Приведённая постоянная Планка

Приведённая постоянная Пла́нка, постоянная Дира́ка[источник не указан 1175 дней] или постоянная Пла́нка — Дира́ка[источник не указан 1175 дней] — название постоянной Планка, делённой на 2 π:

 Дж·c = эВ·с[1],

где — обычная постоянная Планка.

Смысл введения приведённой (редуцированной) константы Планка и широкого её использования в том, что в теоретически более важных формулах при её использовании пропадает загромождающий множитель или делитель 2π. Прежде всего имеется в виду связь действия и фазы , а также импульса c волновым вектором и энергии с циклической частотой (более употребительной, чем отличающаяся от неё множителем 2π простая частота ). Как следствие, с использованием такой формы константы Планка вообще большинство формул записывается чуть проще и прозрачнее.

В планковской системе единиц приведённая (редуцированная) постоянная Планка выбрана в качестве основной единицы. Также в теоретической физике используются системы величин (иногда говорят о системах единиц), в которых постоянная Планка — Дирака равна единице (), что позволяет ещё более упростить формулы благодаря тому, что энергия и циклическая частота, фаза и действие, импульс и волновой вектор становятся попарно эквивалентными и взаимозаменяемыми величинами.

Обозначается строчной перечёркнутой латинской буквой ħ, в формулах называется «h с чертой» (англ. h-bar). В Юникоде этот символ занимает позицию U+0127 (ħ); также имеется отдельный символ англ. Planck constant over two pi (U+210F, ℏ).

Ссылки

  1. http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt Архивная копия от 8 декабря 2013 на Wayback Machine Fundamental Physical Constants — Complete Listing

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