ssp. sulaensis Staudinger, 1895
    • ssp. cellularis Rothschild, 1895
    • ssp. caelicola Haugum & Low, 1982
    • ssp. hypolitus Cramer, 1775
    • ssp. bachanensis Okanao & Okhura, 1978
    • ssp. antiopa Rothschild, 1908

Подрод Troides (Hübner, 1823)

  • Troides amphrysus
    • ssp. ruficollis Butler, 1877
    • ssp. naokoae Morita, 1996
    • ssp. chrysomelas Parrott & Schmid, 1984
    • ssp. kuris Kobayashi, 1997
    • ssp. arkumene Hayami, 1994
    • ssp. euthydemus Fruhstorfer, 1913
    • ssp. centralis Deslisle, 1993
    • ssp. simeuluensis Parrott, 1991
    • ssp. odeipus Kobayashi & Hayami, 1994
    • ssp. asteria Hayami, 1992
    • ssp. niasicus Fruhstorfer, 1897
    • ssp. merah Kobayashi & Hayami, 1992
    • ssp. zeus Kobayashi & Hayami, 1992
    • ssp. vistara Fruhstorfer, 1906
    • ssp. amphrysus Cramer, 1782
    • ssp. joanae Parrott, 1989
    • ssp. tambelanensis Okano & Ohkura, 1987
    • ssp. perintis Kobayashi, 1986
    • ssp. flavicollis Druce, 1873
    • ssp. andrewei Parrott, 1991
    • ssp. kecilensis Schäffler, 1999
    • ssp. hilbebi Hayami, 1992
  • Troides cuneifera
    • ssp. paeninsulae Pendlebury, 1936
    • ssp. sumatrana Hagen, 1894
    • ssp. noname, loc South Sumatra; Mt.Dempo
    • ssp. cuneifera Oberthür, 1879
    • ssp. tantalus Ehrmann, 1904
  • Troides miranda
    • ssp. miranda Butler, 1869
    • ssp. hayamii Kobayashi, 1991
    • ssp. neomiranda Fruhstorfer, 1903
    • ssp. annae Deslisle, 1988
  • Troides andromache
    • ssp. andromache Staudinger, 1892
    • ssp. marapokensis Fruhstofer, 1898
    • ssp. nishikawai Kobayashi, 1992
    • ssp. goramensis Morita, 2000
  • Troides haliphron
    • ssp. haliphron Boisduval, 1836
    • ssp. pistor Rothschild, 1896
    • ssp. kronos Kobayashi, 1987
    • ssp. naias Doherty, 1891
    • ssp. socrates Staudinger, 1891
    • ssp. celebensis Wallace, 1865
    • ssp. selayarensis Kobayashi & Koiwaya, 1981
    • ssp. purahu Kobayashi, 1987
    • ssp. bellwoni Neukirchen, 1993
    • ssp. eleonorae Rumbucher & Shchaffler 2004
  • Troides staudingeri
    • ssp. iris Röber, 1888
    • ssp. ariadne Rothschild, 1908
    • ssp. heptanonius Fruhstorfer, 1913
    • ssp. rikyu Arima & Morimoto, 1991
    • ssp. staudingeri Röber, 1888
    • ssp. ikarus Fruhstorfer, 1904
  • Troides criton
    • ssp. criton Felder, 1860
    • ssp. critonides Fruhstorfer, 1903
  • Troides vandepolli
    • ssp. honrathiana Martin, 1892
    • ssp. parrottei Deslisle, 1989
    • ssp. vandepolli Snellen, 1890
  • Troides helena
    • ssp. cerberus Felder, 1865
    • ssp. euthycrates Fruhstorfer, 1913
    • ssp. tabuchii Hayami & Kobayashi, 1994
    • ssp. spilotia Rothschild, 1908
    • ssp. heliconoides Moore, 1877
    • ssp. ferrari Tytler, 1926
    • ssp. typhaon Rothschild, 1908
    • ssp. dempoensis Deslisle, 1993
    • ssp. isara Rothschild, 1908
    • ssp. nereis Doherty, 1891
    • ssp. rayae Deslisle, 1991
    • ssp. hermes Hayami, 1991
    • ssp. mosychlus Fruhstorfer, 1913
    • ssp. orientis Parrott, 1991
    • ssp. sugimotoi Hanafusa, 1992
    • ssp. venus Hayami, 1991
    • ssp. bunguranensis Ohya, 1982
    • ssp. helena Linnaeus, 1758
    • ssp. noname, loc Tinjil Island
    • ssp. nereides Fruhstorfer, 1906
    • ssp. antileuca Rothschild, 1908
    • ssp. mannus Fruhstorfer, 1908
    • ssp. sagittatus Fruhstorfer, 1896
    • ssp. propinquus Rothschild, 1895
    • ssp. hephaestus Felder, 1865
    • ssp. neoris Rothschild, 1908
  • Troides oblongomaculatus
    • ssp. oblongomaculatus (Goeze, 1779)
    • ssp. thestius (Staudinger, 1896)
    • ssp. bouruensis (Wallace, 1865)
    • ssp. asartia (Rothschild, 1908)
    • ssp. bandensis Pagenstecher, 1904
    • ssp. hanno Fruhstorfer, 1904
    • ssp. papuensis (Wallace, 1865)
    • ssp. ilonae Schäffler, 1999
    • ssp. cyclop Rumbucher & Schäffler, 2005
  • Troides aeacus
    • ssp. aeacus Felder, 1860
    • ssp. szechwanus Okano & Okano, 1983
    • ssp. malaiianus Fruhstorfer, 1902
    • ssp. insularis Ney, 1905
    • ssp. formosanus Rothschild, 1899
  • Troides magellanus
    • ssp. magellanus Felder, 1862
    • ssp. cuyonensis Deslisle, 2001
    • ssp. sonani Matsumura, 1932

Замечания по охране

Все виды внесены в перечень чешуекрылых, экспорт, реэкспорт и импорт которых регулируется в соответствии с Конвенцией о международной торговле видами дикой фауны и флоры, находящимися под угрозой исчезновения (СИТЕС).

Примечания

  1. ↑ Л. В. Каабак, А. В. Сочивко. Бабочки мира / Г. Вильчек. — 1-е. — Москва: Аванта+, 2003. — С. 84-86. — 184 с. — (Самые красивые и знаменитые). — 10 000 экз. — ISBN 5-94623-008-5, ISBN 5-98986-071-4.

Литература

  • Hirotaka Matsuka, Natural History of Birdwing Butterflies. Matsuka Printing Co. 2001
  • d’Abrera, Bernard. (1975). Birdwing Butterflies of the World Hill House Publishers ISBN 0-947352-42-2
  • Л. В. Каабак, А. В. Сочивко. Бабочки мира / Г. Вильчек. — 1-е. — Москва: Аванта+, 2003. — С. 84-86. — 184 с. — (Самые красивые и знаменитые). — 10 000 экз. — ISBN 5-94623-008-5, ISBN 5-98986-071-4..
  • Collins, N.M., Morris, M.G., IUCN, (1985). Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: the IUCN Red Data Book (1985) IUCN pdf
  • Parsons, M.J. (1996). A phylogenetic reappraisal of the birdwing genus Ornithoptera (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae: Troidini) and a new theory of its evolution in relation to Gondwanan vicariance biogeography Journal of Natural History Volume 30, Issue 11:1707-1736
  • Haugum, Jan; & Low, A. M. (1978). A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. Volume 1, Part 1. Introduction, Ornithoptera (Aetheoptera)., Klampenborg, Denmark, Scandinavian Science Press 1(1)
  • Haugum, Jan; & Low, A. M. (1979). A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. Volume 1, Part 2. Ornithoptera (Ornithoptera)., Klampenborg, Denmark, Scandinavian Science Press 1(2)
  • Haugum, Jan; & Low, A. M. (1980). A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. Volume 1, Part 3. Ornithoptera (Schoenbergia)., Klampenborg, Denmark, Scandinavian Science Press 1(3)
  • Haugum, Jan; & Low, A. M. (1981). A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. Volume 2, Part 1. Trogonoptera & Ripponia., Klampenborg, Denmark, Scandinavian Science Press 2(1)
  • Haugum, Jan; & Low, A. M. (1982). A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. Volume 2, Part 2. Troides; amphrysus & haliphron groups., Klampenborg, Denmark, Scandinavian Science Press 2(2)
  • Haugum, Jan; & Low, A. M. (1983). A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. Volume 2, Part 3. Troides; helena and aeacus groups., Klampenborg, Denmark, Scandinavian Science Press 2(3)
  • Kiyotaro Kondo, Tsutomu Shinkawa & Hirotaka Matsuka. (2003). Molecular systematics of birdwing butterflies (Papilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial ND5 gene Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 57:17-24

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